mahasatipatthana sutta �@�@‘å”O�ˆŒo

 

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�w‘å”O�ˆŒo�x Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna-sutta‚Í�Aƒp�[ƒŠ•§“TŒo‘ ’·•”‚Ì‘æ22Œo�B

ƒp�[ƒŠŒêŒ´“T�@�@�@Dīgha Nikāya 22�@�@Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta�@�@ https://suttacentral.net/dn22/pli/ms

ƒGƒbƒZƒC‰pŒê–ó�@U Jotika and U Dhamminda

‰pŒê–ó�@Long Discourses 22�@The Longer Discourse on Mindfulness Meditation�@ https://suttacentral.net/dn22/en/sujato

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ƒp�[ƒŠ•§“TŒo‘ ’†•”‚Ì‘æ10Œo�w”O�ˆŒo�xSatipaṭṭhāna-sutta

Œ´“T�@Satipaṭṭhānasutta�@ Majjhima Nikāya 10�@�@https://suttacentral.net/mn10/pli/ms

‰pŒê–ó�@Mindfulness Meditation �@�@Middle Discourses 10�@�@https://suttacentral.net/mn10/en/sujato

 

ŽQ�ÆŽ«�‘

Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera

PTS Pali-English dictionary The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary

Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary

Tipiṭaka Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary

Pali Viet Dictionary Bản dịch của ngài Bửu Chơn

Pali Roots Dictionary

‘�•â‰ü’ùƒp�[ƒŠŒêŽ«“T �…–ì�OŒ³’˜

Š¿æ¡ƒp�[ƒŠŒê熓T 黃â\žÄæ¡

�s”bŠ¿ŽŒ“T�tMahāñāṇo Bhikkhu•Ò’˜

�s”bŠ¿ŽŒ“T�t–¾–@‘¸ŽÒú�’ù

 

 

ƒo�[ƒŠŒêŽO‘ Œo“T‚ɂ͑S•”‚Å4000�H‚ÌŒo‚ª‚ ‚邪�A‚Ç‚ê‚ð’†�S‚É‚·‚é‚©‚Æ–â‚í‚ê‚ê‚Î�A‚±‚Ì‘å”O�ˆŒo‚ð�„‚·�B

—�—R‚Í‚±‚ÌŒo‚ɂ͋ï‘Ì“I�C�s–@‚ª�Ú�ׂɂ킽‚Á‚Ä�à‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¨‚è�A‚Ü‚½‚±‚Ì�C‹Æ‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�Aˆ¢—…Š¿(Arahatship)‚ƈ¢“ߊÜ(Anagama)‚̃Œƒxƒ‹‚܂Ōå‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª–¾Šm‚ÉŒ¾–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚鑼‚ÌŒo‚ð’m‚ç‚È‚¢‚©‚ç‚Å‚ ‚é�B

‚±‚ê‚܂łɓú–{Œê‚ɖ󂳂ꂽ‚à‚Ì‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚邯�A–óŽÒ‚Ì�®—��®“Ú‚ª‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¨‚炸‚É“ï‰ð‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚½‚è�A’†�‘‘å�æ•§‹³—pŒê‚ÆŠT”O‚ðŽg‚Á‚½–ó‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½‚è�A‰pŒê‚©‚ç‚Ì–|–ó‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½‚è�A•\‘w“I‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½‚è‚·‚é‚à‚Ì‚ª‘½‚©‚Á‚½‚Ì‚Å�A‚±‚Ì–|–ó‚Í�d‘w“I‚ȈӖ¡‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð�à–¾‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Ç‚±‚ë‚ÉƒŠƒ“ƒN‚ð“\‚Á‚Ä�A‘½‘w“I‰ðŽß‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð’ñަ‚µ‚½�B

 

Œo“T‚ɂ͕¶Žš’Ê‚è‚ɓǂރŒƒxƒ‹�AƒAƒiƒ�ƒW�[‚Æ‚µ‚ēǂރŒƒxƒ‹�AˆÃšg‚Æ‚µ‚ēǂރŒƒxƒ‹�AáÒ‘z“IŠÏ�ƂƂ·‚郌ƒxƒ‹‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Å�AŒ´“T‚̃p�[ƒŠŒê‚̈Ӗ¡‚â�Aƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚Ì–{—ˆ‚̈Ӗ¡‚â’·”N‚ÌáÒ‘z‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄŠm”F‚³‚ê‚é‘ÌŠ´“I‰ðŽß‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚悤‚ÆŽŽ‚Ý‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

 

 

’N‚ª’N‚É‘—‚Á‚½ƒ�ƒbƒZ�[ƒW‚Ȃ̂©�H

Œ»‘ã�l‚ª—�‰ð‚·‚邽‚߂ɂ͉½‚ª•K—v‚Ȃ̂©�H

“–Žž‚̑̒²�AŽv�l�AŽv‘z�A�@�@�@—ì‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ‹“_�@�@—Ö‰ô

Œ»‘ã�l‚Ì–â‘è�@�@�@’mޝ�@‰ÈŠw�AŒÅ’èŠÏ”O�@

‚»‚Ì‚½‚߂ɂ͂ǂ¤‚·‚ê‚΂悢‚Ì‚©�H�@�€”õ�A‘Ì‘€�AŒÄ‹z–@

 

 

vaci‚Å‚àkāyasankhāra‚Å‚à�Aasōbhana cetasika‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邯�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª�u”M‚­‚È‚é�v‚Ü‚½‚Í�uƒXƒgƒŒƒX‚ª‚©‚©‚é�vŒXŒü‚ª‚ ‚é�iƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚Ì�uthāpa�v�j

ˆê•û�Asōbhana cetasika‚ªvaci‚Ü‚½‚Íkāyasankhāra‚Æ‚µ‚Ä”­�¶‚µ‚½�ê�‡�A”Þ‚ç‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�u—â‚â‚·�vŒXŒü‚ª‚ ‚é�B

‚±‚ÌŽ–ŽÀ‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ªSatipattana bhāvanā‚Ì‘O’ñ�ðŒ�‚Å‚ ‚é�B

What Are Kilesa (Mental Impurities)? – Connection to Cetasika‚É‚»‚Ì—�—R‚ð�Ú�ׂɋc˜_‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

‚Ü‚½Satipattana Sutta – Relevance to Suffering in This Life‚¨‚æ‚ÑSatipatthāna Sutta – Structure‚ªŽQ�l‚ɂȂé�B

 

 

 

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ƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚É�½ŽÀ‚È–ó‚Ȃ̂©�H“Ç‚Þ�l�A‚·‚Ȃ킿Œ»‘ã�l‚É—�‰ð‚³‚ê‚邽‚߂̖ó‚Ȃ̂©�H

Œ»‘ã�l‚½‚ß‚É�A‚»‚Ì�€”õ�AˆÓ–ó�A

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ƒXƒsƒŠƒbƒg‚ƈê‘̂ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚»‚ÌŽ‹“_‚©‚ç

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Namo Tassa

Bhagavato Arahato

Sammāsambuddhassa

 

namo | tassa | bhagavato | arahato | sammāsambuddhassā

homage | to him | the worthy one | without defilements | perfectly enlightened one

 

 

https://suttacentral.net/mn10/pli/ms

Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta

The Great Discourse on the Establishing of Awareness

Evaṃ me sutaṃ.

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi, �eBhikkhavo�f ti. �eBhaddante�f ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca:

evaṃ�F[adv.] thus�G in this way�G �iin reply�F�j yes.

me�F[dat�Dand gen�Dsing�Dof amha] to me�G my�G mine�D

suta�F[pp�Dof suṇāti] heard�Dlearning�G that which is hear

samaya�F[m�D] time�G congregation�G season�G

Viharati�C[vi+harati] to stay�Cabide�Cdwell

nigamo�F�@market town

nāma�F[nt�D] name�G �@having the name of

tatra�F[adv�D] there�G in that place

kho�F[ind�D] indeed�G really�G surely

āmantesi�Fcalled�G addressed�G invited

paccassosuṃ  �@�@Respectfully yours

pati+su+ṇā+uaṃ

pati-�Fpaṭi- pref�Dprep�D[Sk�Dprati-] ‘Î�C”½�C‹t�CŒü‚Á‚Ä�C‘΂µ‚Ä

su�F‡@ adv�D[=ssu�Cassu�Csi�Csudaṃ�Cassa]‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©�G ‚Ü‚³‚É�CŽÀ‚É

ṇa�@�@ Intelligence.

etadavoca �@�@�@�@�@�@spoke as follows

Thus have I heard:

At one time the Enlightened One was staying among the Kurus at Kammāsadhamma, a market town of the Kuru people. There the Enlightened One addressed the monks thus: "Monks,"1 and they replied, "Venerable Sir!" Then the Enlightened One spoke as follows:

‚±‚̂悤‚ÉŽ„‚Í’®‚¢‚½�B

 

ŠoŽÒƒuƒbƒ_‚ªƒNƒ‹�‘‚̃Jƒ“ƒ}�[ƒTƒbƒ_ƒ“ƒ}’¬‚É‘Ø�Ý‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚Ì‚ ‚é“ú�A�u�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚æ�v‚Æ�º‚ð‚©‚¯‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚ª�u‚Í‚¢�A‘¸ŽÒ‚æ�v‚ƕԎ–‚ð‚·‚é‚Æ�Aƒuƒbƒ_‚ÍŽŸ‚̂悤‚É�à‚«Žn‚ß‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

 

 

 

1. Uddeso

1. Introduction

Ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya, dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya, ñāyassa adhigamāya, nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā.

This is the one and only way, monks, for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the extinguishing of suffering and grief, for walking on the path of truth, for the realisation of nibbāna: that is to say, the fourfold establishing of awareness.2

ekāyana�F[m.] the only way or mean

ayaṃ�FThis

sattā�FExistence

Visuddhi[vi+suddhi] brightness�Csplendour�Cexcellency�G �iethically�j purity�Choliness

sokaparideva �@Anxiety and crying.

Samatikkama[saṁ+atikamma] passing beyond�Covercoming

Saṁ-�C�Ú“ªŽ«�@�@‹¤�C�W�C�‡�C�³�C“¯Žž�@�@�@Lt.con

atikara�F[adj�D] over-acting�D

domanassa�F'sad-mindedness'�Cgrief�C

i.e�Dmentally painful feeling

atthaṅgama�F[m�D] setting down�D

ñāya�F[m�D] method�G system�G right manner

adhigama�F[m.] attainment�G knowledge

sacchikiriyā�F[f�D] realisation�G experiencing�ì�Ø

yadidaṃ�F�iyaṃ + idaṃ�j which is this�G that is�G namely�D

 

 

 

Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye

kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya

loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī

viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke

abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī

sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ

Dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno

satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ.

 

kāye�F �Ý�gé“’†�i�A�g�j

kāya+anu+disa+ṇī�@�@Body + Art + Discipline.

anupassati�F[anu + dis + a] observes�G contemplates.

 

anu �@As pref.�F�ia�j General character. anu is freq. as modifying �idirectional�j element with well-defined meaning �i�galong�h�j�Cas such also as 1st component of pref.-cpds.�Ce. g. anu + ā �ianvā�‹�j�Canu + pra �ianuppa�‹�j�C+ pari�C+ vi�C+ saṁ. -- As base�Ci. e. 2nd part of a pref.-cpd. it is rare and only found in combn sam-anu�‹. The prefix saṁ is its nearest relation as modifying pref. The opp. of anu is paṭi and both are often found in one cpd. �icp. �‹loma�C�‹vāta�j. �ib�j Meanings. I. With verbs of motion�F�galong towards�h.

 

dis�C�iž�diw�j﹐�yŽš�ªVII.�z�Ú�×說–¾�ito expound�j

 

 

ātāpī�FArdent�Czealous�Cstrenuous�Cactive

�uTāpa�v‚Í”M‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�uātāpi�v‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚ç�u‰Î�vƒXƒgƒŒƒX‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«�A—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚é�B

sampajāno�FKnowing�Cunderstanding�Cconscious

satimā�FOf retentive memory or active mind�Cthoughtful�C

vineyya�F[abs�Dof vineti] having removed

�iadj�D�j fit to be trained�@�@ŒP—û

‹K—¥‚Ȃ̂©�A�í�œ‚Ȃ̂©�A‘Ý‚µŽØ‚è‚Ì‚ ‚é�¢ŠE‚Ȃ̂©�H

 

Abhijjhādomanassa�iabhijjhāæÃ—~+domanassa•s”@ˆÓ�j

vedanāsu�F �ÝŠ´Žó’†�i�AŠ´Žó�j

citte�F �@�@�Ý�S’†�i�A�S�j

dhammesu�F �Ý�”–@�i�S“I內ŠÜ�j’†�q�A–@�r

 

Sampajāna ‚Æ‚Í sanæÃáÑ’s+pajāna‘I•ʂ̂±‚ƂȂ̂Å�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ɃXƒgƒŒƒX‚ƃpƒ^�[ƒ“”Fޝ‚ð—^‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚é�usan�v‚ð‘I•Ê‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡�B

�usan�v‚Ì�ň«‚ÌŒ`‘Ô‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª–{”\“I‚É•s“¹“¿‚Å‚ ‚邯’m‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚̂ł·�B

‚»‚ê‚ç‚É‚Í�AŽEŠQ�A“�“ï�A•s“K�Ø‚È�«“I�sˆ×�A‰R�A“D�Œ‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

Sampajāna‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚Ì�ÅŒã‚ÌŒ¾—t‚Å‚ ‚é�u.. appamadēna sampādēta �v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u..‹}‚¢‚Åsan‚ð�®—�‚µ‚È‚³‚¢�v‚Ì�usampādēta�v‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

sampādēta‚Í�usan�v+�upādēta�v�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�usan�v‚ð�®—�‚µ‚È‚³‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡�B

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�uātāpī sampajānō�v‚Í�A�usan�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u•s“¹“¿‚ÈŒXŒü�v‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚ç‰Î‚Ü‚½‚Í”M‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�B�u•s“¹“¿‚ÈŒXŒü�v‚Í�ukilesa�v‚Æ�uasōbhana cētasika �v‚Æ“¯‹`Œê�B

 

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�l‚ª–]‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚ðŽè‚É“ü‚ê‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚Æ‚«�A�l‚Í—Ž‚¿�ž‚Ýdōmanassa‚ɂȂé�B

�S‚ª“®—h‚µ�AƒlƒKƒeƒBƒu‚É“{‚é‚Ì‚Í�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚ð‚à‚Á‚Ädōmanassa‚Ì�l‚¦•û‚Å�s“®‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚ß�B

�uVineyya lōke�v‚Æ‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‚¨ŒÝ‚¢‚É•‰�‚ð‰î‚µ‚Ä�u‚¨ŒÝ‚¢‚ªŒ‹‚т‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚ðŽw‚·�B

�usatimā�v‚Í�usati�v+�umā�v‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚Å�umā�v‚Í�í�œ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚邪�Asati‚Ì�í�œ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é‚̂ł͂Ȃ­�AŒã‚Ì‹å‚Ì“à—e‚ð�í�œ�A‚·‚Ȃ킿‰ð•ú‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

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‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�usati mā  vineyyalōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Í�A‘Ý‚µŽØ‚è‚É–ž‚¿‚½�¢ŠE‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê�Aabhijjā​​‚Ædōmanassa‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê‚邽‚ß‚É�A�S‚Ì—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚½ˆÀ‚炬‚Ì‚ ‚é�l‚¦•û‚Æ�s“®‚ðŠm—§‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�B

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‚»‚ê‚Í�i�¶‚«‚Æ‚µ�¶‚¯‚é‚à‚Ì‚ª�ò‚ç‚©‚ɂȂé�j‹P‚­“¹‚Å‚·�B

•sˆÀ‚Æ’Q‚«‚ð�æ‚è‰z‚¦�A“÷‘̂̋ꂵ‚Ý‚Æ�S‚̋ꂵ‚Ý‚ð’âŽ~‚³‚¹‚é‚à‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�i’qŒd‚Ì�j•û–@‚ð‰ï“¾‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�Aƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi�iŸ¸žÏ�j‚ð‘ÌŠ´‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚‚܂è�i‚±‚̈ê–{“¹‚Æ‚Í�jŽl‚‚̃TƒeƒB�Eƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

‰ð�à�j

satipaṭṭhānā�isati‹C‚«�{paṭṭhānāŠm—§�j‚Æ‚Í

‹C‚«‘±‚¯‚é•û–@‚ðŠm—§‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

 

 

 

 

Which four? Here, monks, a monk dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing body in body, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing sensations in sensations, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of

impermanence, observing mind in mind, having

removed craving and aversion towards the world

[of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with

awareness and constant thorough

understanding of impermanence, observing

mental contents in mental contents, having

removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter].

 

‚±‚ÌŽl‚‚Ƃ͉½‚©�H�i�g‘̂Ɗ´Šo‚Æ�S‚Æ�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Å‚·�j

�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚æ�A‚»‚ê‚Í�g‘Ì‚ð�g‘̂Ƃµ‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Ƃł·�B�iŠw�K‚µ‚½�jæÃ—~‚ÆŒ™ˆ«‚̃pƒ^�[ƒ“‚Ì�¢ŠE�iƒAƒvƒŠƒP�[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“�AŽ©“®”½‰ž‰ñ˜H�j‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚悤‚É‹C‚«‘±‚¯‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É”­�¶‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é”M‚ðŽæ‚è‹Ž‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

�i“¯—l‚É�j

Š´Šo ‚ÍŠ´Šo‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

�S‚Í�S‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

�S‚Ì’†–¡ ‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

 

�iæÃáÑᗂɃXƒ|ƒbƒgƒ‰ƒCƒg‚𓖂ĂĂ悭—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�A

Šw�K‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ăł«‚½ƒAƒvƒŠƒP�[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÍŽÀ‘̂̂ ‚é‚à‚̂ł͂Ȃ¢‚±‚Æ‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚Ä�A‘Ì‚àŠ´Šo‚à�S‚à�S‚Ì’†–¡‚à•s•ς̎À‘̂ł͂Ȃ¢‚±‚Æ‚ð‘ÌŠ´‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B�j

�i�g‘Ì‚Í�A�u‚킽‚µ�v‚ł͂Ȃ­�A�u‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚Ì�v‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚½‚¾‚̕ω»‚µ‘±‚¯‚éƒJƒ^ƒ`‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚«‚¿‚ñ‚Æ—�‰ð‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŽ@’m‚µ‘±‚¯‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚É”½‰ž‚µ‚½‚获’˜‚·‚邱‚Æ‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚Å�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚ÌæÃ—~‚â—J‚¢‚ð‰“‚´‚¯‚é‚̂ł·�B�j

�i�^‰ä‚Æ‚±‚̉F’ˆ‚̃Gƒlƒ‹ƒM�[‚𕪕ʂ·‚邱‚Æ‚ÅæÃáÑá—‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é�j

 

 

‹^–â

ātāpī�@�@�@�@�@”M—ó‚ÉorƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“

sampajāno�@�@�@‹C‚«‘±‚¯‚é�@or�@æÃáÑá—‚ð‘I•Ê‚·‚é�A

satimā�@�@�@�@māˆÈ‰º‚ðmā�i�í�œ‚·‚邱‚Æ�j‚ð‹C‚­

or‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�H

vineyya�@loke Žæ‚è�œ‚­�¢ŠEor‘Ý‚µŽØ‚è‚Ì�¢ŠE

or�ì‚ç‚ꂽ�iŒP—û‚³‚ꂽ�j‰ñ˜H�i�¢ŠE�j

abhijjhādomanassaṃ�@æÃ—~‚ÆŒ™ˆ«�@or

—Ž‚¿�ž‚ñ‚¾ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‹É’[‚ÈæÃ—~

 

ātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhādōmanassam‚Æ‚Í�A�ukilesa‚·‚Ȃ킿‰˜‚ê‚ð”Fޝ‚µ�A—Ž‚¿�ž‚ñ‚¾ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh�idōmanassa�j‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‹É’[‚ÈæÃ—~�iabhijjā�j‚ð‹K—¥�ivineyya�j‚ð’Ê‚µ‚ÄŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì’†‚Ì”M‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­�iātāpī�j‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�B

‚±‚ꂪSatipaṭṭhāna‚Æānāpāna bhāvanā‚Ì—¼•û‚ÌŒ®‚ƂȂé�B

Satipaṭṭhāna sutta‚ÌŽc‚è‚Ì•”•ª‚Å�A‚±‚Ì–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é•û–@‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

 

cf.�@ƒTƒ“ƒXƒNƒŠƒbƒgŒê‚Ìtapa‚Í‹ê�s

 

 

2. Kāyānupassanā

2. The Observation of Body

A. Ānāpānapabbaṃ

A. Section on Respiration

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati?

And how, monks, does a monk dwell observing body in body?

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato

vā suññāgāragato vā nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā, ujuṃ

kāyaṃ paṇidhāya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So

sato va assasati, sato va passasati. Dīghaṃ vā

assasanto �edīghaṃ assasāmī�f ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā

passasanto �edīghaṃ passasāmī�f ti pajānāti. Rassaṃ vā

assasanto �erassaṃ assasāmī�f ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā

passasanto �erassaṃ passasāmī�f ti pajānāti.

�eSabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī�f ti sikkhati,

sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī�f ti sikkhati

�ePassambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī�f ti

sikkhati, �epassambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ

passasissāmī�f ti sikkhati.

 

pabbaṃ�FA knot or joint in a branch or creeper�C

kathaṃ�F[adv�D] how?

kathaṃkathā�Gdoubt

araññagata�F[arañña+gata] [adj�D] gone to a forest

vā�C�iparticle of disjunction�j�Cor�G either- or

rukkhamūlagata�@«rukkhamūla+gata]

rukkhamūla�F[nt�D] the foot of a tree

gata [pp.of gacchati in medio-reflexive function] gone

suññāgāra(a quiet place)gata(gone,close to)

nisīdati�F[ni + sad + a] sits down

Pallaṅka[pary+aṅka] a sofa�G a coach�Asitting cross-legged

aṅka�Fm. [�V] �˜�C‹¹�C˜e.

ābhujitvā «ā+bhuja+tvā»�i1�j Bend. Formed �i2�j With heart

bhuja�F[m�D] the hand�D�iadj�D�j�Ccrooked; bending�@‘«‚ð‘g‚Þ

ujuṃ�F[adv�D] straightly�D

paṇidhāya[pa+ni+dhā+ṇa]having aspire to�Ghaving the intention of

parimukhaṃ�FIn front�Cbefore

sati�F[f�D] memory�G mindfulness�D

upaṭṭhapetvā «upa+ṭhā+ṇāpe+tvā»�@An established

[Law + Department + Administration]

Upa-�C[Vedic upa�GGr�Du�GLat�Dsub�G Goth�Duf under & on�G E�Dup�G Oir�Dfo under�D

usually with the idea of approach from below or rest on top�Con�Cupon�Cup�Cby�D

ṭhā�C�iž�sthā�j﹐�yŽš�ªI�D�z’â—¯�ito stay�j�Câ‹’˜�ito stand�j

ṇāyati= jānāti�F[ñā + nā] knows�G finds out�G to be aware

 

so�F       He�G this�G that

sato      Recollecting�Cmindful�Cattentive�Cthoughtful�C

assasati�F[ā + sas + a] breathes; inhales

passasati�F[pa + sas + a] breathes out�D

“ü‘§‚·�C[–{—ˆ‚Í�i�o‘§‚·�j

Dīghaṃ     Long time no see�H    Dīgha’·‚³

assasanta  [ā+sasa+a+anta]�@ exhale

assasālā�F[f�D] stable�D

ti �@�@the apostrophe form of iti�Cthus�D

pajānāti�F[pa +ñā + nā] knows clearly

passasanta�F[pr�Dp�Dof passasati] breathing out

rassa�F[adj�D] short�G dwarfish�G stunted

Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī �@sabba+kaya+paṭi+saṃ+vedī

ƒSƒGƒ“ƒJŽ�‰ðŽß�u‚‚Ü�æ‚©‚瓪‚Ì’¸“_‚Ü‚Å‚ðŠ´‚¶‚éˆêŒÄ‹z�v

sabba�F[adj�D] all�G every�G whole�G entire�D

paṭisaṃvedī�F[m�D] one who feels�Gexperiences�G suffers or enjoys

[pati+saṃ+vida+ṇī]

paṭi-�Cpati-�C�iž� prati�j�C�yŽšŽñ�z‹t�C‘Š”½�C‰ñ�C”½›”

vida�@wisdom, contemplation, to gain toward light&being

sabbakāyappaṭisaṃvedī�@ I know all the breaths.

sikkhati�F[sikkh + a] learns�G trains oneself�G practises�D

kāyasaṅkhāra�F[m�D] substratumŠî‘wof the body�D

bodily function�Ci�De�Din-and-out-breathing �ie�Dg�DM�D10�j

passambhaya�F Ž~�AˆÀèÎ

passambhati�F[pa + sabh + a] calms down�G is quiet

 

 

Here a monk, having gone into the forest, or to the foot of a tree, or to an empty room, sits

down cross-legged, keeps his body upright and

fixes his awareness in the area around the

mouth. With this awareness, he breathes in, with

this awareness, he breathes out. Breathing in a

deep breath, he understands properly "I am

breathing in a deep breath." Breathing out a

deep breath, he understands properly: "I am

breathing out a deep breath." Breathing in a

shallow breath, he understands properly: "I am

breathing in a shallow breath." Breathing out a

shallow breath, he understands properly: "I am

breathing out a shallow breath." In this way he trains himself: "Feeling the whole body, I shall

breathe in." "Feeling the whole body, I shall

breathe out," thus he trains himself. "With the

bodily activities calmed, I shall breathe in," thus he trains himself. "With the bodily activities

calmed, I shall breathe out," thus he trains

himself.

 

1. ‘§‚ð“f‚­�E‘§‚ð‹z‚¤ 

‚Å‚Í�A�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚æ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�g‘Ì‚ð�g‘̂Ƃµ‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚é‚̂łµ‚傤‚©�H

�X‚©�AŽ÷‚̉º‚©�A�©‚È�ê�Š‚É�s‚«�A�À•z’c‚Ì�ã‚Å‹r‚ð‘g‚Ý�A‘Ì‚ð‚Ü‚Á‚·‚®‚É�L‚΂·‚悤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�[‚¢‹C‚«‚ð‘Î�Û‚ÉŒü‚¯‚é—û�K‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�i‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�jŒ¤‚¬�Ÿ‚Ü‚³‚ꂽ�[‚¢‹C‚«‚ð‚à‚Á‚Ä�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�A‘§‚ð“f‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�B

‘§‚ð’·‚­‹z‚¤Žž‚É‚Í�u’·‚­‹z‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚±‚Ƃɂ¿‚á‚ñ‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‘§‚ð’·‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í�u’·‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‘§‚ð’Z‚­‹z‚¤Žž‚É‚Í�u’Z‚­‹z‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‘§‚ð’Z‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í�u’Z‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�uŸ†‚ª–ž‚¿‚½�g‘Ì‘S‘Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚È‚ª‚ç�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¤�v‚悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�@

(�g‘Ì‘S‘̂ƂȂÁ‚ÄŒ°Œ»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éƒXƒsƒŠƒbƒg�i�^‰ä�j‚Æ�°‚ðŠ´‚¶‚邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç‘§‚ð‹z‚¤‚悤‚É‚µ‚Ă݂é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ)

�uŸ†‚ª–ž‚¿‚½�g‘Ì‘S‘Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚È‚ª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¤�vŽÀ‘H‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�i“ü‚Á‚Ä‚­‚é‹z‚Æ�o‚Ä‚¢‚­ŒÄ‚ð’Á‚߂邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�_‚ç‚©‚­�©‚É�­‚µ�¬‚³‚­‘§‚ð‹z‚¤—û�K‚ð‚·‚é�j

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚­�vŽÀ‘H‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚̂悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�@

(�g‘Ì‘S‘̂ƂȂÁ‚ÄŒ°Œ»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éƒXƒsƒŠƒbƒg�i�^‰ä‚Æ�°�j‚ðŠ´‚¶‚邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç‘§‚ð‹z‚¤‚悤‚É‚µ‚Ă݂é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ)

�uŸ†‚ª–ž‚¿‚½�g‘Ì‘S‘Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚È‚ª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚±‚¤�v

‚±‚̂悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¤�v‚±‚ê‚ðŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�i“ü‚Á‚Ä‚­‚é‹z‚Æ�o‚Ä‚¢‚­ŒÄ‚ð’Á‚߂邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�©‚É�­‚µ‘§‚ð‹z‚¤—û�K‚ð‚·‚é�j

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚±‚ê‚ðŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

.

 

’�Žß

�ugatō vā�v‚Í�u—�‰ð‚·‚é�i’†‚É“ü‚é�j�v‚¾‚ª�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚Í�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð’è‚ß‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

Aranna‚Í�X�i‚Ü‚½‚Í�X‚Ì�C“¹‰@�j‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚邪�A‰B‚³‚ꂽˆÓ–¡‚Í�urana�v‚É—R—ˆ‚·‚é�u�퓬�A‹£‘ˆ�A”äŠr�v‚Ȃ̂Å�uA+ranna�v‚Í�퓬‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uaranna gatō vā�v‚Í�u“ú�í‚Ì”äŠr‚·‚é�Kе‚𗣂ê‚Ä�A—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚½’è‚ß‚½�l‚¦•û‚É“ü‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�urukkha�v‚Í�u–Ø�v�A�umūla�v‚Í�u�ª�v‚Å‚·�B–Ø‚Ì�ã‚Í•—‚É—h‚ê‚邪�A�ªŒ³‚ɋ߂¢–؂̊²‚͈À’肵‚Ä‚¢‚é�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�urukkhamūla gatō vā�v‚Í�A�uˆÀ’肵‚½�l‚¦•û‚É“ž’B‚·‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

ŽŸ‚É�Asunnāgāra‚Í‹ó‚ÌŒš•¨‚Ü‚½‚Í•”‰®‚¾‚ª�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Í�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ÍæÃ—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�A‚»‚µ‚Ä–³’m‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‹ó‚Å‚ ‚é‚ׂ«‚¾‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚̂悤‚È�l‚¦‚ª“ª‚É•‚‚©‚Ô‚È‚ç‚Ε¥�@‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

�unisidati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā�v‚Í�u‚ ‚®‚ç‚ð‚©‚¢‚Ä�À‚é�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚邪�AƒL�[ƒ��[ƒh‚Í�A�upall�v‚Æ�uanka�v‚Å�upalla�iŒ¸‚ç‚·�j + anka�i�”�j�v‚Í•¶Žš’Ê‚è‚É‚Í�u�”�iratio•ªŠ„�j‚ðŒ¸‚ç‚·�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u—��«‚É�d—v�«‚ð—^‚¦‚È‚¢�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�unisidati pallankaṃābhujitvā�v‚Í�A�u�T‚¦‚߂ɂ·‚é�v‚ƂƂł ‚è�A�u—DˆÊ�«�v‚ÌŠ´Šo‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�uujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya�v‚Í�u‘̂𒼗§‚ð•Û‚Â�v‚Æ–|–󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚Í�A‚»‚ê‚Í�u‚Ü‚Á‚·‚®‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u—¦’¼�v‚Å�u�³’¼�v‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð•\‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

�uparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�v‚ÍSatipaṭṭhāna‚ÌŒ®‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A•¶Žš’Ê‚è‚Å‚Í�uŒû‚ÌŽü‚è‚Ɉӎ¯‚ðŒÅ’è‚·‚é�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚©‚µŽÀ�ۂɈӖ¡‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í�AŽå‚ȃIƒuƒWƒFƒNƒg�i�umukkha nimitta�v‚ƌĂ΂ê‚é�j�A‚‚܂è�uNibbāna�v‚·‚Ȃ킿ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ucooling down�v‚É—¯‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B

‚±‚±‚Å‚Ì�uPari�v‚Í�uŠ®‘S‚È�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u�\•ª‚È�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�v‚Æ‚Í�AŽå‚È–Ú•W‚Å‚ ‚éNibbāna‚É�W’†‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�A4‚‚̎p�¨‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä‚àáÒ‘zŽÒ‚É•K—v‚È�l‚¦•û‚Å‚·�B

 

 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho bhamakāro vā

bhamakārantevāsī vā dīghaṃ vā añchanto �edīghaṃ

añchāmī�f ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā añchanto �erassaṃ

añchāmī�f ti pajānāti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu

dīghaṃ vā assasanto �edīghaṃ assasāmī�f ti pajānāti,

dīghaṃ vā passasanto �edīghaṃ passasāmī�f ti pajānāti,

rassaṃ vā assasanto �erassaṃ assasāmī�f ti pajānāti,

rassaṃ vā passasanto �erassaṃ passasāmī�f ti pajānāti

�eSabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī�f ti sikkhati

�esabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī�f ti sikkhati,

�epassambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī�f ti

sikkhati, �epassambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ

passasissāmī�f ti sikkhati.

 

 

 

Seyyathāpi�F[ind�D] just as�D

dakkho �@�FClever�Cskilful

bhamakāra�F[m�D] a turner�D

bhamakārantevāsī [bhamakāra+antevāsī] A pupil

añchanto [añcha+anta]

añch�C�f�o�ito draw�j�C�L“W�ito stretch�j

anta�F[m.] the end�G goal�G top. nt. intestine.

añchāmī�f

evameva�FIn this very way�Ceven thus

kho�F[ind�D] indeed�G really�G surely�G

 

 

Just as a skilful turner or a turner�fs apprentice, while making a long turn understands properly: "I am making a long turn," and while making a short turn, understands properly: "I am making a short turn," just so, the monk, breathing in a deep breath, understands properly: "I am breathing in a deep breath." Breathing in a shallow breath, he understands properly: "I am breathing in a shallow breath." Breathing out a deep breath, he understands properly: "I am breathing out a deep breath." Breathing out a shallow breath, he understands properly: "I am breathing out a shallow breath." In this way he trains himself: "Feeling the whole body, I shall breathe in." "Feeling the whole body, I shall breathe out," thus he trains himself. "With the bodily activities calmed, I shall breathe in," thus he trains himself. "With the bodily activities calmed, I shall breathe out," thus he trains himself.

 

�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚æ�A

�n—û‚Ìç{ç‚ �i‚ë‚­‚ë�j � �A‚»‚µ‚Ä‚»‚Ì’íŽq‚É‚µ‚Ä‚à�Aç{ç‚ �i‚ë‚­‚ë�j ‚Ì•R‚ð’·‚­ˆø‚­Žž‚É‚Í �u’·‚­ˆø‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v�@‚±‚Æ‚ð”cˆ¬‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B’Z‚­ˆø‚­Žž‚É‚Í�u’Z‚­ˆø‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ”cˆ¬‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚̂悤‚É�A�C�sŽÒ‚à‘§‚ð’·‚­‹z‚¤Žž‚É‚Í�u’·‚­‹z‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ð”cˆ¬‚µ�A‘§‚ð’·‚­“f‚­Žž‚É‚Í �u’·‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ”cˆ¬‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‘§‚ð’Z‚­‹z‚¤Žž‚É‚Í�u’Z‚­‹z‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ�A‘§‚ð’Z‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í �u’Z‚­“f‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

�uŸ†‚ª–ž‚¿‚½�g‘Ì‘S‘Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚È‚ª‚ç�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¤�v‚悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�@

(�g‘Ì‘S‘̂ƂȂÁ‚ÄŒ°Œ»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éƒXƒsƒŠƒbƒg�i�^‰ä‚Æ�°�j‚ðŠ´‚¶‚邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç‘§‚ð‹z‚¤‚悤‚É‚µ‚Ă݂é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ)

�uŸ†‚ª–ž‚¿‚½�g‘Ì‘S‘Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚È‚ª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚悤‚ÉŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð‹z‚¤�vŽÀ‘H‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�i“ü‚Á‚Ä‚­‚é‹z‚Æ�o‚Ä‚¢‚­ŒÄ‚ð’Á‚߂邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�_‚ç‚©‚­�©‚É�­‚µ�¬‚³‚­‘§‚ð‹z‚¤—û�K‚ð‚·‚é�j

�u‘̂̋@”\‚ð�Â߂Ȃª‚ç�A‘§‚ð“f‚­�vŽÀ‘H‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā

kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye

kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā

kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā

hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito

ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho,

bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

ajjhattaṃ�F[adv.] inwardly.

ajjhatta�F[adj.] personal�G connected with the self

bahiddhā�F[ind�D] outside; outer�D

ajjhattabahiddhā

samudayadhammānupassī   I notice what happens

samudaya�F[m�D] rise�G origin�G produce�D

kāyasmiṃ�F �Ý�gé“’†�i�A�g�j

vayadhammānupassī        I notice what goes away

atthi�FTo be�Cto exist

Panassa�C�ipanaˆ½–”+assa”Þ�i—z�Dšd�D›¢Ši�j�j

paccupaṭṭhita�F[pp�Dof paccupaṭṭhāti] was present

hoti�F[hū + a] to be�G exists.       = bhavati

yāvadeva�F á¶�c�A‘ü—vAs long as it lasts, if only

ñāṇamattāya�Ffor the purpose of knowledge�D

paṭissatimattāya Repeatedly: the length of mindfulness.

Paṭissati [paṭi+sati] mindfulness�Cremembrance�Cmemory

mattā     a measure�G quantity�G moderation�G size

anissito    no+ dependent on

ca   �Fand; then; now�D

na      �F[ind�D] �inegative particle�j�Cno�G not�D

kiñci�F[ind�D] something�DA little�Crather

upādiyati�F[upa + ā + dā + ya] grasps

evaṃ�F[adv.] thus�G in this way�G �iin reply�F�j yes.

pi�F�ithe enclitic form of api�j also�Fand also�G even so�G but�G however�G probably�G perhaps�D

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�A�g‘Ì‚Ì“à‘¤‚ðŠ´’m‚µ�A�g‘̂̊O‘¤‚ðŠ´’m‚µ�A�g‘Ì‚Ì“à‘¤‚ÆŠO‘¤‚Ì—¼•û‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´’m‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�g‘̂Ɍ»‚ê‚銴Šo‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚©‚ç�Á–Å‚·‚銴Šo‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�g‘̂ɎÀ�Û‚ÉŒ»‚ê�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚­‚à‚Ì‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚¤‚µ‚Ä�u‚±‚ꂪ�g‘̂ł ‚é�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‹C‚«‚ªŠm—§‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚̂悤‚È‹C‚«‚ɂƂà‚È‚Á‚Ä—�‰ð‚à�[‚Ü‚è�A�g‘̗̂�‰ð‚ªŠg‚ª‚è�A�g‘̂̋C‚«‚Í�[‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚¤‚µ‚Ä�i�S‚Æ•¨Ž¿‚Æ‚¢‚¤�j‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì‚ ‚è•û‚ÉŽ·’˜‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚È‚­�AŽ·’˜‚©‚ç—£’E‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚«‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚ꂪ�g‘Ì‚ð�g‘̂Ƃµ‚ÄŠñ‚è“Y‚¤•û–@‚Å‚·�B

�i‚‚܂è�g‘Ì‚ð�uŽ©•ª�v‚Æ‚·‚é‚̂ł͂Ȃ­�A‚½‚¾‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃµ‚Ä‚¨•t‚«�‡‚¢‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚½‚©‚ª�g‘Ì‚³‚ê‚Ç�g‘̂Ƃµ‚Ăł·�B

�g‘͎̂©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­Ž©•ª‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚Å‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�A‚ƂĂà‘厖‚È‚à‚̂Ƃµ‚Ăł·�B�j

B. Iriyāpathapabbaṃ

B. Section on Postures

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gacchanto vā

�egacchāmī�f ti pajānāti, ṭhito vā �eṭhitomhī�f ti pajānāti,

nisinno vā �enisinnomhī�f ti pajānāti, sayāno vā

�esayānomhī�f ti pajānāti. Yathā yathā vā panassa kayo

paṇihito hoti, tathā tathā naṃ pajānāti.

 

 

puna�F[ind�D] again�D

caparaṃ

gacchanto

gacchanta�F[pr.p�Dof gacchati] going�G moving�G walking

gacchāmī�@�@I walk

pajānāti�F[pa +ñā + nā] knows clearly�D

ṭhito  ṭhitomhī     stand

nisinno�Fnisinnomhī   Seating�G settling�Cperched

sayāno  sayānomhī�@sayāna�C�iadj�D�j sleeping�G lying down�D

yathā�Fas�Gaccording to�G in whatever way�G just as

panassa

panassati�F[pa+nas+ya] is lost�G disappears�G goes to ruin�D

kayo�F�@kaya‚Ì‘®Ši

paṇihito�FResolved�Cdetermined�Cintent

tathā�Cpi �F[ind�D] even so�G but�D

naṃ=kathaṃ nu     nu�FNow�Cpray!

 

 

Again, monks, a monk while he is walking, understands properly: "I am walking"; while he is standing, he understands properly: "I am standing"; while he is sitting, he understands properly: "I am sitting"; while he is lying down, he understands properly: "I am lying down." In whichever position he disposes his body, he understands it properly.

 

’†ƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒXŒêdisposer‚æ‚è(dis-—£‚ê‚Ä�{pRnere’u‚­�j

 

 

B�@ •à‚­�E—§‚Â�E�À‚é�E‰¡‚½‚í‚é �@

�Ä‚Ñ�C�sŽÒ‚½‚¿‚æ�A

•à‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í �u•à‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‚¿‚á‚ñ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�B

—§‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í �u—§‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‚¿‚á‚ñ‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�B

�À‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í �u�À‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‚¿‚á‚ñ‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�B

‰¡‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í �u‰¡‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚Æ‚¿‚á‚ñ‚Æ‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�B

‚‚܂è�AŽ©•ª‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©‚ð‚¿‚á‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā

kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye

kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā

kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā

hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito

ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho,

bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

bahiddhā�F[ind�D] outside; outer�D

ajjhattabahiddhā    inside&outside

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�A�g‘Ì‚Ì“à‘¤‚ðŠ´’m‚µ�A�g‘̂̊O‘¤‚ðŠ´’m‚µ�A�g‘Ì‚Ì“à‘¤‚ÆŠO‘¤‚Ì—¼•û‚ð‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´’m‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘̂Ɍ»‚ê‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

�i‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚̉½‚©�A‚»‚µ‚ĉ½‚©‚ª‘̂ɃJƒ^ƒ`‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŒ»‚ê‚é�uŠÔ‚É‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ�j

�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�AŒ´ˆö‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

 

 

 

 

C. Sampajānapabbaṃ

C. Section on Constant Thorough Understanding of Impermanence

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti,11 ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti.

 

 

caparaṃ

abhikkanta�F[pp.abhikkamati] gone forward�Gpast�Gmost pleasant.

paṭikkanta�F[pp. paṭikkamati] stepped backwards�G gone back or aside

sampajānakārī�F[3] mindful�D

ālokita�F[pp.āloketi] looked at or before.looking at or forward

vilokita�F[pp�Dof viloketi] looked at�G inspected�D

samiñjita �@�@ Bending

pasārita�F[pp�Dof pasāreti] stretched out�D

saṅghāṭi�F f�D] the upper robe of a Buddhist monk�D

pattacīvaradhāraṇe    [pattacīvara�irobe�j+dhāraṇa (Wear) ]

asita�F�ina + sita�jblack�D�int�D�j 1�Dfood; 2�Da sickle�D

�ipp�Dof asati or asnāti�F�j eaten�D

pīta�F[pp�Dof pivati] drunk�D�iadj�D�j yellow

khāyita�F[adj�D] eaten up  

khādita�F[pp�Dof khādati] eaten�G bitten�G consumed

sāyita�F[pp�Dof sāyati] tasted  

sampajānakārī�F[3] mindful

uccārapassāvakamme�@ uccāra‘å•Ö+passāva�¬•Ö+kamma�sˆ×

gate �@ gati�F[f.] going

ṭhita�F[pp�Dof tiṭṭhati] stood�G stayed

nisinna�F[pp�Dof nisīdati] sat down  

sutta�F[pp�Dof supati] slept�G dormant�G asleep

Jāgarita�C�int�D�j [pp�Dof jāgarti] waking

bhāsita�F[pp�Dof bhāsati] said; spoken

tuṇhībhāva�F[m�D] silence

 

 

 

 

 

Again, monks, a monk, while going forward or backward, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence;11 whether he is looking straight ahead or looking sideways, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; while he is bending or stretching, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether wearing his robes or carrying his bowl, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether he is eating, drinking, chewing or savouring, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; while attending to the calls of nature, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether he is walking, standing, sitting, sleeping or waking, speaking or in silence, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence.

 

C. ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃ̎©Šo �@

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�A�o‚Ä‚¢‚­Žž‚à–߂鎞‚à�A‰½‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä�s“®‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‘O‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚à�A‚Ç‚±‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚à�A‰½‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚ÄŒ©‚Ü‚·�B

Žè‘«‚ð‹È‚°‚鎞‚à�A�L‚΂·Žž‚à�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚ċȂ°‚½‚è�L‚΂µ‚½‚肵‚Ü‚·�B

‘‚Ì”«‚ðŽ�‚ÂŽž‚à�A‘mˆß‚ð�g‚É’…‚¯‚鎞‚à�A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�H‚ׂ鎞‚à�Aˆù‚ÞŽž‚à�AŠš‚ÞŽž‚à�A–¡‚í‚¤Žž‚à�A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�¬•Ö‚ð‚·‚éŽž‚à�A‘å•Ö‚ð‚·‚éŽž‚à�A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ü‚·�B•à‚­Žž‚à�A—§‚ÂŽž‚à�A�À‚鎞‚à�A�Q“ü‚鎞‚à�A–ÚŠo‚߂鎞‚à�A˜b‚·Žž‚à�A–Ù‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚à�A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚«‚¿‚ñ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ä‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪ�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

 

 

 

 

 

D. Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ

D. Section on Reflections on Repulsiveness

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ, uddhaṃ pādatalā adho kesamatthakā, tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati: �eAtthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā muttaṃ�f ti.

 

imameva

uddhaṃ

ādatalā adho kesamatthakā

tacapariyantaṃ

pūraṃ

nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati:

�eAtthi imasmiṃ kāye

kesā �@”¯

lomā �@–Ñ

nakhā �@’Ü

dantā�@Ž•

taco ”畆

ṃsaṃ ‹Ø

hāru

aṭṭhi �@�œ

aṭṭhimiñjaṃ �@�œ�‘

vakkaṃ�FThe kidney�t‘Ÿ

hadayaṃ�S‘Ÿ

yakanaṃ ŠÌ‘Ÿ

kilomakaṃ˜]–Œ

pihakaṃäB‘Ÿ

papphāsaṃ”x

antaṃ’°

antaguṇaṃ’°ŠÔ–Œ

udariyaṃ ˆÝ�@�@�@

karīsaṃ •³•Ö

pittaṃ’_�`

semhaṃá‚

pubbo”^�@

sedo�@о

lohitaṃŒŒ

medoŒÅŒ`މ–b

assu—Ü

vasā‰t‘ÌŽ‰

kheḷo‘Á‰t

siṅghāṇikā”S‰t

lasikāŠŠ‰t

muttaṃ”A

 

Again, monks, a monk reflects on this very body, that is covered with skin and full of impurities of all kinds from the soles of the feet upwards and from the hair of the head downwards, considering thus: "In this body, there are hairs of the head, hairs of the skin, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, marrow, kidney, heart, liver, pleura, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, stomach with its contents, faeces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, nasal mucus, synovial fluid and urine."

 

D. •s�ò‚ÌŠÏ‘z

‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‘«‚Ì— ‚©‚ç�ã‚Ö‚Æ�A”¯‚Ì–Ñ‚Ì�æ‚©‚牺‚Ö‚Æ�A”畆‚É•¢‚í‚ꂳ‚Ü‚´‚܂ȕs�ò•¨‚Å‚¢‚Á‚Ï‚¢‚Ì‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ð‚¶‚Á‚­‚è‚ÆŠÏ‘z‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�u‚±‚Ì�g‘̂ɂÍ�A”¯�A–Ñ�A’Ü�AŽ•�A”畆�A“÷�A‹Ø�A�œ�A�œ�‘�A�t‘Ÿ�A�S‘Ÿ�AŠÌ‘Ÿ�A˜]–Œ�AäB‘Ÿ�A”x�A’°�A’°ŠÔ–Œ�A�A�A”]�A’_�`�Aá‚�A”^�AŒŒ�Aо�AŒÅŒ`މ–b�A—Ü�A‰t‘ÌŽ‰�A‘Á‰t�A”S‰t�AŠŠ‰t�A”A‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ubhatomukhā putoḷi pūrā

nānāvihitassa dhaññassa, seyyathidaṃ sālīnaṃ vīhīnaṃ

muggānaṃ māsānaṃ tilānaṃ taṇḍulānaṃ. Tamenaṃ

cakkhumā puriso muñcitvā paccavekkheyya: �eIme sālī

ime vīhī, ime muggā, ime māsā, ime tilā, ime taṇḍulā�f ti;

evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ,

uddhaṃ pādatalā adho kesamatthakā, tacapariyantaṃ

pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati: �eAtthi

imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ

nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ

kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ

udariyaṃ karīsaṃ pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo

medo assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā muttaṃ�f ti.

 

Seyyathāpi�@�@ just as�D

ubhato�F[ind�D] in both ways or sides

omukhā

mukka�F[pp�Dof omuñcati] cast off�G undresse

putoḷi �@�@ sack

pūra�@ full�G full of

nānāvihita�F[adj�D] various�D

dhañña�F[nt.] grain�G corn

seyyathidaṃ What is this parable? Here are some tips:

Sālīna�C�iadj�D�j [fr�Dsāli] fine �irice�j

vīhīnaṃ�@�@ vīhi�Fm�D[Sk�Dvrīhi] •Ä�Cˆî

muggānaṃ �@mugga�F[m�D] green peas�D

māsānaṃ �@ māsa�FPhaseolus Indica�@‚¢‚ñ‚°‚ñ“¤

tilānaṃ �@�@tila�F[nt�D] the sesamum seed�D

taṇḍulānaṃ�@ taṇḍula�F[nt�D] rice-grain�D

Tamenaṃ

cakkhumā Having sight�Chaving supernatural insight or wisdom

puriso�FA man�G a male�G a person�Cindividual�G an attendant  

muñcitvā�F[abs�Dof muñcati] [muca+a+tvā]

having released�G having loosened�G having delivered�G having sent off�G having emited�G having given up�D

paccavekkheyya [patiŒü‚©‚¤+ava‰º+ikkha”Fޝ+a”Û’è+eyya]

 

To see It should be considered over and over again

�eIme

ime     this / these  Žwަ‘ã–¼ŽŒ�@�@�@�@�@�@���Hayaṃ

evameva�FIn this very way�Ceven thus

imameva

uddhaṃ�FUpwards�G up�G above�G after

pādatalā �@�@the sole of the foo

adho�F[ind.] under�G below.

kesamatthakā [kesa”¯+matthaka“ª]

tacapariyantaṃ [taca”畆+pariyanta‹«]�@border of skin

Pūra�C�iadj�D�j full�G full of

nānappakārassa [nana  different, various  +pakāra   method]

asucino

Asuci�C�iadj�D�j [a + suci] not clean�Cimpure�Cunclean

paccavekkhati�F[pati + ava + ikkh + a] considers�Gcontemplates

 

 

 

 

 

Just as if there were a double-mouthed provision bag, full of various kinds of grains and seeds, such as hill-paddy, paddy, mung-beans, cow-peas, sesame seeds and husked rice, and as if there were a man with discerning eyes, who, after having opened that bag would examine the contents, saying: "This is hill-paddy, this is paddy, these are mung-beans, these are cow-peas, these are sesame seeds and this is husked rice"; in this same way, monks, a monk reflects on this very body, that is covered with skin and full of impurities of all kinds from the soles of the feet upwards and from the hair of the head downwards, considering thus: "In this body, there are hairs of the head, hairs of the skin, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, marrow, kidney, heart, liver, pleura, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, stomach with its contents, faeces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, nasal mucus, synovial fluid and urine."

 

—¼’[‚ÉŒû‚ª‚ ‚è�A’†‚ɃT�[ƒŠ–à•Ä�Aƒ”ƒB�[ƒq–à•Ä�A—Γ¤�A“¤�AŒÓ–ƒ�AŒº•ĂȂÇ�A‚¢‚ë‚¢‚ë‚È�’•¨‚ňê”t‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚é‘Ü‚ª‚ ‚邿‚¤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�BŒ©•ª‚¯‚éŠá‚ðŽ�‚Á‚½ŽÒ‚ª�A‘Ü‚ðŠJ‚¯‚Ä �u‚±‚ê‚̓T�[ƒŠ–à•Ăł·�B‚±‚ê‚̓”ƒB�[ƒq–à•Ăł·�B‚±‚ê‚͗Γ¤‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í“¤‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚͌Ӗƒ‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ÍŒº•Ăł·�v ‚Æ’²‚ׂ邿‚¤‚ɂł·�B

‚±‚̂悤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A‘«‚Ì— ‚©‚ç�ã‚Ö‚Æ�A”¯‚Ì–Ñ‚Ì�æ‚©‚牺‚Ö‚Æ�A”畆‚É•¢‚í‚ê�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȕs�ò•¨‚Å‚¢‚Á‚Ï‚¢‚Ì‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ð‚¶‚Á‚­‚è‚ÆŠÏ‘z‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�u‚±‚Ì�g‘̂ɂÍ�A”¯�A–Ñ�A’Ü�AŽ•�A”畆�A“÷�A‹Ø�A�œ�A�œ�‘�A�t‘Ÿ�A�S‘Ÿ�AŠÌ‘Ÿ�A˜]–Œ�AäB‘Ÿ�A”x�A’°�A’°ŠÔ–Œ�A�A�AŠç�A”]�A’_�`�Aá‚�A”^�AŒŒ�Aо�AŒÅŒ`މ–b�A—Ü�A‰t‘ÌŽ‰�A‘Á‰t�A”S‰t�AŠŠ‰t�A”A‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā

kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye

kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā

kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ

viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā

hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito

ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho,

bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

 

 

 

E. Dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ

E. Section on the Reflections on the Material Elements

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ

yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati:

�eAtthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu

vāyodhātū�f ti.

 

yathāṭhita�F[adj�D] as it was

yathāpaṇihitaṃ [yathā+paṇihita]

dhātu�F[f.] an element�G natural condition�G a relic�G

root of a word�G humour of the body�G faculty of senses.

pathavīdhātu [pathavī+dhātu]�@’n

āpodhātu  [āpa+dhātu]�@�…�@�@�@”S’…

tejodhātu [teja+dhātu]�@‰Î�@�@�@”M

vāyodhātū  [vāya+dhātu]�@•—�@�@“®‚«

 

 

 

 

 

Œ³‘f

•¨Ž¿‚Í‚·‚ׂÄ�A’n�A�…�A‰Î�A•—‚ÌŽlŒ³‘f‚©‚ç‚Å‚«‚Ä‚¨‚è�AŒ³‘f‚ª�A‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚Ì•¨Ž¿‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ðŒˆ’è‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚¢‚¤�l‚¦‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�B

’n‚ÌŒ³‘f‚Í�AŒ˜‚³‚â�_‚ç‚©‚³‚Æ‚¢‚¤�«Ž¿‚ðŽ�‚¿�A•¨Ž¿‚Ì“y‘䂯‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�B�l‚Å‚¢‚¦‚Î�A�œ�A”畆‚È‚Ç�A“÷‘Ì�B

�…‚ÌŒ³‘f‚Í�A—¬“®�«‚â‹Ã�W�«‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ðŽ�‚Â�B�l‚Å‚¢‚¦‚Î�A’_�`‚⌌‰t‚ȂǂÌ�…•ª�B

‰Î‚ÌŒ³‘f‚Í�A”M‚³‚â—₽‚³‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰·“x‚Ì�«Ž¿‚Å‚ ‚é�B�l‚Å‚¢‚¦‚Î�A‘̉·�B

•—‚ÌŒ³‘f‚Í�A“®‚«‚â�U“®‚Æ‚¢‚¤�«Ž¿‚Å‚ ‚é�B�l‚Å‚¢‚¦‚Î�AŒÄ‹z�B

Again, monks, a monk reflects on this very body, however it is placed or disposed, considering it according to the characteristic of each element: "In this body, there is the earth-element, the water-element, the fire-element and the air-element."

 

5. Œ³‘f ‚ÌŠÏ‘z

 

‚»‚µ‚Ä�A�g‘Ì‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚È�\‘¢‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚悤‚Æ‚à�AŽå—vŒ³‘f‚Å�\�¬‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚̂Ƃµ‚Ä�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ð‚¶‚Á‚­‚è‚ÆŠÏ‘z‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �u‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͒n‚ÌŒ³‘f�A�…‚ÌŒ³‘f�A‰Î‚ÌŒ³‘f�A•—‚ÌŒ³‘f‚łł«‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

 

 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā catumahāpathe bilaso vibhajitvā nisinno assa; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati: �eAtthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū�f ti.

 

 

Seyyathāpi�@�F[ind�D] just as�D

goghātako�FA cow-killer

goghātakantevāsī [goghātaka+antevāsī]�@ A pupil

gāviṃ [go+aṃ]‹��{Œ©‚é�H

vadhitvā�F[abs�Dof vadheti] having killed

catumahāpathe [catu+mahāpatha]�@‚S�{“¹

bilaso [adv�D] in portions or heaps�D�@•”•ª‚²‚Æ‚É

vibhajitvā�F[abs�Dof vibhajati] having divided

nisinno�FSeating

assa 1�Da horse; 2�Da corner�@�@sg.of ayaṁ�Cthis

 

 

Just as if, monks, a skilful cow-butcher or his apprentice, after having slaughtered a cow and having divided it into portions, would sit down at the junction of four roads; in the same way, monks, a monk reflects on this very body, however it is placed or disposed, considering the material elements: "In this body, there is the earth-element, the water-element, the fire-element and the air-element."

 

˜r‚Ì—Ç‚¢“jŽE�l‚©‚»‚Ì’íŽq‚ª�A‹�‚ð“jŽE‚µ‚Ä“÷•Ђɉð‘Ì‚µ�A‘哹‚Ì Žl’Ò ‚É�À‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚É�A�C�sŽÒ‚à�g‘Ì‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚È�\‘¢‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚悤‚Æ‚à�AŽå—vŒ³‘f‚Å�\�¬‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚̂Ƃµ‚Ä�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ð‚¶‚Á‚­‚è‚ÆŠÏ‘z‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �u‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͒n‚ÌŒ³‘f�A�…‚ÌŒ³‘f�A‰Î‚ÌŒ³‘f�A•—‚ÌŒ³‘f‚łł«‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚Æ

 

 

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

 

 

 

 

F. Navasivathikapabbaṃ

F. Section on the Nine Charnel-ground Observations

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ ekāhamataṃ vā dvīhamataṃ vā tīhamataṃ vā uddhumātakaṃ vinīlakaṃ vipubbakajātaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

Puna �@�F[ind�D] again�D

caparaṃ

passeyya�F œäŠYŒ©�AShould see�@ �@�@�@passati

sarīraṃ�FThe body

sivathikā�@�@ Cemetery

chaḍḍita�F[pp�Dof chaḍḍeti] abandoned�G rejected�G leaved

ekāhamata�@�@ has been dead for a day.

dvīhamataṃ�@�@ has been dead for two day.

tīhamataṃ �@�@�@ has been dead for three day

uddhumātaka�@�@ uddhumātaka�F[adj�D] swollen�G bloated

vinīlakaṃ [vi+nīlaka] of a bluish-black �ipurple�j colour

vipubbakajāta�@[vipubbaka+jāta] full of corruption or matter

So �@�@�@�@�@�@ He�G this�G that

imameva

upasaṃharati�F[upa + saṃ + har + a]

collects�G focuses�G concentrates�G compares

ayaṃ

evaṃdhammo    �FOf such a nature�Csuch

evaṃbhāvī     This is what happens.

evaṃanatīto[evaṃ+na+atīta]

evaṃ�F[adv.] thus�G in this way�G �iin reply�F�j yes.

natīto [na+atīta]�ian–¢+atīta‰ß‹Ž﹑Œ×‰z�y‰ß•ª�z�j�C

Not to be missed. Not too long ago.

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, dead for one, two or three days, swollen, blue and festering, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

‹ã’iŠK‚ÌŽ€‘Ì

ƒuƒbƒ_‚Í”ä‹u�ibhikkhu�j‚ª�C�s‚ðŽn‚ß‚é‚É‚ ‚½‚Á‚Ä�A‰Î‘’�ê‚É�s‚Á‚ÄŽ€‘Ì‚ª�Ä‚©‚ê‚é‚Ì‚ðŽO‚©ŒŽŠÔ‚¶‚Á‚­‚è‚ÆŠÏŽ@‚·‚邿‚¤‚ÉŽw“±‚µ‚½‚Æ‚¢‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Ž€‘Ì‚ª�Ä‚©‚ê‚é‚Ì–ˆ“úŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚邯�A”ä‹u‚ÍŽ©•ª‚ª�Ä‚©‚ꂽ‚悤‚È‹C‚ɂȂÁ‚½‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�BŽ©•ª‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ª�Ä‚©‚ê‚ÄŠD‚ɂȂé�A‚»‚±‚ª�C�s‚̃Xƒ^�[ƒgƒ|ƒCƒ“ƒg‚¾‚Á‚½‚»‚¤‚Å‚·�B

 

[‘æ1’iŠK]

‚Ü‚¸�AŽ€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�AŽ€Œãˆê“ú�A“ñ“ú�AŽO“ú‚ÆŒo‚¿�AŽî‚ê‚ ‚ª‚è�A�Â�•‚­•Ï�F‚µ�A”^‚Ì—¬‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚鎀‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v‚Æ�B

 

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ kākehi vā khajjamānaṃ kulalehi vā khajjamānaṃ gijjhehi vā khajjamānaṃ kaṅkehi vā khajjamānaṃ sunakhehi vā khajjamānaṃ byagghehi vā khajjamānaṃ dīpīhi vā khajjamānaṃ siṅgālehi vā khajjamānaṃ vividhehi vā pāṇakajātehi khajjamānaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

kākehi�@�@�@�@�@ kāka�F[m�D] a crow�D

khajjamānaṃ�@ [khāda�H+ya �@�@whatever   +māna–�]

kulalehi  kulala�F[m�D] a hawk�D

gijjhehi  gijjha�F[m.] a vulture�@ƒnƒQƒ�ƒV�AƒRƒ“ƒhƒ‹

sunakhehi  sunakha�F[m�D] a dog�D

byagghehi  byaggha�F[m�D] a tiger�D

dīpīhi  dīpī�FA panther

siṅgālehi  sigāla�F[m�D] a jackal�D

Vividha [vi+vidha1] divers�Cmixed�Gfull of

upasaṃharati [upa + saṃ + har + a]

collects�G focuses�G concentrates�G compares

 

passeyya�F œäŠYŒ©�AShould see�@ �@�@�@passati

sarīraṃ�FThe body

sivathikā�@�@ Cemetery

chaḍḍita�F[pp�Dof chaḍḍeti] abandoned�G rejected�G leaved

ekāhamata�@�@ has been dead for a day.

dvīhamataṃ�@�@ has been dead for two day.

tīhamataṃ �@�@�@ has been dead for three day

uddhumātaka�@�@ uddhumātaka�F[adj�D] swollen�G bloated

vinīlakaṃ [vi+nīlaka] of a bluish-black �ipurple�j colour

vipubbakajāta�@[vipubbaka+jāta] full of corruption or matter

So �@�@�@�@�@�@ He�G this�G that

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, being eaten by crows, being eaten by vultures, being eaten by falcons, being eaten by herons, being eaten by dogs, being eaten by tigers, being eaten by leopards, being eaten by jackals and being eaten by different kinds of creatures, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

 

[‘æ2’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�AƒJƒ‰ƒX‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�A‘é‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�AƒnƒQƒ�ƒV‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�AƒTƒM‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�AŒ¢‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�AŒÕ‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�A•^‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�AƒWƒƒƒbƒJƒ‹‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚Ü‚È’Ž‚ÉæÃ‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚鎀‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ samaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

aṭṭhikasaṅkhalika [aṭṭhika�œ+saṅkhalikā�½]

aṭṭhika�F= aṭṭhi

samaṃsalohitaṃ �@ With flesh and blood

nhārusambandhaṃ�@ [nhāruäF+sambandha�ƒsaṃ-bandh] Œ‹�‡]

Well-structured with�@�@�@�@ŠÖ�ß�H

 

 

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, reduced to a skeleton with some flesh and blood attached to it and held together by tendons, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

[‘æ3’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�AäF‚ł‚Ȃª‚è�AŒŒ‚Æ“÷‚ª‚Ü‚¾‚‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚éŠ[�œ‚Å‚µ‚©‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ nimaṃsalohitamakkhitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

 

nimaṃsalohitamakkhitaṃ [nimaṃsa+lohitamakkhita]

nimaṃsa �@�@�@�@no meat�Csick with skin and bones

«lohitaŒŒ+makkhita“h‚ê‚é»�@

blood and bones without any flesh left.

nhārusambandhaṃ [nhāruäF+sambandhaŒ‹�‡]

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, reduced to a skeleton without any flesh but smeared with blood and held together by tendons, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

 

[‘æ4’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�AäF‚ł‚Ȃª‚è�AŒŒ‚̂‚¢‚½“÷‚̂Ȃ¢Š[�œ‚Å‚µ‚©‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�g‘Ì‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�g‘Ì‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�g‘݂̂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

 

 

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ apagatamaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

apagatamaṃsalohita [apagata+maṃsa+lohita]

apagata�@�@removed

maṃsa�F[nt�D] flesh

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, reduced to a skeleton without any flesh or blood, held together by tendons, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

 

[‘æ5’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�AäF‚ł‚Ȃª‚è�AŒŒ‚à“÷‚à‚‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Š[�œ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikāni apagatasambandhāni disā vidisā vikkhittāni, aññena hatthaṭṭhikaṃ aññena pādaṭṭhikaṃ aññena gopphakaṭṭhikaṃ aññena jaṅghaṭṭhikaṃ aññena ūruṭṭhikaṃ aññena kaṭiṭṭhikaṃ aññena phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena piṭṭhiṭṭhikaṃ aññena khandhaṭṭhikaṃ aññena gīvaṭṭhikaṃ aññena hanukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena dantaṭṭhikaṃ aññena sīsakaṭāhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

apagatasambandhāni

disā point of the compass�G a region of the earth�C•ûŠp

vidisā �@ An intermediate’†ŠÔ point of the compass�@�@

vikkhittāni [vi+khitta]upset�Cperplexed�Cconfused�@ŽU—�

aññena aññeyya [ā+ñā+ṇya] know differently

hatthaṭṭhikaṃ �@ Arm

pādaṭṭhikaṃ�F[nt�D] bone of the leg�D

gopphakaṭṭhikaṃ [gopphakaṭṭhi+ka] the ankle�@bones�@æô

jaṅghaṭṭhikaṃ [jaṅghaṭṭhi+ka]�@ the calf of the leg�@ãø�œ

ūruṭṭhikaṃ �@�@ūruṭṭhiŒÒ�œ�i‘å‘Ú�œ�j

kaṭiṭṭhikaṃ [kaṭiṭṭhi+ka]�˜�œ

phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ [phāsukaṭṭhi+ka] Ribs�@˜]�œ

piṭṭhiṭṭhikaṃ�@�@piṭṭhi�F[f�D] the back�@”w�œ�@

khandhaṭṭhikaṃ [khandhaṭṭhi+ka]�@�@�W‚Ü‚è‚Ì�œ

gīvaṭṭhikaṃ [gīvā+aṭṭhi] The collar-boneèò�œ

hanukaṭṭhikaṃ �@ Jaw�@Š{�œ

dantaṭṭhikaṃ [danta+aṭṭhi]�@Ž•

sīsakaṭāhaṃ�@�@ the skull�@�@“ªŠW�œ

 

 

 

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, reduced to disconnected bones, scattered in all directions, here a bone of the hand, there a bone of the foot, here a bone of the ankle, there a bone of the knee, here a bone of the thigh and there a bone of the pelvis, here a bone of the spine, there a bone of the back, again there a bone of the shoulder, here a bone of the throat, there a bone of the chin, here a bone of the teeth and there a bone of the skull, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

[‘æ6’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�A�œ‚ª‚ ‚ç‚ä‚é•ûŒü‚ÉŽU‚ç‚΂è�A‚΂ç‚΂ç‚Ì�œ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚ÍŽè‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í‘«‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í‘«Žñ‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�ЂɂÍãø �i‚·‚Ë�j‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í‘Ú �i‚à‚à�j ‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�ЂɂÍ�K‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í˜]�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í”w�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚ÍŒ¨‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�ЂɂÍèò �i‚­‚Ñ�j ‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚ÍŠ{‚Ì�œ‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚ÍŽ•‚ª�A‚ ‚é�Š‚É‚Í“ªŠW�œ‚ª�AŽU‚ç‚΂Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

 

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikāni setāni saṅkhavaṇṇapaṭibhāgāni. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

setāni�@ seta�F[adj�D] white�G pure�D�im�D�j�Cthe white colour

saṅkhavaṇṇapaṭibhāgāni

saṅkha�F[m�D] a chank�G a conch shell

«vaṇṇa+paṭicchāyā»

vaṇṇa�F[m�D] colour�G appearance

paṭicchāyā �@Statue

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, reduced to bleached bones of conch-like colour, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

[‘æ7’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ꂽ�Aƒzƒ‰ŠL‚̂悤‚É”’‚­‚È‚Á‚½�œ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

 

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikāni puñjakitāni terovassikāni. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

puñjakitāni

puñjakita �@Stacked�@�@ to be accumulated.

 

terovassikāni�@ [tiro+vassa+ika] �@�@ika=ṇika�H

lasting over or beyond a year �ior season�j

tiro�F[ind�D] across�G beyond�G outside

vassa�F[m�D] 1�Dthe year�G 2�Drain�D

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, of bones that are piled up in a heap more than a year old, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

[‘æ8’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�Aˆê”NˆÈ�ãŒo‚¿�AŽR�ς݂Ì�œ‚ƂȂÁ‚½Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

 

 

 

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikāni pūtīni cuṇṇakajātāni. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati: �eayaṃ pi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto�f ti.

 

pūtīni �@�@

pūta�@�@Destroyed Pure Switched

cuṇṇakajātāni�@ [cuṇṇaka+jāta]

cuṇṇakajāta�F[adj.] reduced to powder.

cuṇṇaka�F[nt.] scented powder

jāta[pp�Dof jāyati] born�Garisen�Gbecome�Goccurred�Ghappened

 

Again, monks, a monk, when he sees a dead body that has been thrown in a charnel-ground, the bones having rotted away to powder, regarding his own body considers thus: "Indeed, this body is of the same nature, it will become like that and cannot escape it."

 

[‘æ9’iŠK]

Ž€‘Ì’u‚«�ê‚Ɏ̂Ăç‚ê�A�œ‚ª•²�X‚ɂȂè�A�o �i‚¿‚è�j ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢Ž€‘Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ł·�B ‚»‚¤‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ǝ©•ª‚Ì�g‘̂Ƃð”ä‚ׂé‚̂ł·�B

�uŠÔˆá‚¢‚È‚­�A‚±‚Ì�g‘̂͂ ‚ÌŽ€‘̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚Ȃ̂¾�A‚±‚Ì�g‘Ì‚à‚ ‚̂悤‚ɂȂé‚Ì‚¾�A‚»‚ê‚Í”ð‚¯‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚ƂȂ̂¾�v ‚Æ�B

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi kāyo�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing body in body internally, or he dwells observing body in body externally, or he dwells observing body in body both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the body, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the body. Now his awareness is established: "This is body!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing body in body.

 

 

 

 

 

3. Vedanānupassanā

3. The Observation of Sensations

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati?

How, monks, does a monk dwell, observing sensations in sensations?

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno �esukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti; dukkhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno �edukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti; adukkhamasukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno �eadukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �esāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �enirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �esāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �enirāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �esāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno �enirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī�f ti pajānāti.12

 

Idha�@�@�@�@�@ here�G in this world or existence

sukhaṃ�@ �F[adv�D] easily�G comfortably

dukkhaṃ�F[adv.] with difficulty.

vedanaṃ�@�FSensation

vedayamāno�@ vedaya+māno

vedayati�F=vedeti

vedeti�F[vid + e] feels�G senses�G knows

māno�FPride�Carrogance�Cvanity�G honour�Crespect

vedayāmī�f

vedayita[vedeti ‚Ì pp�D] feeling�G experienceŠ´Žó‚µ‚½

adukkhamasukhaṃ�@ [a-dukkha-a-sukha] •s‹ê•sŠy

Sāmisaṃ�@ sāmisa�F[adj�D] fleshy�G carnal

nirāmisa�F[adj] having no meat�Gfree from sensual desires�Gnon-material

 

 

 

Here, monks, a monk, while experiencing a pleasant sensation, understands properly, "I am experiencing a pleasant sensation"; while experiencing an unpleasant sensation, he understands properly, "I am experiencing an unpleasant sensation"; while experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation, he understands properly, "I am experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation." While he is experiencing a pleasant sensation with attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing a pleasant sensation with attachment"; while he is experiencing a pleasant sensation without attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing a pleasant sensation without attachment"; while experiencing an unpleasant sensation with attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing an unpleasant sensation with attachment"; while experiencing an unpleasant sensation without attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing an unpleasant sensation without attachment"; while experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation with attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation with attachment"; while experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation without attachment, he understands properly, "I am experiencing a neither-unpleasant-nor-pleasant sensation without attachment."12

 

Š´Šo ‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi �@

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A Š´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

�S’n—Ç‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u�S’n—Ç‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B �S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo ‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u�S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’n—Ç‚¢ Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ± ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’n—Ç‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’n—Ç‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞 �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’n—Ç‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’nˆ«‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é�S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A �u“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Æ–³ŠÖŒW‚Ì�S’n—Ç‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢Š´Šo‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, bahiddhā13 vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, �eatthi vedanā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing sensations in sensations internally, or he dwells observing sensations in sensations externally,13 or he dwells observing sensations in sensations both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in sensations, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in sensations, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in sensations. Now his awareness is established: "This is sensation!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing sensations in sensations.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚ÄŠ´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à Š´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �AŠ´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�BŠ´Šo‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚ÉŠ´Šo‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�BŠ´Šo‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŠ´Šo‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�BŠ´Šo‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŠ´Šo‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚ê‚ªŠ´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

 

4. Cittānupassanā

4. The Observation of Mind

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte14 cittānupassī viharati?

Again, monks, how does a monk dwell, observing mind in mind?14

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ �esarāgaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ �evītarāgaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ �esadosaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ �evītadosaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ �esamohaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ �evītamohaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ �esaṅkhittaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ �evikkhittaṃ cittaṃ�f15 ti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ �emahaggataṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ �eamahaggataṃ cittaṃ�f16 ti pajānāti, sa-uttaraṃ vā cittaṃ �esa-uttaraṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ �eanuttaraṃ cittaṃ�f17 ti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ �esamāhitaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ �easamāhitaṃ cittaṃ�f18 ti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ �evimuttaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ �eavimuttaṃ cittaṃ�f ti pajānāti.

 

sarāgaṃ [sa3+rāga] connected with lust�Cpassionate�D

vītarāgaṃ [adj�D] passionless�D�im�D�j a saint

sadosaṃ�@ [sa-dosa]�@ possess anger�@�@áт̂ ‚é

vītadosaṃ [vīta-dosa]�@�@without anger

vīta�F[pp�Dof vināti] woven�D�ipp�Dof ?�j�Cfree from�G being without

samohaṃ [sa-moha]  possess ignorance  ’s‚Ì‚ ‚é

vītamohaṃ [vīta-mohaa]�@�@ without ignorance

saṅkhitta�F[pp�Dof saṅkhipati]contracted�Gabridged�Gshortened�Gfolded

vikkhittaṃ [vi+khitta] upset�Cperplexed�Cmentally upset�Cconfused

khitta�F[pp�Dof khipati] thrown�Goverthrown�Gcasted away�Gupset

--citta �ia�j one whose mind is thrown over�Cupset�Cunhinged�Cusually combd with ummattaka�Cout of one�fs mind Vin�DI�C131�C321�G II�C64�Cetc�D�G Sdhp�D88�DCp�Dcitta-kkhepa�D�iPage 236�j

 

mahaggataṃ [mahanta+gata] [mahā-gata]

gata�F[pp�Dof gacchati] gone�G moved�Garrived at�Ghaving come to a condition

amahaggataṃ �@[a-mahaggata]

sa-uttaraṃ�@ sa-uttara�Fa�D—L�ã‚Ì�C—ò‚ê‚é

uttara�F[adj�D] higher�G further�G northern�G over

anuttaraṃ [an + uttara] �gnothing higher�h�Cwithout a superior�Cincomparable�Csecond to none�Cunsurpassed�Cexcellent

samāhitaṃ�F[pp�D] settled�G composed�G collected of mind�D

asamāhitaṃ�@ [a + samāhita] not composed�Cuncontrolled

vimutta�F[pp�Dof vimuccati] released�G emancipated�D

«vi+muca+ta�@�@�@�@�@�@ muca �@Professor - In liberation.

avimuttaṃ [a-vimutta]�@ not liberated�@�@ not free from lust.

 

 

 

 

 

Here, monks, a monk understands properly mind with craving as mind with craving, he understands properly mind free from craving as mind free from craving, he understands properly mind with aversion as mind with aversion, he understands properly mind free from aversion as mind free from aversion, he understands properly mind with delusion as mind with delusion, he understands properly mind free from delusion as mind free from delusion, he understands properly collected mind as collected mind, he understands properly a scattered mind as scattered mind,15 he understands properly expanded mind as expanded mind, he understands properly unexpanded mind as unexpanded mind,16 he understands properly surpassable mind as surpassable mind, he understands properly unsurpassable mind as unsurpassable mind,17 he understands properly concentrated mind as concentrated mind, he understands properly unconcentrated mind as unconcentrated mind,18 he understands properly freed mind as freed mind, he understands properly not freed mind as not freed mind.

 

 

�S‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi

 

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�S‚É�W’†—Í‚ª�¶‚¶‚½Žž�A�u�S‚É�W’†—Í‚ª�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚É�W’†—Í‚ªŒ‡‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚鎞�A�u�S‚É�W’†—Í‚ªŒ‡‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

�S‚©‚çˆêŽž“I‚ɉ˜‚ꂪ�Á‚¦‚½Žž�A�u�S‚©‚çˆêŽž“I‚ɉ˜‚ꂪ�Á‚¦‚½�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚©‚牘‚ꂪ�Á‚¦‚È‚¢Žž�A�u�S‚©‚牘‚ꂪ�Á‚¦‚È‚¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā citte cittānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati,19 samudayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, �eatthi cittaṃ�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati.

 

 

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing mind in mind internally, or he dwells observing mind in mind externally, or he dwells observing mind in mind both internally and externally.19 Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mind, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mind, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mind. Now his awareness is established: "This is mind!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mind in mind.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Í�S‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Í�S‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Í�S‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪ�S‚Í�S‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

 

5. Dhammānupassanā

5. The Observation of Mental Contents

A. Nīvaraṇapabbaṃ

A. The Section on the Hindrances

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati?

Again, monks, how does a monk dwell, observing mental contents in mental contents?

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati - pañcasu nīvaraṇesu.

Here, monks, a monk dwells, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the five hindrances.

Nīvaraṇapabbaṃ [nīvaraṇa+pabba]

nīvaraṇa�C�int�D�j�Cobstacle or hindrance �ito the progress of mind�j

pabba�F[nt�D] knot of the stalk�G joint�G section�G division

Kathaṃ kathā�F[f�D] speech�G story�G talk

pana�@ and�Gyet�Gbut�Gout the contrary�Gand now�Gmore over

dhammesu�S“I內ŠÜ’†�A–@�@�@�@�ydhammā�i�”–@�j“I�kˆÊ�l

dhammānupassī [dhamma+anupassī=anu+disa+ṇī�Danupassa+ī]

Consciousness �C Subconscious mind�@ Vipassana mindfulness

anupassī�FLooking at�Ccontemplating�Cobserving

pañcasu �@�@�@ pañcaso�F[ind�D] by five or in five ways

 

 

 

“¹‚Ì–W‚°‚ƂȂéŒÜ‚‚Ì�áŠQ �iЉ–]�AŒ™ˆ«�A‘Ó‘Ä�A•sˆÀ�A‹^�S�j

 

 

How, monks, does a monk dwell, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the five hindrances?�@‚±‚ê‚ɑΉž‚·‚éƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚Í�H

 

 

�S‚Ì’†–¡‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

 

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AŒÜ‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚͌܂‚Ì�áŠQ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�AŒÜ‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚͌܂‚Ì�áŠQ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa kāmacchandassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa kāmacchandassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

santa�F[pp�Dof sammati] 1�Dcalmed�Gpeaceful�G 2�Dexisting 3�@tired

ajjhattaṃ �@�F[adv.] inwardly.

kāmacchandaṃ [kāma+chanda] attachment to sensual pleasure

atthi�FTo be�Cto exist

asantaṃ�@ asanta�F[adj�D] non-existing; the wicked

natthi�@�@ [na + atthi] no�G not�G not present�D

anuppannassa [an-uppanna] not born�G not arisen.

uppāda�F[m�D] rising�G coming into existence�G birth

uppannassa

uppanna�F[pp�Dof uppajjati] reborn�G arisen

pahānaṃ�@ pa+hā�@ removal�Ggiving up�Gabandoning�Gavoidance

pahīnassa

pahīna�F[pp�Dof pajahati] eliminated�G abandoned�G destroyed

āyatiṃ�F[adv�D] in the future�D

anuppādo�FNot arising�Cnon-appearance

 

 

Here, monks, a monk, whenever sense desire is present in him, he understands properly that, "Sense desire is present in me." Whenever sense desire is absent from him, he understands properly that, "Sense desire is absent from me." He understands properly, how sense desire that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how sense desire that has now arisen in him, gets eradicated. He understands properly, how sense desire that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise in him.

Љ–] (sense-desire)

“÷‘Ì“I—~–] ‚ª‚ ‚鎞‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͓÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B“÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª‚È‚¢Žž‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͓÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª‚È‚¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢“÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚Ì‚©‚àŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�¶‚¶‚½“÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á‚¦‚é‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Á‚¦‚½“÷‘Ì“I—~–]‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�«—ˆ�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa byāpādassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa byāpādassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa byāpādassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

byāpāda [vi+ā+pada+ṇa] [vy+ā+pad]�F[m�D] malevolence�D

pad�@�@‹Ž�A‘–�ito go�j�CˆÚ“®�ito move�j

 

 

 

 

Whenever aversion is present in him, he understands properly that, "Aversion is present in me." Whenever aversion is absent from him, he understands properly that, "Aversion is absent from me." He understands properly, how aversion that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how aversion that has now arisen in him, gets eradicated. He understands properly, how aversion that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise in him.

Œ™ˆ« (ill-will)

Œ™ˆ« ‚ª‚ ‚鎞‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͌™ˆ«‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒ™ˆ«‚ª‚È‚¢Žž‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ÉŒ™ˆ«‚͂Ȃ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œ™ˆ«‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚Ì‚©‚àŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�¶‚¶‚½Œ™ˆ«‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á‚¦‚é‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Á‚¦‚½Œ™ˆ«‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�«—ˆ�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa thinamiddhassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa thinamiddhassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa thinamiddhassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

thinamiddhaṃ [thina+middha]

thina�i惛’¾�jŸT�B�S�g‚ð‚µ‚Ä“Ý�d‚É�A’¾‚Ý�A�Ç‚¬�ž‚Ü‚¹‚é“­‚«�B

middha�i�‡–°�j�S‚ð�›‚¯‚³‚¹�A•sŠˆ”­‚É‚³‚¹‚Ä�A‘Î�Û‚Ì”cˆ¬‚ð•s–¾—Ăɂ·‚é“­‚«�B

Whenever sloth and torpor are present in him, he understands properly that, "Sloth and torpor are present in me." Whenever sloth and torpor are absent from him, he understands properly that, "Sloth and torpor are absent from me." He understands properly, how sloth and torpor that have not yet arisen in him, come to arise. He understands properly, how sloth and torpor that have now arisen in him, get eradicated. He understands properly, how sloth and torpor that have now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise in him.

‘Ó‘Ä (sloth and torpor)

�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´ ‚ª‚ ‚鎞‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚Í�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚â‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª‚È‚¢Žž‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚Í�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª‚È‚¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚Ì‚©‚àŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�¶‚¶‚½�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á‚¦‚é‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Á‚¦‚½�Ç‚®�SŽ�‚¿‚⌑‘ÓŠ´‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�«—ˆ�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa uddhaccakukkuccassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

uddhaccakukkuccaṃ�@�@«uddhacca+kukkucca»

�S‚ª�¬—��ó‘Ô‚Å•¨Ž–‚ð‚Í‚Á‚«‚è”Fޝ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�ó‘Ô‚Ì‚±‚Æ�B

•‚‚‚«�Aƒ\ƒ�ƒ\ƒ��A‚Ú‚ñ‚â‚è�A–°‹C�AƒEƒgƒEƒg

 

uddhacca�@

�S‚ª�¬—�‚µ‚Ä�W’†‚Å‚«‚¸�A—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚È‚¢“­‚«�B

‚ ‚ª‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚½‚è�A�Å‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�ó‘Ô�B

�l‚ªˆ«‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ð‚·‚é�uŠÔ‚Í�A‚¾‚ê‚à‚ª�S‚ª‚ ‚ª‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ä�AŽ©•ª‚ʼn½‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©‚Ü‚Á‚½‚­•ª‚©‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�B

Ž©‰äˆÓޝ‚ª‚È‚­�AŽ©•ªŽ©�g‚ðƒRƒ“ƒgƒ��[ƒ‹‚Å‚«‚È‚­‚È‚é�ó‘Ô

‹}‚É�l‘O‚É�o‚³‚ê‚ăhƒLƒhƒL‚·‚é�ó‘Ô

�{‹“‚¶‚傤‚±‚Ƃ͋ɒ[‚É�Q‚Ă箂­‚±‚Æ‚ªŠy‚Å‚ ‚邯”»’f‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�¬—��ó‘Ô

‰B‚ꂽ‚ª‚é�S‚ª�A‰B‚ê�ê�Š‚ª�Á‚¦‚邱‚ƂŊO‚É�o‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¢�A‚»‚Ì�uŠÔ‚É‚¨‚±‚é�¬—��ó‘Ô‚Ì‚±‚Æ

kukkucca�@�@Œã‰÷�@ˆ«�ì�@‰ß‹Ž‚ÉŒ¡‚«‚Âç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ

 

 

 

 

Whenever agitation and remorse are present in him, he understands properly that, "Agitation and remorse are present in me." Whenever agitation and remorse are absent from him, he understands properly that, "Agitation and remorse are absent from me." He understands properly, how agitation and remorse that have not yet arisen in him, come to arise. He understands properly, how agitation and remorse that have now arisen in him, get eradicated. He understands properly, how agitation and remorse that have now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise in him.

 

•sˆÀ (distraction and worry)

’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ ‚ª‚ ‚鎞‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͒�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª‚È‚¢Žž‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͒�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª‚È‚¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚Ì‚©‚àŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�¶‚¶‚½’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á‚¦‚é‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Á‚¦‚½’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ‚Æ•sˆÀ‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�«—ˆ�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannāya vicikicchāya uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannāya vicikicchāya pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnāya vicikicchāya āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

vicikicchā

ƒOƒYƒOƒY‚µ‚Ä‚µ‚Á‚©‚肵‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�S‚ªŽã‚¢�ó‘Ô‚Ì‚±‚Æ

�M‚¶‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚¾‚¯‚Å�˜”²‚¯�ó‘Ô‚Å‚ ‚è�AŽ©•ª‚ÌŽåŠÏ‚ÌŠk‚ɕ‚¶âÄ‚à‚è�A�V‚µ‚¢‚±‚ƂɃ`ƒƒƒŒƒ“ƒW‚µ‚½‚­‚È‚¢�S‚Ì‚±‚Æ�B

 

�u‹^‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�v‚Æ‚Í�A‚à‚Ì‚²‚Æ‚ð‰L“ۂ݂ɂ·‚é‚È�AŽ©•ª‚Å—Í‹­‚­Šm‚©‚߂ė�‰ð‚·‚é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡

•|‚¢‚à‚Ì’m‚炸‚Å�A‚½‚Á‚Õ‚è‚Æ‹^‚Á‚Ä�AŽ©•ª‚ÅŠm‚©‚߂邼‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒ`ƒƒƒŒƒ“ƒW�¸�_‚Ì‚±‚Æ�B

‚±‚ê‚Ívicikicchā‚ł͂Ȃ­�A�^—�‚ð’m‚邽‚߂̌³‹C‚Å‚ ‚é

 

‚æ‚­’²‚×‚à‚¹‚¸“K“–‚É”»’f‚µ‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¤‚±‚Æ�@�@

‹ï‘Ì“I‚É‚R‚‚̋^‚¢‚ª‚ ‚é�B

‰ß‹Ž�EŒ»�Ý�E–¢—ˆ‚ɑ΂·‚é‹^‚¢�@�@�@Œ»�Û‚ª‚ ‚é‚©‚ç�¬‚è—§‚ŠT”O‚Å�AŽÀ�Û‚É�u‚ ‚é�v‚Ƃ͌¾‚¦‚È‚¢�B

ˆö‰Ê–@‘¥‚ɑ΂·‚é‹^‚¢�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�ðŒ�‰º‚ÅŒ´ˆö‚ª‚ ‚Á‚Ĉꎞ“I‚ÉŒ‹‰Ê‚ɂȂé�B�uŠÔ‚Ì�¶–ł̘A‘±‚Å‚µ‚©‚È‚¢�B

•§“¹�E�C�s•û–@‚ɑ΂·‚é‹^‚¢�@�@�@�@ž�‰äˆê”@‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚à–³�í‚ðŽÀŠ´‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚©‚ç�¶‘¶—~‚ª�Á‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�B

 

Šo‚Á‚½�l‚Í–³�í‚ðŽÀŠ´‚µ�A�u�¶‚«‚Ä‚¢‚½‚¢�v‚Æ‚¢‚­‚çŠæ’£‚Á‚Ä‚àˆÓ–¡‚ª‚È‚¢�A‚Æ•ª‚©‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‹^‚¢‚ª�Á‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚­�B

 

—Ⴆ‚Î

‘Ó‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚à‚¢‚¸‚ê�K‚¹‚ª‚â‚Á‚Ä‚­‚邳

Ž©•ª‚Í‚ª‚ñ‚΂Á‚Ä‚à‚Ç‚¤‚¹ƒ_ƒ�‚È‚ñ‚¾

�¡�D‚«•ú‘è‚â‚Á‚Ä‚àŽ€‚ñ‚¾‚烊ƒZƒbƒg‚¾

‚Ç‚ê‚à�A�^ŽÀ‚ð‚æ‚­’²‚×‚à‚¹‚¸�i–³Ž‹‚µ‚Ä�j–Ï‘z‚Å”»’f‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é

‰½‚à‚í‚©‚ç‚È‚¢�u“Ý‚³�v

‚µ‚Á‚©‚肵‚½�î•ñ‚â˜_—�‚â�ª‹’‚à‚È‚­�A�u‚»‚ñ‚È‚±‚Æ‚ð�M‚¶‚È‚¢�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‹CŽ�‚¿‚ɂȂé�B

‚Æ‚±‚Æ‚ñ’²‚ׂĂ©‚ç�A�M‚¶‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚͖̂¾‚é‚¢�B

’m“I‚È‹^‚Í—Ç‚¢‚ª�A–³’m‚Ì‹^‚Í‚±‚±‚ë‚Ì�¬’·‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é�B

Ž©•ª‚Ì‚±‚±‚ë‚ÉŒ®‚ð‚©‚¯�A”]�×–E‚Ì�i‰»‚ªƒXƒgƒbƒv‚·‚é�«Ši‚ɂȂé�B

 

‚Ç‚ñ‚È‚à‚Ì‚¾‚©•ª‚©‚ç‚È‚¢‚̂Ȃç‚΂â‚Á‚Ă݂Ä�AƒEƒ\‚¾‚ÆŽv‚Á‚½‚çŽ~‚ß‚ê‚΂¢‚¢�B

–Ó�M‚µ‚ĉL“ۂ݂ɂ·‚é‚Ì‚à�AƒEƒ\‚©–{“–‚©‚í‚©‚ç‚È‚¢‚©‚ç‚â‚ç‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚Ç‚¿‚ç‚à�i•à‚ª‚È‚¢�B

 

•§‹³“I‚ɂ͎l�¹’ú�Aˆö‰��¶‹N�E‹Æ‰ÊŽO•ó‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŠm�M‚¹‚¸�A–À‚¤“­‚«�B

 

 

 

Whenever doubt is present in him, he understands properly that, "Doubt is present in me." Whenever doubt is absent from him, he understands properly that, "Doubt is absent from me." He understands properly, how doubt that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how doubt that has now arisen in him, gets eradicated. He understands properly, how doubt that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise in him.

‹^�S (doubt or wavering)

“®—h‚â‹^”O ‚ª‚ ‚鎞‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͓®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B“®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª‚È‚¢Žž‚É‚Í�A �u‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂ͓®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª‚È‚¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢“®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚Ì‚©‚àŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�¶‚¶‚½“®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á‚¦‚é‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B�Á‚¦‚½“®—h‚â‹^”O‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�«—ˆ�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚Ì‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

 

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, �eatthi dhammā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu.

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents internally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents externally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mental contents. Now his awareness is established: "These are mental contents!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents as regards the five hindrances.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪŒÜ‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚͌܂‚Ì�áŠQ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

B. Khandhapabbaṃ

B. The Section on the Aggregates

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu.20

Again, monks, a monk dwells, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the five aggregates of clinging.20

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu?

 

upādānakkhandhesu  upādāna+khandha

upādānakkhandha�F[m�D] the factors of clinging to existence

Upādāna [upa + ā + dā] grasping�G attachment�G fuel

 

 

How, monks, does a monk dwell, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the five aggregates of clinging?

 

�S‚Ì’†–¡‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi

B Ž·’…‚ð�¶‚ތ܂‚Ì�W�‡‘Ì�i“÷‘Ì�AŠ´Šo�A’mŠo�A”½‰ž�AˆÓޝ�j

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AŽ·’…‚ð�¶‚ތ܂‚Ì�W�‡‘͎̂·’…‚ð�¶‚ތ܂‚Ì�W�‡‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�AŽ·’…‚ð�¶‚ތ܂‚Ì�W�‡‘͎̂·’…‚ð�¶‚ތ܂‚Ì�W�‡‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu, �eiti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo�f ti.

 

samudayo [saṁ+udaya]Rise�Corigin�Gorigination�Ccause�Gmultitude

atthaṅgamo�@ atthaṅgama�F[m�D] setting down�D

vedanā�@ 'feeling'�Csensation�@�@Š´Žó�ì—p

saññā�@ [�ƒsaṃ-jñā]�@ 'perception'

saṅkhārā�C[fr�Dsaṁ+kṛ�Cnot Vedic�Cbut as saṁskāra Epic & Class�DSk�Dmeaning �gpreparation�h and �gsacrament�C�h also in philosophical literature �gformer impression�Cdisposition�C�g cp�Dvāsanā] one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics�Cin which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening�Cpeculiar to the East�Cis so complete�Cthat it is almost impossible for Occidental terminology to get at the root of its meaning in a translation�DWe can only convey an idea of its import by representing several sides of its application�Cwithout attempting to give a �gword�h as a def�Dtrsln�D-- An exhaustive discussion of the term is given by Franke in his Dīgha translation

 

kar�C�iž�kr�Cskr�j﹐�yŽš�ª�z˜ôˆ½�§‘¢�ito do or make�j

 

viññāṇaṃ [vi+jñā�G cp�DVedic vijñāna cognition]

a mental quality as a constituent of individuality�C

the bearer of �iindividual�j life�Clife-force �ias extending also over rebirths�j�Cprinciple of conscious life�Cgeneral consciousness �ias function of mind and matter�j�C

regenerative force�Canimation�Cmind as transmigrant�Cas transforming �iaccording to individual kamma�j one individual life �iafter death�j into the next�D

In this �ifundamental�j application it may be characterized as the sensory and perceptive activity commonly expressed by �gmind�D�h

E�Dg�Dthe body �ikāya�j is when animated called sa-viññāṇaka �iq�Dv�Dand cp�Dviññāṇatta�j�D

Again�Cv�Dwas supposed�Cat the body�fs death�Cto pass over into another body �iS�DI�C122�G III�C124�j and so find a support or platform �ipatiṭṭhā�j�DIt was also held to be an immutable�Cpersistent substance�Ca view strongly condemned �iM�DI�C258�j�DSince�Chowever�Cthe persistence of v�Dfrom life to life is declared �iD�DII�C68�G S�DIII�C54�j�Cwe must judge that it is only the immutable persistence that is condemned�DV�Cwas justly conceived more as �gminding�h than as �gmind�D�h Its form is participial�DFor later variants of the foregoing cp�DMiln�D86�G PvA�D63�C219�D

 

Here, monks, a monk [understands properly]: "Such is matter, such is the arising of matter, such is the passing away of matter; such are sensations, such is the arising of sensations, such is the passing away of sensations; such is perception, such is the arising of perception, such is the passing away of perception; such are reactions, such is the arising of reactions, such is the passing away of reactions; such is consciousness, such is the arising of consciousness, such is the passing away of consciousness."

 

�C�sŽÒ‚Í‚±‚̂悤‚ÉŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚ê‚Í“÷‘Ì (corporeal body) ‚Ì“­‚«‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í“÷‘̂̓­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚Ì“÷‘̂̓­‚«‚Ì�oŒ»‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í“÷‘̂̓­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚ÆŽÀ�Û‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�B

‚±‚ê‚ÍŠ´Šo (feeling) ‚Ì“­‚«‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚ÍŠ´Šo‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚ÌŠ´Šo‚Ì“­‚«‚Ì�oŒ»‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚ÍŠ´Šo‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚ÆŽÀ�Û‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�B

‚±‚ê‚Í’mŠo (perception) ‚Ì“­‚«‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í’mŠo‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì“­‚«‚Ì�oŒ»‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í’mŠo‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚ÆŽÀ�Û‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�B

‚±‚ê‚Í”½‰ž (mental formations) ‚Ì“­‚«‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í”½‰ž‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚Ì”½‰ž‚Ì“­‚«‚Ì�oŒ»‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚Í”½‰ž‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚ÆŽÀ�Û‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�B

‚±‚ê‚͈ӎ¯ (consciousness) ‚Ì“­‚«‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚͈ӎ¯�i‘Î�Û•¨‚ɑ΂·‚é”F’m�j‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�ۂ̈ӎ¯‚Ì“­‚«‚Ì�oŒ»‚¾�B‚±‚ê‚͈ӎ¯‚Ì“­‚«‚ª�¶‚¶‚錴ˆö‚ÆŽÀ�Û‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�B

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, �eatthi dhammā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu.

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents internally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents externally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mental contents. Now his awareness is established: "These are mental contents!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents as regards the five aggregates of clinging.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪŒÜ‚‚Ì�W�‡‘̂͌܂‚Ì�W�‡‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

C. Āyatanapabbaṃ

C. The Section on the Sense Spheres

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu.

Again, monks, a monk dwells, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the six internal and external sense spheres.

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu?

 

chasu �@ cha�F[adj.] six.

ajjhattikabāhiresu [ajjhattika+bāhira]

Ajjhattika�C�iadj.�j [ajjhatta + ika]�Cpersonal�Cinward

bāhira�F[adj�D] external; outer; foreign�D�int�D�j�Coutside

āyatanesu�@�@«ā+yata+yu�Dāya+tanu+a�Dāyata+nī+a»

āyatana�F[nt�D] sphere; region; sense-organ; position�D

 

How, monks, does a monk dwell, observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the six internal and external sense spheres?

 

3. ˜Z‚‚̊´ŠoŠíН‚ƘZ‚‚̔Fޝ—̈æ�iŠ´ŠoŠíН‚Ì‘Î�Û�j

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�A˜Z‚‚̓àŠO‚Ì Š´ŠoŠíН ‚͘Z‚‚̓àŠO‚ÌŠ´ŠoŠíН‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A˜Z‚‚̓àŠO‚ÌŠ´ŠoŠíН‚͘Z‚‚̓àŠO‚ÌŠ´ŠoŠíН‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhuṃ ca pajānāti, rūpe ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

cakkhuṃ   The eye; insight�Cperception; supernatural insight

yaṃ         which�G whatever thing�Dadv�Dbecause of

tadubhayaṃ�F[ta+ubhaya �i=ubha+aya�j]    Both of them

paṭicca   [pati+i+tvā]   [pati+i+ricca]

pati�F    Towards�G back�Cin return�G against

i�@�@�@to go , send 

ricca    give up

iccha�F[adj.] �iin cpds.�j�Cwishing�G longing�G desirous of

 

uppajjati [u + pad + ya] to be born�G arises

saṃyojanaṃ�FBond�Cattachment   connection�G fettering�D

saṃ      with, together

Yojana�C�int�D�j the yoke of a carriage

taṃ   [ta ‚Ì n�Dsg�Dnom�D]  it, he  

tvaṃ�F[nom�Dsin�Dof tumha]    thou�D

Here, monks, a monk understands properly the eye, he understands properly the visible object and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

Ž‹Šo‚ÆŒõŒi (eye and visible objects) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�BŽ‹Šo‚ÆŒõŒi‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

Sotaṃ ca pajānāti, sadde ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Sotaṃ    sota�F[nt�D] the ear�D

sadde  sadda�F[m�D] sound�G noise�G a word�D

 

He understands properly the ear, he understands properly sound and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

’®Šo‚Ɖ¹ (ear and sounds) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�B’®Šo‚Ɖ¹‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É ‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é ‚Ì‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Ghānaṃ ca pajānāti, gandhe ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Ghāna  the nose�G usually in its function as organ of smell=sense of smell

gandhe  gandha�F[m.] odour�G smell�G scent

 

He understands properly the nose, he understands properly smell and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

škŠo‚Æ“õ‚¢ (nose and odours) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�BškŠo‚Æ“õ‚¢‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É ‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é ‚Ì‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

Jivhaṃ ca pajānāti, rase ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Jivhaṃ    jivhā�F[f�D] the tongue�D

rase    rasa�F[m�D] taste�G juice�G flavour

 

He understands properly the tongue, he understands properly taste and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

–¡Šo‚Æ–¡ (tongue and tastes) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�B–¡Šo‚Æ–¡‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É ‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é ‚Ì‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Kāyaṃ ca pajānāti, phoṭṭhabbe ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Kāyaṃ

kāya�C�ilit�Faccumulation�j�F'group'�C'body'�Cmay either refer to the physical body �irūpa-kāya�j or to the mental body �ināma-kāya�j�DIn the latter case it is either a collective name for the mental groups �ifeeling�Cperception�Cmental formations�Cconsciousness�G s�Dkhandha�j�Cor merely for feeling�Cperception and a few of the mental formations �is�Dnāma�j�Ce�Dg�Din kāya-lahutā�Cetc�D

phoṭṭhabba [grd�Dof phusati] tangible�Ctouch�Ccontact

 

He understands properly the body, he understands properly touch and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚ÆŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì (body and tactile objects) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�B‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚ÆŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É ‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é ‚Ì‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

Manaṃ ca pajānāti, dhamme ca pajānāti, yaṃ ca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Manaṃ�@ mana�F[m�D�G nt�D] mind�G consciousness

dhamme

dhamma�Flit�Dthe 'bearer'�Cconstitution �ior nature of a thing�j�Cnorm�Claw �ijus�j�Cdoctrine�G justice�Crighteousness�G quality�G thing�Cobject of mind �is�Dāyatana�j 'phenomenon'�DIn all these meanings the word 'dhamma' is to be met with in the texts�DThe Com�Dto D�Dinstances 4 applications of this term guṇa �iquality�Cvirtue�j�Cdesanā �iinstruction�j�Cpariyatti �itext�j�Cnijjīvatā �isoullessness�Ce.g�DúWall dhammā�Cphenomena�Care impersonal�CúW etc.�j�DThe Com�Dto Dhs�Dhas hetu �icondition�j instead of desanā�DThus�Cthe analytical knowledge of the law �is�Dpaṭisambhidā�j is explained in Vis.M�DXIV�Dand in Vibh�Das hetumhi ñāṇa�Cknowledge of the conditions.

 

The Dhamma�Cas the liberating law discovered and proclaimed by the Buddha�Cis summed up in the 4 Noble Truths �is�Dsacca�j�DIt forms one of the 3 Gems �iti-ratana�Cq.v.�j and one of the 10 recollections �ianussati q.v.�j.

 

Dhamma�Cas object of mind �idhammāyatana�Cs�Dāyatana�j may be anything past�Cpresent or future�Ccorporeal or mental�Cconditioned or not �icf�Dsaṅkhāra�C4�j�Creal or imaginary.

 

dhamma-cakka�FThe 'Wheel �irealm�j of the Law'�Cis a name for the doctrine 'set rolling' �iestablished�j by the Buddha�Ci.e�Dthe 4 Noble Truths �isacca�Cq.v.�j.

 

úWThe Perfect One�Co monks�Cthe Holy One�Cfully Enlightened One�Cin the Deer Park at Isipatana near Benares�Chas set rolling �iestablished�j the unsurpassed Wheel �irealm�j of the LawúW �iM�D141�j�DCf�Dcakka.

 

 

He understands properly the mind, he understands properly the contents of the mind and he understands properly the bondage that arises dependent on these two. He understands properly how the bondage that has not yet arisen, comes to arise. He understands properly how the bondage that has now arisen, gets eradicated. He understands properly how that bondage that has now been eradicated, will in future no longer arise.

 

�S‚Æ�S‚Ì’†–¡ (mind and mind objects) ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚Ü‚·�B�S‚Æ�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Ì‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É ‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é ‚Ì‚ðŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾‘©”›‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚©‚ç‚ǂ̂悤‚É‘©”›‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚¶‚½‘©”›‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�Á–Å‚µ‚½‘©”›‚ª�A�«—ˆ�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚©‚ð‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, �eatthi dhammā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu.

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents internally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents externally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mental contents. Now his awareness is established: "These are mental contents!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents as regards the six internal and external sense spheres.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪ˜Z‚‚̓à‚Ȃ銴ŠoŠíН‚ƘZ‚‚̊O‚È‚é”Fޝ—̈æ‚Í�A˜Z‚‚̓à‚Ȃ銴ŠoŠíН‚ƘZ‚‚̊O‚È‚é”Fޝ—̈æ‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚Æ�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

D. Bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ

D. The Section on the Factors of Enlightenment

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu.

Again, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the seven factors of enlightenment.

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu?

 

sattasu �@�@ satta�FSeven

bojjhaṅgesu�@ [bodhi-aṅga�@ a factor of knowledge or wisdom

 

 

 

How, monks, does a monk dwell observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the seven factors of enlightenment?

 

4. ޵‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö �i‹C‚«�A’T‹��S�A“w—Í�AнŠì�A•½�Ã�A�¸�_“�ˆê�A•½ˆÀ�j �@

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�A޵‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚ÍŽµ‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A޵‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚ÍŽµ‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

satisambojjhaṅgaṃ [sati+sam+ bodhi+aṅga]

self-possession as a constituent of enlightenment

pāripūrī�@�@ pāripūri�C�if�D�j fulfilment�G completion

pār�yŽš�ªVII�D�z”\в�ito be able�j

pūr�@�[ŸÞ�ifull�j�B�yŽš�ªI�D�z‘S•”�A�[ŸÞ�ito be full�j

 

Here, monks, a monk understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, awareness, is present within him, "The factor of enlightenment, awareness, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, awareness, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, awareness, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, awareness, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, awareness, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

‹C‚« (mindfulness) sati

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‹C‚«‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ21 �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Santaṃ �@ [pp�Dof sammati] 1�Dcalmed�G peaceful�@Žâ�Ã

dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ�@ [dhammavicaya+sambojjhaṅga]

[dhamma+vicaya] investigation of doctrine

Vicaya�C[vi+ci�Fvicinati] search�Cinvestigation�Cexamination

When the factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma,21 is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, investigation of Dhamma, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

’T‹��S (investigation of phenomena)  dhamma vicaya

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é’T‹��S‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ

Vīriya�C�i‹vīra‰p—Y‹aj‹Ž+īr�CviŽæ‘ãaj�j�@�¸�i�C“w—Í

 

When the factor of enlightenment, effort, is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, effort, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, effort, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, effort, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, effort, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

“w—Í (effort)�@viriya

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é“w—Í‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ22 �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ�@ the joy constituent

pīti�Frapture�Centhusiasm �irendered also by joy�Chappiness�j�G interest it is one of the mental factors or concomitants �icetasika�j and belongs to the group of mental formations �isaṅkhāra-kkhandha�j

When the factor of enlightenment, rapture,22 is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, rapture, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, rapture, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, rapture, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, rapture, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, rapture, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

нŠì (rapture)�@piti

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é Š½Šì ‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚銽Šì‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚銽Šì‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚銽Šì‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚銽Šì‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚銽Šì‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ23 �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

Passaddhi [pa+śrambh] calmness�Ctranquillity�Crepose�Cserenity

pa+sambh

sambh�C�iž�wrambh�j Žg•½èÎ�A•½‘§

 

When the factor of enlightenment, tranquillity,23 is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, tranquillity, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, tranquillity, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, tranquillity is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, tranquillity, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, tranquillity, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

•½�à (tranquility) �@passaddhi�@

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é •½�à ‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A�@�uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽�ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v�@‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽�ÂªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A�@�uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽�ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v�@‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽�ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽�Âð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

ƒpƒbƒTƒbƒfƒB‚Í�uˆÀ‘§�v�B‚Æ‚Ä‚à—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B�‹‚¢Žž‚É—Á‚µ‚¢•”‰®‚É“ü‚邯‚Ù‚Á‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚¤‚¢‚¤�A‚Ù‚Á‚ÆƒŠƒ‰ƒbƒNƒX‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�ó‘Ô‚Å‚·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

samādhisambojjhaṅga�@concentration

 

 

samādhi�F'concentration'�G lit�D'the �imental�j state of being firmly fixed' �isam+ā+�ãhā�j�Cis the fixing of the mind on a single object�DúWOne-pointedness of mind �icittassekaggatā�j�CBrother Visakha�Cthis is called concentrationúW �iM�D44�j�DConcentration - though often very weak - is one of the 7 mental concomitants inseparably associated with all consciousness�DCf�Dnāma�Ccetanā�D

 

Right concentration �isammā-samādhi�j�Cas the last link of the 8-fold Path �is�Dmagga�j�Cis defined as the 4 meditative absorptions �ijhāna�Cq�Dv�D�j�DIn a wider sense�Ccomprising also much weaker states of concentration�Cit is associated with all kammically wholesome �ikusala�j consciousness�DWrong concentration �imicchā-samādhi�j is concentration associated with all kammically unwholesome �iakusala�Cq�Dv�D�j consciousness�DWherever in the texts this term is not differentiated by 'right' or 'wrong'�Cthere 'right' concentration is meant �D

 

In concentration one distinguishes 3 grades of intensity�F

 

�i1�j 'Preparatory concentration' �iparikamma-samādhi�j existing at the beginning of the mental exercise�D

 

�i2�j 'Neighbourhood concentration' �iupacāra-samādhi�j�Ci�De�Dconcentration 'approaching' but not yet attaining the 1st absorption �ijhāna�Cq�Dv�D�j�Cwhich in certain mental exercises is marked by the appearance of the so-called 'counter-image' �ipaṭibhāga-nimitta�j�D

 

�i3�j 'Attainment concentration' �iappanā-samādhi�j�Ci�De�Dthat concentration which is present during the absorptions�D�iApp�D�j

When the factor of enlightenment, concentration, is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, concentration, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, concentration, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, concentration, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, concentration, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, concentration, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

�¸�_“�ˆê (concentration) samadhi

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é �¸�_“�ˆê ‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A�@�uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é�¸�_“�ˆê‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v�@‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é�¸�_“�ˆê‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é�¸�_“�ˆê‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é�¸�_“�ˆê‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é�¸�_“�ˆê‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ �eatthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ �enatthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo�f ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti taṃ ca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti taṃ ca pajānāti.

 

 

 

When the factor of enlightenment, equanimity, is present in him, he understands properly, "The factor of enlightenment, equanimity, is present in me." He understands properly that, when the factor of enlightenment, equanimity, is absent from him, "The factor of enlightenment, equanimity, is absent from me." He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, equanimity, that has not yet arisen in him, comes to arise. He understands properly, how the factor of enlightenment, equanimity, that has now arisen, is developed and perfected.

 

•½ˆÀ (equanimity) upekkha

Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚é •½ˆÀ ‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚鎞�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽ˆÀ‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚é�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽ˆÀ‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢Žž�A �uŒå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽ˆÀ‚ª‚킽‚µ‚Ì’†‚ɂȂ¢�v ‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚Ü‚¾�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽ˆÀ‚ª�A‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�¶‚¶‚½Œå‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚镽ˆÀ‚ð�‚‚߂Ċ®�¬‚³‚¹‚ç‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, �eatthi dhammā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu.

 

 

 

Thus he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents internally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents externally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mental contents. Now his awareness is established: "These are mental contents!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents as regards the seven factors of enlightenment.

 

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö ‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ê‚ªŽµ‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚ÍŽµ‚‚̌å‚è‚Ì—vˆö‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

E. Saccapabbaṃ

E. The Section on the Noble Truths

Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu.

Again, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the four noble truths.

Kathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu?

 

catūsu �@�@4

ariyasaccesu�@�@ ariya+sacca

ariya�F[adj�D] noble; distinguished�D

�im�D�j�Ca noble man; one who has attained higher knowledge

sacca�F[nt�D] truth�Dadj�Dtrue�G real�@�@�^ŽÀ�C’ú�C�^—�

 

How, monks, does a monk dwell observing mental contents in mental contents, as regards the four noble truths?

 

5. Žl‚‚Ì�^—� �iŽl�¹’ú �F ‹ê�A�W�A–Å�A“¹�j

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚ÍŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚Å‚Í�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�AŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚ÍŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚Æ�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu �eidaṃ dukkhaṃ�f ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, �eayaṃ dukkhasamudayo�f ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, �eayaṃ dukkhanirodho�f ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, �eayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā�f ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

 

dukkhaṃ

yathābhūtaṃ�@�@ According to the reality�Crightly�Ctruly�Ccorrectly

 

yathā�F[adv�D] as�G like�G in relation to�G according to�G in whatever way�G just as

Bhūta�C[pp�Dof bhavati�CVedic etc�Dbhūta] grown�Cbecome; born�Cproduced; nature as the result of becoming�D

 

dukkhasamudaya�@�@�F[m.] the origin of suffering.

samudaya�isaṃ+u+aya�j[saṁ+udaya] rise�G origin�G produce

dukkhanirodho�@�@�@ destruction of suffering

Nirodha�C[BSk�Dnirodha�Cto nirundhati�Ccp�Dnirujjhati & niruddha] oppression�Csuppression�G destruction�Ccessation�Cannihilation �iof senses�Cconsciousness�Cfeeling & being in general�Fsaṅkhārā�j

dukkhanirodhagāminī

�ithe practice�j leading to the extinction of suffering.

gāminī [gamu+ṇī+inī]�@ Reachable

gam�C�igacch�j �iž�gach�Cgam�j﹐�yŽš�ªI.�z‹Ž�A‘–�ito go�j

 

Here, monks, a monk understands properly as it is, "This is suffering"; he understands properly as it is, "This is the arising of suffering"; he understands properly as it is, "This is the cessation of suffering"; he understands properly as it is, "This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering."

 

�u‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚¾�v ‚Æ�A‹ê‚ðŽÀ�Û‚ÉŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �i‹ê‚Ì�^—��jDukkhasaccaniddeso

�u‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚¾�v ‚Æ�A‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚ðŽÀ�Û‚ÉŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �i‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Ì�^—��jSamudayasaccaniddeso

�u‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å‚¾�v ‚Æ�A‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å‚ðŽÀ�Û‚ÉŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �i‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å‚Ì�^—��jNirodhasaccaniddeso

�u‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚¾�v ‚Æ�A‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚ðŽÀ�Û‚ÉŽ©Šo‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �i‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚Ì�^—� �jMaggasaccaniddeso

 

5. Žl‚‚Ì�^—� (Žl�¹’ú�j

a. ‹ê‚Ì�^—� �u‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚¾�v ‚Æ�A‹ê‚ðŽÀ�Û‚É‹C‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Dukkhasaccaniddeso

Exposition of the Truth of Suffering

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ?

And what, monks, is the Noble Truth of Suffering?

Jāti pi dukkhā, jarā pi dukkhā, (byādhi pi dukkhā,)24 maraṇaṃ pi dukkhaṃ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā pi dukkhā, appiyehi sampayogo pi dukkho, piyehi vippayogo pi dukkho, yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.

byādhi =vyādhi [vy+ā+dhā] lit�D�gupsetúW sickness�Cdisease

sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā    sorrow and suffering

sokaparideva+dukkha+domanass+upāyāsā

sokaparideva �@�@�@�@Anxiety and crying

domanassa�Flit�D'sad-mindedness'�Cgrief�Ci.e�Dmentally painful feeling �icetasika-vedanā�j�Cis one of the 5 feelings �ivedanā�Cq.v.�j and one of the 22 faculties �iindriya�Cq.v.�j�D

According to the Abhidhamma�Cgrief is always associated with antipathy and grudge�Cand therefore kammically unwholesome �iakusala�Cq.v.�j

upāyāsā�@«upa+ā+yasa+ṇa�iupa + āyāsa�j �@tribulation�G grief

upa�FBelow�Cless�@�@‹ß‚­�@‘S•”

āyāsa�@�@ trouble; sorrow

appiyehi�@ appiya�F[adj�D] unpleasant; disagreeable�D

piyehi �@�@ piya�F[adj�D] dear�G amiable�G beloved�D

vippayogo�@�@�FSeparation

yampicchaṃ

labhati�@�@ [labh + a] gets�G obtains�G attains�D

saṅkhittena�@

saṅkhitta[pp saṅkhipati] contracted�Gabridged�Gshortened�G folded

pañcupādānakkhandhā�@�@pañc+upādāna+kkhandhā�@ŒÜŽæå]

upādāna�Fn�D[upa-ā-dā-ana]�F'clinging'

Birth is suffering, old age is suffering, (sickness is suffering),24 death is suffering, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and distress are suffering, the association with something that one does not like is suffering, the disassociation with something that one does like is suffering, not to get what one desires is suffering; in short, the clinging to the five aggregates is suffering.

 

‹ê‚Ì�^—�‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

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Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jāti.

 

Yāè�Œn‘ã–¼ŽŒ ya�iwho�Cwhat�Cwhich�j�if�Dsin�Dof ya�j�Cwhatever woman

tesaṃ�lâi‘ã–¼ŽŒ‘æŽO�lâita�ihe / it/ she�Gthat‰“âi�F”Þ�j

sattānaṃ   sattā�FExistence

tamhi tamhi = tasmiṃ ‚»‚ê‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä

sattanikāye    friendly friendship

Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye

sañjāti       [saṁ+jāti] birth�Corigin�G outcome

okkanti  conceptionlit�D'descent'�C

designates the appearance of the embryo in the mother's womb

abhinibbatti [abhi + nibbatti] becoming�Cbirth�Crebirth

pātubhāvo    appearance�G coming into manifestation

āyatanānaṃ   āyatana�F[nt�D] sphere; region; sense-organ; position

paṭilābho  Obtaining�Cattainment�Cacquisition

vuccati�@�@ [vac + ya] to be said or called

 

And what, monks, is birth? If there is birth for all kinds of beings in whatever kind of existence, their conception, their being born, their becoming, the coming into manifestation of their aggregates, the acquisition of their sense faculties - this, monks, is called birth.

 

Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jarā? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarā.

 

jarā [jara+a+ā  �if�D�j decay�G old age�Djāra �im�D�j a paramour

jīraṇatā [jīraṇa+tā] �j

 [n�Dabstr�Dof jīr=jar�Csee jarati�G cp�Djarā & jiṇṇatā] the state of being decayed or aged�Cold age�Cdecay�Cdecrepitude

khaṇḍiccaṃ�FState of being broken

pāliccaṃ�FHoariness�Cgreyness of hair

valittacatā  The appearance of wrinkles.

valittaca�F[adj�D] with wrinkled skin

āyuno  āyu�F[nt�D] age�DGr�Dai]w/n �gaeonúW

saṃhāni [saṃ-hāni] ‘¹Œ¸�CŒ¸‘Þ

indriyānaṃ  indriya  �ª�CдН�CŠ´Šo’mŠo“™‚Ì”\—Í

paripāko[pari+pac] 1�Dripeness�Cmaturity�Cdevelopment�Cperfection

pac      �yŽš�ªVII�D�z�Á‰»�ito digest�j

 

 

And what, monks, is old age? If there is old age for all kinds of beings in whatever kind of existence, their getting frail and decrepit, the breaking [of their teeth], their becoming grey and wrinkled, the running down of their life span, the deterioration of their sense faculties - this, monks, is called old age.

 

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ? Yaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ.

 

maraṇaṃ

cuti vanishing�Cpassing away�Cdecease�Cshifting out of existence

cavanatā     state of shifting�Cremoval

bhedo�FBreaking; rending; division; disunion; breach�Cschism;kind

antaradhānaṃ�F[nt.] disappearance.

maccu�FDeath�G yama

kālakiriyā  �F[f�D] death�D

nikkhepo�FPutting down�Cdepositing�Crejection

jīvitindriyassupacchedo�@ jīvit+indriya+ssupacchedo

jīvita�F'Life�Cvitality'�Cmay be either physical �irūpa-jīvitindriya�j or mental �ināma-jīvitindriya�j�D

The latter is one of the mental factors inseparably associated with all consciousness

supaccatthata�Fa�D[su-paṭi-ā-stṛ ‚Ì pp�D] ‚æ‚­•~‚©‚ꂽ

 

And what, monks, is death? If there is vanishing and passing away for all kinds of beings in whatever kind of existence, their disintegration, their disappearance, their dying, their death, the completion of their life span, the dissolution of the aggregates, the discarding of the body, the destruction of their vitality - this, monks, is called death.

 

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, soko? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa soko socanā socitattaṃ antosoko antoparisoko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, soko.

 

soko�FSorrow�Cgrief�Cmourning

aññataraññatarena [aññatara+aññatara]

aññatara�F[adj.] certain�G not well-known.

[añña ‚Ì”äŠr‹‰] 笈ê�C“ñŽÒ‚̈ê

byasanena �@�@�@Byasana�Cvyasana [vi+asa+yu]

Vyasana [vy+as] misfortune�Cmisery�Cruin�Cdestruction�Closs

samannāgatassa

Samannāgata [saṁ+anvāgata] followed by�Cpossessed of�Cendowed with

phuṭṭhassa phuṭṭha�F[pp�Dof phusati] touched�G reached�G attained

socanā[f�D] sorrowing—J�D�D

socitatta [socita-tta] �int�D�j sorrowfulness—J�D�D

antosoko [anto+soka] Internal dehydration – grief

anto�F[ind.] inside�G within�G inner

antoparisoko [anto+parisoka] Frequent internal anxiety and grief

Parisoka�C[pari+soka] great grief�Csevere mourning

And what, monks, is sorrow? Whenever one, monks, is affected by various kinds of loss and misfortune, that are followed by this or that kind of painful state of mind, by sorrow, by mourning, by sorrowfulness, by inward grief, and by deep inward woe - this, monks, is called sorrow.

 

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paridevo? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa ādevo paridevo ādevanā paridevanā ādevitattaṃ paridevitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paridevo.

 

paridevo [pari+deva of div�Cdevati �FLamentation�Cwailing

byasanena [vi+asa+yu] �@=vyasana

vyasana�F[nt�D] misfortune�G ruin�G destruction

ādevo �@ ādeva�F[m.] lamenting�G crying�G deploring

paridevo�FLamentation�Cwailing

ādevanā«ā+devu+yu»�F[f.] lamenting�G crying�G deploring.

ādevitattaṃ

paridevitattaṃ [paridevita-tta’Š�Û–¼ŽŒ]  

 

And what, monks, is lamentation? Whenever one, monks, is affected by various kinds of loss and misfortune, that are followed by this or that kind of painful state of mind, by wailing and crying, by lamentation, by deep wailing, by deep lamentation, by the state of deep wailing and deep lamentation - this, monks, is called lamentation.

 

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ?25 Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ.

kāyikaṃ [kāya-ika] relating to the resulting from the body

asātaṃ �@[a + sāta�@ [adj�D] disagreeable�D�int�D�j pain; suffering

kāyasamphassajaṃ [kāyasamphassa+jana+kvi�ê�Š]

bodily faculties; Caused by bodily samphasa.

vedayitaṃ�@ [pp�Dof vedeti] felt�Cexperienced

And what, monks, is pain?25 If there is, monks, any kind of bodily pain, any kind of bodily unpleasantness or any kind of painful or unpleasant sensation as a result of bodily contact - this, monks, is called pain.

 

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ?25 Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ manosamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ.

 

domanassaṃ�FDejection�Cgloom�Cmelancholy

domanassa�Flit�D'sad-mindedness'�Cgrief�Ci.e�Dmentally painful feeling �icetasika-vedanā�j�Cis one of the 5 feelings �ivedanā�Cq.v.�j and one of the 22 faculties �iindriya�Cq.v.�j�DAccording to the Abhidhamma�Cgrief is always associated with antipathy and grudge�Cand therefore kammically unwholesome

cetasikaṃ

cetasika�F'mental things�Cmental factors'�Care those mental concomitants which are bound up with the simultaneously arising consciousness �icitta = viññāṇa�j and conditioned by its presence �DWhereas in the Suttas all phenomena of existence are summed up under the aspect of 5 groups�Fcorporeality�Cfeeling�Cperception�Cmental formations�Cconsciousness �is�Dkhandha�j�Cthe Abhidhamma as a rule treats them under the more philosophical 3 aspects�Fconsciousness�Cmental factors and corporeality �icitta�Ccetasika�Crūpa�j�DThus�Cof these 3 aspects�Cthe mental factors �icetasika�j comprise feeling�Cperception and the 50 mental formations�Caltogether 52 mental concomitants�DOf these�C25 are lofty qualities �ieither kammically wholesome or neutral�j�C14 kammically unwholesome�Cwhile 13 are as such kammically neutral�Ctheir kammical quality depending on whether they are associated with wholesome�Cunwholesome or neutral consciousness�D

dukkhaṃ

manosamphassajaṃ [manosamphassa+jana+kvi]

born of mind-contact

 

And what, monks, is grief?25 If there is, monks, any kind of mental pain, any kind of mental unpleasantness or any kind of painful or unpleasant sensation as a result of mental contact - this, monks, is called grief.

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Katamo ca, bhikkhave, upāyāso? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsitattaṃ upāyāsitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, upāyāso.

upāyāso�FDesperation�Cdespair

byasanena�F[nt�D] misfortune�G ruin�G destruction

samannāgatassa samannāgata�Fendowed with�G possessed of

āyāso�@�@ āyāsa�C�im�D�j�Ctrouble; sorrow

 

 

And what, monks, is distress? Whenever one, monks, is affected by various kinds of loss and misfortune, that are followed by this or that kind of painful state of mind, by tribulation, by distress, affliction with distress and affliction with great distress - this, monks, is called distress.

 

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti aniṭṭhā akantā amanāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti anatthakāmā ahitakāmā aphāsukakāmā ayogakkhemakāmā, yā tehi saddhiṃ saṅgati samāgamo samodhānaṃ missībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho.

 

appiyehi [appa+ṇe+ṇya�iapya-saṃ�j] unpleasant; disagreeable

sampayogo

appiyehi sampayogo ‰…‘ž‚Æ‚Ì�‡‰ï

aniṭṭhā [na+niṭṭhā] unpl [an-iṭṭha] easant�G not agreeable.

akantā . [a-kanta] unpleasant •s—~“I�C•s‰õ“I.

amanāpā [a-manāpa�Ca-manāpika] detesful•s‰ÂˆÓ“I�C•s“KˆÓ“I.

saddā�@ sadda�F[m�D] sound�G noise�G a word�D

gandhā

rasā

anatthakāmā [na+atthakāma. anattha+kamu+ṇa]

atthakāma�F[adj�D] well-wishing

who do not want growth; Who desires decline

want to cause disadvantage

ahitakāmā [na+hita+kāma] want to cause unhappiness

aphāsukakāmā [aphāsuka+kamu+ṇa. na+phāsukakāma]

Who wants to live in misery; Who do not want to live in peace

phāsukakāma �@�@�@�@�@want to be rich.

ayogakkhemakāmā [na+yogakkhema+kāma]

want not to be free from the yoke of suffering

yogakkhema[yoga+khema] release from the attachments�D

saṅgati [f�D] association with�@meeting�@intercourse�@union

samāgamo  samāgamo�FAssembly�G intercourse�Csociety

samāgacchati [saṃ + ā + gam + a] meets together

ā-�F‡@ pref. prep. [�V] ‚Ü‚Å�C‚©‚ç�C�Ÿ•û‚Ö. ‡A [a ‚ªŒ`—eŽŒ�C’Š�Û–¼ŽŒ‚Ì‚½‚ß‚É�Cā ‚Æ‚È‚é‚±‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚é�Farūpa �¨ āruppa�Caroga �¨ ārogya�Calasa �¨ ālasiya].

samodhānaṃ [saṁ+odhāna] collocation�Ccombination

missībhāvo  coexistence  The state of mixing. Integration

missī-�F[=missa] �¬�‡‚Ì�CŒ‹�‡‚Ì�Dmissībhāva �«Œð�C�‡ˆê

And what, monks, is the suffering of being associated with what one does not like? Wherever and whenever one finds unpleasant, disagreeable or disliked objects of sight, sound, smell, taste, touch or of the mind, or, whenever and wherever one finds that there are wishers of one�fs own misfortune, harm, difficulties or of one�fs own insecurity; if one gets associated, one meets, one comes into contact or gets combined with them - this, monks, is called the suffering of being associated with what one does not like.

 

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti iṭṭhā kantā manāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti atthakāmā hitakāmā phāsukakāmā yogakkhemakāmā mātā vā pitā vā bhātā vā bhaginī vā mittā vā amaccā vā ñātisālohitā vā, yā tehi saddhiṃ asaṅgati asamāgamo asamodhānaṃ amissībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho.

piyehi �@�@�@ piya�F[adj�D] dear�G amiable�G beloved

vippayogo �@�FSeparation

iṭṭhā [pp�Dof icchati] pleasing�Cwelcome�Cagreeable�Cpleasant

iṭṭha kanta manāpa �iof objects pleasing to the senses�j

kantā �@ kanta�F[adj�D] pleasant�G lovely�G agreeable

manāpā �@ manāpa�F[adj�D] pleasing�G charming

panassa�@�@ panaˆ½–”+assa”Þ�i—z�Dšd�D›¢Ši�j�j﹐–””Þ

atthakāmā [attha+kamu+ṇa]�@well-wishing�D

hitakāmā �@�@�@ want good luck�@�@�@ I want business.

hitakara�F[adj.] doing what is beneficial.

phāsukakāmā �@�@�@ I want to be rich.

phāsuka�F[adj�D] pleasant�Cconvenient�D

yogakkhemakāmā [yogakkhema+kāmu+ṇa]�@ The Four Noble Truths

want to be freed from the yoke of suffering

yogakkhema [yoga+khema�@release from the attachments�D

mātā �@ A mother�G a maternal grandmother

pita�@�@ pitar�Fm�D[Sk�Dpitṛ] •ƒ�C•ƒ‘c�D�isg�D�j nom�Dpitā

bhātā �@�FA brother; a cousin germane

bhaginī �F[f�D] sister�D

mittā�@�@�@love

amacca�F[m.] 1. a privy councillor�G 2. a fellow-worker�G colleague.

ñātisālohitā�F[m�D] relations and blood-relations

asaṅgati

asamāgamo

asamodhānaṃ

amissībhāvo

 

 

And what, monks, is the suffering of being disassociated with what one does like? Wherever and whenever one finds pleasant, agreeable or liked objects of sight, sound, smell, taste, touch or of the mind, or, whenever and wherever one finds that there are wishers of one�fs own fortune, prosperity, comfort or of one�fs own security, like mother and father, like brother and sister, like friends and colleagues or relatives; if one gets disassociated, one does not meet, one does not come into contact or does not get combined with them - this, monks, is called the suffering of being disassociated with what one does like.

 

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ? Jātidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati: �eaho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā�f ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idaṃ pi yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ.

 

yampicchaṃ

labhati�F[labh + a] gets�G obtains�G attains�D

aho�F[ind.] exclamation of surprise or consternation.

vata�@ŽÀ‚É

mayaṃ

jātidhammā�@�@ [adj�D] subject to rebirth�D

assāma  ­=�@ atthi�FTo be�Cto exist

āgaccheyyā�f āgacchi�F[aor. of āgacchati] came to�G approached.

panetaṃ = Paṇeti�C[pa+nī] to lead on to�Cbring out�Cadduce�Capply

“K—p�A”»Œˆ

pattabbaṃ�F[pt�Dp�Dof pāpunāti] what should be gained�Cattained or reached

 

 

 

And what, monks, is not getting what one desires? In beings, monks, who are subject to birth the desire arises: "Oh, truly, that we were not subject to birth! Oh, truly, may there be no new birth for us!" But this cannot be obtained by mere desire; and not to get what one wants is suffering.

 

Jarādhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati: �eaho vata mayaṃ na jarādhammā assāma, na ca vata no jarā āgaccheyyā�f ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idaṃ pi yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ

 

 

 

.

In beings, monks, who are subject to old age the desire arises: "Oh, truly, that we were not subject to old age! Oh, truly, may we not be subject to old age!" But this cannot be obtained by mere desire; and not to get what one wants is suffering.

 

Byādhidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati: �eaho vata mayaṃ na byādhidhammā assāma, na ca vata no byādhi āgaccheyyā�f ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idaṃ pi yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ.

Byādhidhammānaṃ

 

 

In beings, monks, who are subject to sickness the desire arises: "Oh, truly, that we were not subject to sickness! Oh, truly, may there be no sickness for us!" But this cannot be obtained by mere desire; and not to get what one wants is suffering.

 

Maraṇadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati: �eaho vata mayaṃ na maraṇadhammā assāma, na ca vata no maraṇaṃ āgaccheyyā�f ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idaṃ pi yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ.

 

 

 

In beings, monks, who are subject to death the desire arises: "Oh, truly, that we were not subject to death! Oh, truly, may we never have to die!" But this cannot be obtained by mere desire; and not to get what one wants is suffering.

 

Sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati: �eaho vata mayaṃ na sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā assāma, na ca vata no sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā āgaccheyyuṃ�f ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ. Idaṃ pi yampicchaṃ na labhati taṃ pi dukkhaṃ.

 

 

 

In beings, monks, who are subject to sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and distress the desire arises: "Oh, truly, that we were not subject to sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and distress! Oh, truly, may we not suffer from sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and distress!" But this cannot be obtained by mere desire; and not to get what one wants is suffering.

 

Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā? Seyyathidaṃ - rūpupādānakkhandho vedanupādānakkhandho saññupādānakkhandho saṅkhārupādānakkhandho viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.

Seyyathidaṃ�isa+yathā+idaṁ�j�y–³�z”@‰ºWhat is this parable?

rūpupādānakkhandho

vedanupādānakkhandho

saññupādānakkhandho

saṅkhārupādānakkhandho

viññāṇupādānakkhandho

ImeŽwަ‘ã–¼ŽŒ ay / i�ithis / these�j

vuccanti�@ vuccati�F[vac + ya] to be said or called�D

saṅkhittena�@ã`Ї’n說�AŠÈ—ª’n

saṅkhitta�F[pp�Dof saṅkhipati] contracted�G abridged�G shortened

 

And how, monks, in short, is clinging to the five aggregates suffering? It is as follows - clinging to the aggregate of matter is suffering, clinging to the aggregate of sensation is suffering, clinging to the aggregate of perception is suffering, clinging to the aggregate of reaction is suffering, clinging to the aggregate of consciousness is suffering. This, monks, in short, is called suffering because of clinging to these five aggregates.

Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

 

 

 

This, monks, is the Noble Truth of Suffering.

 

Samudayasaccaniddeso

Exposition of the Truth of the Arising of Suffering

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ?

And what, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Arising of Suffering?

Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ, kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā.

 

dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkha+samudaya�i=saṃ+u+aya�j]

samudaya�F[m�D] rise�G origin�G produce�D

Yāyaṃè�Œn‘ã–¼ŽŒ ya�iwho�Cwhat�Cwhich�j

taṇhā�ilit�D'thirst'�j�F'craving'�Cis the chief root of suffering�Cand of the ever-continuing cycle of rebirths�DúWWhat�Co monks�Cis the origin of suffering? It is that craving which gives rise to ever-fresh rebirth and�Cbound up with pleasure and lust�Cnow here�Cnow there�Cfinds ever fresh delight�DIt is the sensual craving �ikāma-taṇhā�j�Cthe craving for existence �ibhava-taṇhā�j�Cthe craving for non-existence �ivibhava-taṇhā�júW

taṇhā�FLust�Cdesire�Chuman passion�DTaṇhā is a technical termthat is found in Buddhist philosophy�Cand is one of the links of the paṭiccasamuppāda�DThe three taṇhās are kāmataṇhā�Crūpat�D�Carūpat�D�Cdesire for rebirth in the three forms of existence

ponobbhavik⓱’v�Ä�¶�@Lead to regeneration

becomes a condition for rebirth

nandīrāgasahagatā [nandī �indi�j rāga+saha+gata]

nandī�FRejoicing in

rāga�F'lust'�C'greed'�Cis a synonym of lobha �is�Dmūla�j�Ctaṇhā  and abhijjhā

rāga�F[m�D] colour�G hue�G dye

sahagata�F[adj�D] connected or endowed with

tatratatrābhinandinī [tatratatra+abhinandinī]

tatratatra �@�@here and there

Abhinandin [abhi+nandati] rejoicing at�Cfinding pleasure in

seyyathidaṃ�@�@ seyyathā�FAs�Cjust as

kāmataṇhā �@�@�@Lust for sensual pleasures;

bhavataṇhā �@�@ craving for rebirth

vibhavataṇhā�@ non-existential love�@

The craving for the break-up of life;

The craving for the cessation of life

 

 

 

It is this craving that occurs again and again and is bound up with pleasure and lust and finds delight now here, now there. That is, the craving for sensual pleasures, the craving for repeated rebirth and the craving for annihilation.

 

b. ‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Ì�^—�

‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Ì�^—�‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚ê‚ÍŠ‰–]‚±‚»‚ª�A�V‚½‚È“]�¶‚ð�¶‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B

Љ–]taṇhā‚Í�A‚½‚Ü‚½‚Ü�¶‚¶‚½‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂Ȍ‘̂̒†�A“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚Ì’†‚É�A‘å‚«‚ÈŠì‚Ñ‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯�A–¡‚í‚¢�A‰ä‚ª•¨‚É‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Í�A“÷‘Ì“I‰õŠy‚ð‹�‚߂銉–]‚Å‚ ‚è�A‚æ‚è‚æ‚¢�¶‚ð‹�‚߂銉–]‚Å‚ ‚è�A‰ð’E‚ð‹�‚߂銉–]‚Å‚·�B‚»‚±‚ɂ͊½Šì‚ÆŽ·’…‚ª”º‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

�î—~�A�¶‘¶—~�A�@�@�@�@

–Å—~�@ˆê“x‚Á‚«‚è‚Ì�¶‚Å‚ ‚è�AŽ€Œã‚Í–³‚Å‚ ‚é�@ˆ«Ž–‚ð�s‚­‚µ‚½‚̂ŋ°‚ꂪ‚ ‚é�@—Ö‰ô‚̂Ȃ¢�Ià�‚ð‹�‚ß‚é

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha uppajjamānā uppajjati, kattha nivisamānā nivisati?

But where does this craving, monks, arise and where does it get established?

Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

 

 

Wherever in the world [of mind and matter] there is something enticing and pleasurable, there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞�A‚Ç‚±‚Å�¶‚¶‚é‚̂łµ‚傤�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞�A‚Ç‚±‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂łµ‚傤�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚Ä’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì“Á�«‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚Ä’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Kiñca loke26 piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Ghānaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Jivhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Kayo loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

 

 

But what in the world26 [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable? The eye in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The ear �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The nose �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The tongue �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The body �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mind in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

Šì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì“Á�«‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Rūpā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

piyarūpaṃ piyarūpa�F[nt�D] an enticing object of sight

sātarūpa�@�@ Beautiful image. Pleasant.�@�@ pleasing color

etthesā �@�@ ettha�F[adv.] here.

uppajjamāna[pp�@uppajjati]arisen�Gcoming into existence�D

nivisamānā [ni+visa+māna]

nivisati[ni + vis + a] settles down�Genters�Gestablishes oneself

Dhammā loke

 

 

Visible objects, material forms in the world [of mind and matter], are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. Sounds �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. Smells �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. Tastes �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. Touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The contents of the mind in the world [of mind and matter] are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke

Manoviññāṇaṃ loke

 

The eye consciousness in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The ear consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The nose consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The tongue consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The body consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mind consciousness in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚̈ӎ¯‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚̈ӎ¯‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Cakkhusamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Ghānasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Jivhāsamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Kāyasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Cakkhusamphasso

 

The eye contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The ear-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The nose-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The tongue-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The body-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mind-contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke

 

The sensation arising from the eye-contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The sensation arising from the ear-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The sensation arising from the nose-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The sensation arising from the tongue-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The sensation arising from the body-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The sensation arising from the mind-contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Rūpasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Rūpasaññā loke

 

The perception of visible objects, of material forms, in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The perception of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The perception of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The perception of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The perception of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The perception of mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Rūpasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Rūpasañcetanā«rūpa+sañcetanā]

Sañcetanā [saṁ+cetanā] thought�Ccogitation�Cperception�Cintention

sātarūpaṃ�@�@�@ Beautiful image. Pleasant.

 

The mental reaction to visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mental reaction to sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mental reaction to smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mental reaction to tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mental reaction to touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The mental reaction to mind objects, mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚Ü‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Rūpataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Rūpataṇhā  craving after form

 

 

 

The craving after visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The craving after sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The craving after smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The craving after tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The craving after touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The craving after mind objects, mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Rūpavitakko27 loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Rūpavitakko�@«rūpa+vitakka]�@�@ color range

Vitakka�C[vi+takka] reflection�Cthought�Cthinking�G �ginitial application�h

takka�F[m�D] thought�G reasoning�G logic�D�int�D�j�C

2 buttermilk �iwith 1/4 water�j�Cincluded in the five products from a cow �ipañca gorasā�j at Vin�DI�C244

The thought conception27 of visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The thought conception of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The thought conception of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The thought conception of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The thought conception of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The thought conception of mind objects, mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Ì ˆêŽŸŽv�l ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

Rūpavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Saddavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Gandhavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Rasavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

 

Rūpavicāro�@«rūpa+vicāra] �@�@four colors

If you have a vision you can think and reason.

Vicāra�C[vi+cāra] investigation�Cexamination�Cconsideration�Cdeliberation

Cāra  motion�Cwalking�Cgoing; doing�Cbehaviour�Caction�Cprocess Miln�D162 �i+vihāra�j; Dhs�D8=85 �i=vicāra�j; DhsA�D167

The rolling in thoughts of visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The rolling in thoughts of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The rolling in thoughts of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The rolling in thoughts of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The rolling in thoughts of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established. The rolling in thoughts of mind objects, mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving arises and gets established.

Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ

 

 

 

This, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Arising of Suffering.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Ì “ñŽŸŽv�l ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É�¶‚¶‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª’è’…‚·‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚É’è’…‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Ì�^—�‚ƌĂ΂ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

 

Nirodhasaccaniddeso

Exposition of the Truth of the Cessation of Suffering

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ?

And what, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering?

Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo. Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha pahīyamānā pahīyati, kattha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati? Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

dukkhanirodhaṃ   destruction of suffering.

ni-�Fpref�D‡@ [Sk�Dni-] ‰º‚É�D‡A =nir- [Sk�Dniḥ-] ”Û�C–³

rodha�F[m�D] obstruction�G prevention�D

tassāyeva

tassāya�C�lâi‘ã–¼ŽŒ‘æŽO�lâita�ihe / it/ she�Gthat‰“âi�F”Þ�j

asesavirāganirodho [asesa+virāga+nirodha]

Asesa [a + sesa] not leaving a remnant�Call�Centire�Ccomplete

Virāga[vi+rāga]absence of rāga�Cdispassionateness�Cindifference

cāgo�FAbandoning;giving away; self-sacrifice�Cliberality

paṭinissaggo   Forsaking�Cgetting rid of

mutti  �F[f�D] release�G freedom�D

anālaya[an + ālaya] aversion�Cdoing away with  –³Ž·’…�C”ñ�Z

panesā

paṇeti�F[pa + ni + e] decrees �ia fine or punishment�j

kattha�F[adv�D] where?

pahīyamāna[p�Dpahīyati] vanishing�G passing away�G abandoning�D

nirujjhamānā [ni+rudha+ya+māna]

rudh1�D=grow=�¬’·�G 2�D=obstruct=в�ï

�yŽš�ªII�D�z‘jâG�ito hinder

�yŽš�ªIII�D�zŽù—v�ito desire�j�C—}�§�A–hŒì�ito restrain�j�B

nirujjhati�F[ni + rudh + ya] ceases�G dissolves�G vanishes

 

It is the complete fading away and cessation of this very craving, forsaking it and giving it up; the liberation from it, leaving no place for it. But where may this craving, monks, be eradicated; where may it be extinguished? Wherever in the world [of mind and matter] there is something enticing and pleasurable: there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

c. ‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å‚Ì�^—�

‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å ‚Ì�^—�‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚ê‚Í‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ÌŠ®‘S‚È’âŽ~‚Æ�Á–łł·�B•úŠü‚Æ”pŠü‚Å‚·�BЉ–]‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ©—R‚Æ•ª—£‚Å‚·�B

‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‚Ç‚±‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂łµ‚傤�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‚Ç‚±‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂łµ‚傤�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê�AŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì“Á�«‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê�AŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Šì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì“Á�«‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

 

Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Ghānaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Jivhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Kāyo loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

Kiñca [kiṃ+ca] kiñc�C﹐�yŽš�ª�z‘jâG�ito hinder�j

kiñci�F[ind�D] something�D�FA little�Crather

piyarūpa�F[nt�D] an enticing object of sight�D

 

But what in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable? The eye in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The ear �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The nose �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The tongue �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The body �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mind in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Rūpā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The objects of sight, the material forms in the world [of mind and matter], are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sounds �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The smells �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The tastes �c are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. Touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The contents of the mind in the world [of mind and matter] are enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The eye-consciousness in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The ear-consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The nose-consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The tongue-consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The body-consciousness �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mind-consciousness in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŽ‹ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A’®ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AškŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´ŠoˆÓޝ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì ˆÓޝ ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚̈ӎ¯‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚̈ӎ¯‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Cakkhusamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Ghānasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Jivhāsamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Kāyasamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The eye-contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The ear-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The nose-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The tongue-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The body-contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mind-contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

 

Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The sensation that arises from the eye contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sensation that arises from the ear contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sensation that arises from the nose contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sensation that arises from the tongue contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sensation that arises from the body contact �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The sensation that arises from the mind contact in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŽ‹Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A’®Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AškŠo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¤‚Ü‚ê‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¤‚Ü‚ê‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¤‚Ü‚ê‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì �Ú�G ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì�Ú�G‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Š´Šo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·

Rūpasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The perception of visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The perception of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The perception of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The perception of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The perception of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The perception of mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂̒mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì ’mŠo ‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ì’mŠo‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Rūpasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The mental reaction towards visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mental reaction towards sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mental reaction towards smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mental reaction towards tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mental reaction towards touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The mental reaction towards mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̎uŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŽuŒü‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Rūpataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The craving after visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The craving after sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The craving after smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The craving after tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The craving after touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The craving after mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ւ̊‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Ö‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Rūpavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

 

 

 

The thought conception of visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The thought conception of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The thought conception of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The thought conception of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The thought conception of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The thought conception of mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚ÍŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̈ꎟŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

Rūpavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Saddavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Gandhavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Rasavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.

The rolling in thoughts of visible objects in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The rolling in thoughts of sounds �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The rolling in thoughts of smells �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The rolling in thoughts of tastes �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The rolling in thoughts of touch �c is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished. The rolling in thoughts of mental contents in the world [of mind and matter] is enticing and pleasurable; there this craving may be eradicated and extinguished.

Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

 

 

 

This, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering.

 

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŒõŒi‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A“õ‚¢‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚̂ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Í�AŠì‚ÑŠy‚µ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤“Á�«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ª•úŠü‚³‚ê‚鎞‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚Å•úŠü‚³‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚ªŽ~‚ÞŽž‚É‚Í�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̓ñŽŸŽv�l‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ~‚ނ̂ł·�B

‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å‚Ì�^—�‚ƌĂ΂ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

 

 

 

Maggasaccaniddeso

Exposition of the Truth of the Path

Katamaṃ ca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammā-ājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.

 

dukkhanirodhagāminī

leading to the extinction of suffering' �i= 4th Noble Truth�j�G majjhima-paṭipadā�C'the Middle Way

paṭipadā [cf�Dpaṭi-pad�C] the road “¹�C�s“¹

Ayameva

ayaṁ�F‚±‚ê�C‚±‚Ì

aṭṭhaṅgika[aṭṭha-aṅgika-ika] having eight constituents�@”ªŽx‚Ì

seyyathidaṃ�@�@ seyyathāpi�F[ind�D] just as

sammādiṭṭhi

diṭṭhi�C�ilit�D'sight'�G �ãdis to see�j�Fview�Cbelief�Cspeculative opinion�Cinsight�DIf not qualified by sammā�C'right'�Cit mostly refers to wrong and evil view or opinion�Cand only in a few instances to right view�Cunderstanding or insight �ie.g�Ddiṭṭhi-ppatta�Cq.v.�G diṭṭhi-visuddhi�Cpurification of insight�G diṭṭhi-sampanna�Cpossessed of insight�j.

Wrong or evil views �idiṭṭhi or micchā-diṭṭhi�j

sammāsaṅkappo

Saṅkappa�C[saṁ+kḷp�Ccp�Dkappeti] thought�Cintention�Cpurpose

sammāvācā

vācā [vac�Cvakti & vivakti�G voice�Cword

sammākammanto

Kammanta[kamma+anta]doing�Cwork�Cbusiness�Coccupation�Cprofession

sammā-ājīvo

ājīvo�FLivelihood�Cliving�Csubsistence�Coccupation�Clife�Cconduct

Ājīva�C[ā + jīva] livelihood�Cmode of living�Cliving�Csubsistence

sammāvāyāmo

Vāyāma�C[fr�Dvi+ā+yam] striving�Ceffort�Cexertion�Cendeavour

sammāsati

sati�@memory�Crecognition�Cconsciousness

sammāsamādhi.

samādhi�F'concentration'�G lit�D'the �imental�j state of being firmly fixed' �isam+ā+�ãhā�j�Cis the fixing of the mind on a single object�DúWOne-pointedness of mind �icittassekaggatā�j

 

And what, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Path Leading to the Cessation of Suffering? It is this, the Noble Eightfold Path, namely: right understanding, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right awareness and right concentration.

 

d. ‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚Ì�^—� �@

‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚Ì�^—�‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚ê‚Í”ª�³“¹‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚‚܂è�A�³Œ©�A�³ŽvˆÒ�A�³Œê�A�³‹Æ�A�³–½�A�³�¸�i�A�³”O�A�³’è‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

 

Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi.

 

ñāṇa�FOf the 9 kinds of insight-knowledge constituting the paṭipadā-ñāṇadassana-visuddhi �is�DVis�DM�DXXI�j

wisdom�G insight

 

dukkhasamudaye [dukkha+samudaya�i=saṃ+u+aya�j]

the origin of suffering.

dukkhanirodhe�@ the extinction of suffering.

dukkhanirodhagāminiyā

dukkhanirodhagāminī�Fleading to the extinction of suffering.

paṭipadāya

paṭipadā�F'Road'�C'path'

dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadā�C'the road leading to the extinction of suffering'

And what, monks, is Right Understanding? It is this, monks: the knowledge of suffering, the knowledge of the arising of suffering, the knowledge of the cessation of suffering, the knowledge of the path leading to the cessation of suffering. This, monks, is called Right Understanding.

 

‚Å‚Í�A �³Œ© (Samma-ditthi: Right View or Understanding) ‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‹ê‚Ì—�‰ð�A‹ê‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Ì—�‰ð�A‹ê‚Ì�Á–ł̗�‰ð�A‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚Ì—�‰ð�A‚±‚ê‚ð�³Œ©‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṃsāsaṅkappo. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo.

Nekkhammasaṅkappo [nekkhamma+saṅkappa]

nekkhamma�F'freedom from sensual lust'�Crenunciation�DThough apparently from nir + �ãkram�C'to go forth �iinto the homeless state of a monk�j'�Cthis term is in the Pāḷi texts nevertheless used as if it were derived from kāma�Clust�Cand always as an antonym to kāma�D

abyāpādasaṅkappo [abyāpāda+saṅkappa]

abyāpāda�FúVhatelessnessúV�Cnon-ill-will�Cgoodness�G is one of the three kinds of right thought �is. sacca�CIV. 2�j�Cor wholesome thoughts �ivitakka�Cq.v.�j and is the 9th of the 10 wholesome courses of actions �ikammapatha II. q.v.�j. The most frequently used synonyms are adosa �is. mūla�j and mettā �is. brahma-vihāra�j

avihiṃsāsaṅkappo [avihiṃsā+saṅkappa]

avihiṃsā�C�iequivalents�Fahiṃsā�Cavihesā�j�F'harmlessness'�Cnonviolence�Cabsence of cruelty�DThe 'thought of harmlessness' �ior�F'non-cruelty'; avihiṃsā-vitakka�j is one of the three constituents of right thought �isammā-saṅkappa�j�Ci�De�Dthe 2nd factor of the Eightfold Path

And what, monks, is Right Thought? Thoughts of renunciation, thoughts that are free from aversion and thoughts that are free from violence. This, monks, is called Right Thought.

 

‚Å‚Í�A �³ŽvˆÒ (Samma-sankappa: Right Thought) ‚Ɖ½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B“÷—~‚©‚ç‚̉ð•ú‚Ö‚Æ“±‚­Žv�l�AŒ™ˆ«‚̂Ȃ¢Žv�l�AŽc‹s‚³‚̂Ȃ¢Žv�l�A‚±‚ê‚ð�³ŽvˆÒ‚ƌĂт܂·�B

 

Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvācā.

Musāvādā [musā+vāda]   lying

Musā [lit�D�gneglectfully�h] falsely�Cwrongly�G uṣually with verbs vadati�C bhanati�C bhāsati & brūti to speak falsely�Cto tell a lie

veramaṇī [viramaṇa,vīramaṇī] abstaining from  abstinence—£’E

pisuṇāya

Pisuṇa  backbiting�Ccalumnious�Cmalicious  �@ˆ«ˆÓ‚Ì‚ ‚é

vācāya

vācāyata�@Who speaks blamelessly

pharusāya �@

pharusa�F[adj�D] rough�G harsh�G unkind

samphappalāpā �@ slang�Cdirty language�Cslander�Cuseless talk

 

And what, monks, is Right Speech? Abstaining from lying, abstaining from slander and backbiting, abstaining from harsh words and abstaining from frivolous talk. This, monks, is called Right Speech.

 

‚Å‚Í�A �³Œê (Samma-vaca: Right Speech) ‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‰R�A ‰AŒû �Aˆ«Œû�A ‚¤‚킳˜b‚â–³‘ÊŒû �A‚±‚ê‚ç‚ð�T‚¦‚邱‚Æ�A‚±‚ê‚ð�³Œê‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammākammanto.

 

Pāṇātipātā�@�ipāṇaŒÄ‹z+atipātaŽE�jŽE�¶�iŽE—LŒÄ‹zŽÒ�j

adinnādānā�@�@ take something that has not been given�Ctheft

Nādhati�@�@�@ to have need of�Cto be in want of

kāmesumicchācārā�i=kāmesu micchā carati�jŽ×ˆú

carati�F[car + a] walks or roams about; behaves; practises; performs

 

And what, monks, is Right Action? Abstaining from killing, abstaining from taking what has not been given and abstaining from sexual misconduct. This, monks, is called Right Action.

 

‚Å‚Í�A�³‹Æ (Samma-kammanta: Right Action) ‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B �¶‚«•¨‚ðŽE‚³‚È‚¢ �A “�‚Ý‚ð‚µ‚È‚¢ �A‚Ý‚¾‚è‚É ˆú—~ ‚ɂӂ¯‚ç‚È‚¢�A‚±‚ê‚ð�³‹Æ‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammā-ājīvo? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako micchā-ājīvaṃ pahāya sammā-ājīvena jīvitaṃ kappeti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammā-ājīvo.

micchā-ājīvaṃ

ājīva�C�iāŒü+ jīva–½�G Sk. ājīva�j�C�y—z�z�¶Œv�C�¶Šˆ�C�¶‘¶�ilivelihood�Cmode of living�Cliving�Csubsistence

pahāya [abs�Dof pajahati] given up�Ghaving forsaken�Gabandoned

jīvitaṃ �@�@ Life

kappeti [kapp + e] prepares�G harnesses�G trims�G considers�G makes�G leads �ione's life�j

 

 

And what, monks, is Right Livelihood? Here, monks, a noble disciple having given up wrong ways of livelihood earns his livelihood by right means. This, monks, is called Right Livelihood.

 

‚Å‚Í�A�³–½ (Samma-ajiva: Right Livelihood) ‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½Žè’i‚Å�¶Œv ‚ð—§‚Ä‚¸‚É�A�³‚µ‚¢Žè’i‚Å�¶Œv‚ð—§‚Ä‚Ä�¶‚«‚Ä‚¢‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ð�³–½‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo.

 

anuppannānaṃ

anuppanna[an-uppanna] not born�G not arisen–¢�¶“I�C–¢�¶‹N“I

pāpakānaṃ

pāpakārī�F[adj�D] sinful�G wickedŽ×ˆ«�m•s�³�C•s“¹“¿�nŽô�p

akusalānaṃ

akusala�Fa. [a-kusala] demerit�G sin�G bad action

kusala�F'kammically wholesome' or 'profitable'�Csalutary�Cmorally good�C�iskillful�j Connotations of the term�Caccording to Com�D�iAṭṭhasālinī�j�Care�Fof good health�Cblameless�Cproductive of favourable kamma-result�Cskillful�DIt should be noted that Com�Dexcludes the meaning 'skillful'�Cwhen the term is applied to states of consciousness�D

 

It is defined in M�D9 as the 10 wholesome courses of action �is�Dkammapatha�j�DIn psychological terms�C'kammically wholesome' are all those kammical volitions �ikamma-cetanā�j and the consciousness and mental factors associated therewith�Cwhich are accompanied by 2 or 3 wholesome roots �is�Dmūla�j�Ci�De�Dby greedlessness �ialobha�j and hatelessness �iadosa�j�Cand in some cases also by non-delusion �iamoha�Fwisdom�Cunderstanding�j�DSuch states of consciousness are regarded as 'kammically wholesome' as they are causes of favourable kamma results and contain the seeds of a happy destiny or rebirth�DFrom this explanation�Ctwo facts should be noted�F�i1�j it is volition that makes a state of consciousness�Cor an act�C'good' or 'bad'�G �i2�j the moral criterion in Buddhism is the presence or absence of the 3 wholesome or moral roots �is�Dmūla�j�D

 

The above explanations refer to mundane �ilokiya�Cq�Dv�D�j wholesome consciousness�DSupermundane wholesome �ilokuttara-kusala�j states�Ci�De�Dthe four paths of sanctity �is�Dariyapuggala�j�Chave as results only the corresponding four fruitions�G they do not constitute kamma�Cnor do they lead to rebirth�Cand this applies also to the good actions of an Arahat �iTab�DI�C73-80�j and his meditative states �iTab�D1�C81-89�j�Cwhich are all kammically inoperative �ifunctional�G s�Dkiriya�j�D

 

Kusala belongs to a threefold division of all consciousness�Cas found in the Abhidhamma �iDhs�D�j�Cinto wholesome �ikusala�j�Cunwholesome �iakusala�j and kammically neutral �iavyākata�j�Cwhich is the first of the triads �itika�j in the Abhidhamma schedule �imātikā�j�G s�DGuide�Cpp�D4ff�D�C12ff�G Vis�DM�DXIV�C83ff�D

 

anuppādāya

anuppāda�Fm. [an-uppāda] •s�¶�C–³�¶. anuppāde ñāṇaṃ –³�¶’q.

chandaṃ

chanda�Fintention�Cdesire�Cwill.

 

1�DAs an ethically neutral psychological term�Cin the sense of 'intention'�Cit is one of those general mental factors �icetasika�Cq.v�DTab�DII�j taught in the Abhidhamma�Cthe moral quality of which is determined by the character of the volition �icetanā�Cq.v.�j associated therewith�DThe Com�Dexplains it as 'a wish to do' �ikattu-kamyatā-chanda�j�DIf intensified�Cit acts also as a 'predominance condition' �is�Dpaccaya 3�j.

 

2�DAs an evil quality it has the meaning of 'desire'�Cand is frequently coupled with terms for 'sensuality'�C'greed'�Cetc.�Cfor instance�Fkāma-cchanda�C'sensuous desire'�Cone of the 5 hindrances �is�Dnīvaraṇa�j�G chanda-rāga�C'lustful desire' �is�Dkāma�j�DIt is one of the 4 wrong paths �is�Dagati�j.

 

3�DAs a good quality it is a righteous will or zeal �idhamma-chanda�j and occurs�Ce.g�Din the formula of the 4 right efforts �is�Dpadhāna�j�FThe monk rouses his will �ichandaṃ janeti�j....úW If intensified�Cit is one of the 4 roads to power �is�DIddhipāda �j.

janeti [jan + e] generates�Ggives birth�@To bring forth�Cto cause

vāyamati [vi+ā+yam] to struggle�Cstrive�C to exert oneself

vīriyaṃ �@ vīra�F[adj�D] brave�G heroic�D�im�D�j a hero—EŽÒ

ārabhati [ā + rabh + a] 1�Dbegins; starts; 2�Dkills; tortures�D

paggaṇhāti [pa + gah + ṇhā] holds up�Gfavours�G stretches forth

padahati [pa + dah + a] strives�G takes up�G confronts

uppannānaṃ�@uppanna�F[pp�Dof uppajjati] reborn�Garisen�¶‹N‚¹‚épāpakānaṃ

papa�@Lat�Dpatior≈E�Dpassion etc�D�G Gr�DphƒÊa suffering�Cevil�G evil�Cbad�Cwicked�Csinful

ṭhitiyā �@ ṭhiti�F[f�D] stability�G duration�G continuance

asammosāya Asammosa[a + sammosa] absence of confusion

bhiyyobhāvāya [bhiyyo+bhāva]

bhiyyo�F[ind�D] exceedingly; more; in a higher degree; ”äŠr‹‰

vepullāya

Vepulla [vipula] full development�Cabundance�Cplenty�Cfullness

bhāvanāya

bhāvanā�F'mental development' �ilit�D'calling into existence�Cproducing'�j�@meditation�Dtranquillity �isamatha-bhāvanā�j�Ci�De�Dconcentration �isamādhi�j�Cand development of insight �ivipassanā-bhāvanā�j�Ci�De�Dwisdom �ipaññā�j�D

pāripūriyā �@ pāripūri�C�if�D�j fulfilment�G completion

 

 

And what, monks, is Right Effort? Here, monks, a monk generates the will to prevent the arising of unarisen evil unwholesome mental states; he makes strong effort, stirs up his energy, applies his mind to it and strives. To eradicate those evil unwholesome mental states that have arisen in him, he generates the will, makes strong effort, stirs up his energy, applies his mind to it and strives. To develop wholesome mental states that have not yet arisen in him, he generates will, makes strong effort, stirs up his energy, applies his mind to it and strives. To maintain wholesome mental states that have arisen in him, not to let them fade away, to multiply them and bring them to full maturity and to full development, he generates will, makes strong effort, stirs up his energy, applies his mind to it and strives. This, monks, is called Right Effort.

 

‚Å‚Í�A�³�¸�i (Samma-vdyama: Right Effort)‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

‚Ü‚¾�S‚É�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œ™ˆ«‚â•sŒ’‘S‚È�ó‘Ô‚ª�¶‚¶‚È‚¢‚悤‚É�AˆÓ—~‚ðŽ�‚¿�A“w—Í‚µ�A‹C—͂𕱂¢�A�S‚ðŒX‚¯�A”M�S‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�B

�S‚É�¶‚¶‚½Œ™ˆ«‚â•sŒ’‘S‚È�ó‘Ô‚Í•úŠü‚µ‚悤‚Æ�AˆÓ—~‚ðŽ�‚¿�A“w—Í‚µ�A‹C—͂𕱂¢�A�S‚ðŒX‚¯�A”M�S‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�B

‚Ü‚¾�S‚É�¶‚¶‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢Œ’‘S‚È�ó‘Ô‚ª�¶‚¶‚邿‚¤‚É�AˆÓ—~‚ðŽ�‚¿�A“w—Í‚µ�A‹C—͂𕱂¢�A�S‚ðŒX‚¯�A”M�S‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�B

�S‚É�¶‚¶‚½Œ’‘S‚È�ó‘Ԃ͈ێ�‚µ�A‚»‚ÌŒ’‘S‚È�ó‘Ô‚ª�Á‚¦‚¸‚É�A�L‚ª‚è�A‘å‚«‚­�¬’·‚µ�AŠ®‘S‚È‚à‚Ì‚É‚È‚é‚æ‚¤‚É�AˆÓ—~‚ðŽ�‚¿�A“w—Í‚µ�A‹C—͂𕱂¢�A�S‚ðŒX‚¯�A”M�S‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�B

‚±‚ê‚ð�³�¸�i‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāsati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsati.

 

vineyya[abs. vineti] having removed�iadj�D�jfit to be trained

abhijjhādomanassaṃ�iabhijjhāæÃ—~�y‰A�z+domanassa•s”@ˆÓ�y’†�z�j

domanassa�Flit�D'sad-mindedness'�Cgrief�Cmentally painful feeling

And what, monks, is Right Awareness? Here, monks, a monk dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing body in body, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing sensations in sensations, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing mind in mind, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]; he dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, observing mental contents in mental contents, having removed craving and aversion towards the world [of mind and matter]. This, monks, is called Right Awareness.

 

‚Å‚Í�A�³”O (Samma-sati: Right Mindfulness)‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

�g‘Ì‚Í�g‘̂ɂ·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Ƒӂ邱‚ƂȂ­�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚Æ—�‰ð‚µ�A�S‚É—¯‚߂܂·�B‚»‚̂悤‚É‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚ł̋­—~‚â—J‚¢‚ð‰“‚´‚¯‚é‚̂ł·�B

Š´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Ƒӂ邱‚ƂȂ­�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚Æ—�‰ð‚µ�A�S‚É—¯‚߂܂·�B‚»‚̂悤‚É‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚ł̋­—~‚â—J‚¢‚ð‰“‚´‚¯‚é‚̂ł·�B

�S‚Í�S‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Ƒӂ邱‚ƂȂ­�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚Æ—�‰ð‚µ�A�S‚É—¯‚߂܂·�B‚»‚̂悤‚É‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚ł̋­—~‚â—J‚¢‚ð‰“‚´‚¯‚é‚̂ł·�B

�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢ ‚Ƒӂ邱‚ƂȂ­�A‚«‚¿‚ñ‚Æ—�‰ð‚µ�A�S‚É—¯‚߂܂·�B‚»‚̂悤‚É‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚ł̋­—~‚â—J‚¢‚ð‰“‚´‚¯‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚±‚ê‚ð�³”O‚ƌĂт܂·�B

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ27 vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhaṃ ca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti: �eupekkhako satimā sukhavihārī�f ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi.

vivicceva�@�@ vivicca�FSeparating oneself from

savitakkaṃ

savitakka[sa-vitakka] accompanied by reasoning—L�q�C—LŠo‚Ì

savicāraṃ

savicāra [sa-vicāra] accompanied by investigation—LŽf�C—LŠÏ‚Ì

vivekajaṃ�@«viveka+jana+kvi

Viveka[vi+vic] detachment�Cloneliness�Cseparation�Cseclusion�gsingleness�h

pītisukhaṃ�@ pītisukha�@ Pleasure and wealth.�@ joy

paṭhamaṃ�F[adv�D] at first�G for the first time

jhānaṃ�FMeditation�Ccontemplation�Gmystic �Cecstasy�Ctrance

upasampajja

upasampajjati[upa+saṃ+pad+ya] attains�Gbecomes fully ordained

vitakkavicārānaṃ

vūpasamā�FSuppression

vūpasama[�ƒvi-upa-śam] relief�Gclamness�Gcessation Žâ�Ã�CŽâ–Å

ajjhattaṃ�FRelating to the individual�Cinternally�Csubjectively

sampasādanaṃ [saṁ+pasādana] tranquillizing �@happiness�Cjoy

Miln�D34�G Vism�D156�G DhsA�D170 in the the second Jhāna

 

ekodibhāvaṃ �@�@onepointedness�G concentration.

avitakkaṃ [a + vitakka] free from thought

avicāraṃ [na+vicāra] wordless Lack of thinking. No investigation

samādhijaṃ   produced by concentration

pītisukhaṃ  joy  Pleasure and wealth

dutiyaṃ    for the second time

pītiyā

pīti�Frapture�Centhusiasm �irendered also by joy�Chappiness�j�G interest it is one of the mental factors or concomitants �icetasika�j and belongs to the group of mental formations �isaṅkhāra-kkhandha�j�DAs�Cin Sutta texts�Cit is often linked in a compound word�Dwith 'gladness' �ipāmojja�j or 'happiness' �isukha�j�Csome Western translations have wrongly taken it as a synonym of these two terms�DPīti�Chowever�Cis not a feeling or a sensation�Cand hence does not belong to the feeling-group �ivedanā-kkhandha�j�Cbut may be described psychologically as 'joyful interest'�DAs such it may be associated with wholesome as well as with unwholesome and neutral states of consciousness�D

 

A high degree of rapture is characteristic of certain stages in meditative concentration�Cin insight practice �ivipassanā�j as well as in the first two absorptions �ijhāna�Cq�Dv�D�j�DIn the latter it appears as one of the factors of absorption �ijhānaṅga�G s�Djhāna�j and is strongest in the 2nd absorption�DFive degrees of intensity in meditative rapture are described in Vis�DM�DIV�D94ff�DIt is one of the factors of enlightenment �ibojjhaṅga�Cq�Dv�D�j�D

virāgā   Virāga[vi+rāga] absence of rāga�Cdispassionateness

upekkhako   disinterested�Cresigned  �ÓæV“I�C•sŠ´‹»Žï“I

paṭisaṃvedeti [paṭi + saṃ + vid + e] undergoes�G feels�G experiences

Paṭi�C�iindecl�D�j [Ved�Cprati�Cpreti as in Lat�Dpretium �ifr�Dpretios�j�h price�h�icp�Dprecious�j�CGr�Dprέs �iaeol�D�j

directional prefix in well-defined meaning of �gback �ito�j�Cagainst�Ctowards�Cin opposition to�Copposite�D

ācikkhanti   present�Crefer to

Ācikkhana [ā+cikkhana of cikkhati] telling�Cannouncing

sukhavihārī Having a feeling of ease or serenity

Sukha�C�iadj�D-n�D�j [Vedic sukha�G in R�DV�Donly of ratha�G later generally] agreeable�Cpleasant

pahānā [pajahati�ƒhā]removal�Ggiving up�Gabandoning ŽÌ—£

pubbeva   pubbe�Fformerly�G in the past�DˆÈ‘O‚É

somanassadomanassānaṃ  joy and favor

adukkhamasukhaṃ�iadukkha”ñ‹ê+m+asukha”ñžÙ�j•s‹ê•sŠy

upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ

«upekkhā+satipārisuddhi»peaceful society

pārisuddhi�C�if�D�j purity�D

catutthaṃ  catuttha�F[adj�D] fourth�D

upasampajja  upasampajjati[upa+saṃ+pad+ya] attains

 

 

And what, monks, is right concentration? Here monks, a monk, detached from craving, detached from unwholesome mental states, enters into the first absorption, born of detachment, accompanied by initial and sustained application of the mind27 and filled with rapture and bliss and he dwells therein. With the subsiding of initial and sustained application of the mind and gaining inner tranquillity and oneness of mind he enters into the second absorption, born of concentration, free from initial and sustained application of the mind, filled with rapture and bliss and he dwells therein. After the fading away of rapture he dwells in equanimity, aware with constant thorough understanding of impermanence, and he experiences in his body the bliss of which the noble ones say: "That bliss is experienced by one with equanimity and awareness." Thus he enters the third absorption and dwells therein. After the eradication of pleasure and pain and with joy and grief having previously passed away, he enters into a state beyond pleasure and pain, the fourth absorption, that is totally purified by equanimity and awareness and he dwells therein. This, monks, is called Right Concentration.

 

‚Å‚Í�A�³’è (Samma-samadhi: Right Concentration) ‚Ƃ͉½‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

“÷—~‚â•sŒ’‘S‚³‚ð�Ž•ž‚µ‚½�C�sŽÒ‚Í�A ˆêŽŸŽv�l‚Æ“ñŽŸŽv�l ‚Æ‚ðŽ�‚‘æˆê‚Ì ‘T’è ‚É“ž’B‚µ�A‚»‚±‚ɂƂǂ܂è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚±‚É‚Í (ŒÜ‚‚Ì) �áŠQ‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚Å�¶‚¶‚銽Šì‚ƈÀŠy‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

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‚±‚ê‚ð�³’è‚ÆŒÄ‚т܂·�B

Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.

This, monks, is the Noble Truth of the Path leading to the Cessation of Suffering.

Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, �eatthi dhammā�f ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evaṃ pi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu.

 

bahiddhā  outside; outer

ajjhattabahiddhā [ajjhatta+bahiddhā. ] internal and external

panassa�ipanaˆ½–”+assa”Þ�i—z�Dšd�D›¢Ši�j�j﹐–””Þ

paccupaṭṭhitā [pp�Dof paccupaṭṭhāti] was presentŒ»‹N‚¹‚é�CŒ»‘O‚Ì

[pati+upa+ṭhā+ta]

Yāvadeva [yāva+�iyāvade�jeva�D] As long as,Beyond,Too much

ñāṇamattāya      for the purpose of knowledge

mattā�if�D�ja measure�G quantity�G moderation�G size

paṭissatimattāya

Paṭissati�C�if�D�j [paṭi+sati of smṛ] mindfulness�Cremembrance�Cmemory

anissito [a-nissita] –³ˆË‚Ì  –³ˆËŽ~�A—£Ž·�A脫—£

upādiyati [upa+ā+dā] to take hold of�Ccling to�Cshow attachment

 

Thus he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents internally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents externally, or he dwells observing mental contents in mental contents both internally and externally. Thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away in the mental contents, thus he dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away in the mental contents. Now his awareness is established: "These are mental contents!" Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness. In this way he dwells detached, without clinging towards anything in the world [of mind and matter]. This is how, monks, a monk dwells observing mental contents in mental contents as regards the Four Noble Truths.

 

‚±‚ꂪ‹ê‚Ì�Á–łւ̓¹‚Ì�^—�‚ƌĂ΂ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

‚±‚̂悤‚É�AŽ©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚킽‚µ‚Ì‚à‚̂łà‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŒ»�Û‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B ‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B Ž©•ª‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à �A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚Í�S‚Ì’†–¡‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B �S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª�oŒ»‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚錴ˆö‚Æ�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B�S‚Ì’†–¡‚ªŽÀ�Û‚É�oŒ»‚µ�AŽÀ�Û‚É�Á–Å‚·‚é‚Ì‚ð�A Œ´ˆö ‚ƂƂà‚É�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B

‚‚܂è�A�°‚Å‚à‚È‚­�AŽ©•ª‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A‚킽‚µ‚Å‚à‚È‚­�A�S‚Ì’†–¡‚݂̂ª‘¶�Ý‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð�A‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŽ©Šo‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B‚±‚ÌŽ©Šo‚ª�A“´Ž@‚â‹C‚«‚ð’…ŽÀ‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚̂ł·�B�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AЉ–]‚â ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚à‚̂̌©•û ‚©‚ç‹——£‚ð’u‚«�A�¢‚Ì’†‚̉½‚à‚Ì‚É‚àŽ·’…‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å�¶‚«‚é‚̂ł·�B * (’� )

‚±‚ꂪŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚ÍŽl‚‚Ì�^—�‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚Æ�A‚¢‚Â‚àŠ´‚¶‚Ä�¶‚«‚é•û–@‚Ȃ̂ł·�B

 

6. Satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānisaṃso

6. The Results of the Establishing of Awareness

Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ28 bhāveyya sattavassāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: diṭṭheva dhamme aññā,29 sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.30

 

Yo�F[nom�Dsin�Dof ya] any person�G whoever�D

hi [ind.] because�G indeed.

koci [ind�D] some one�G whoever�D

sattavassāni  For seven years.

vassāna�C�im�D�j the rainy season

dvinnaṃ

dvi�F[adj.] two�D�ithe numeral�j dvika �F[nt.] a dyad�G pair�G couple.

phalānaṃ

phala�Flit�D'fruit'result�Ceffect�ioften together with hetu�Ccause�j

pāṭikaṅkhaṃ    to be desire or expected�D

diṭṭheva  

diṭṭha�F[pp�Dof passati] seen�G found�G understood�D�int.�j�Cvision.

aññā [Sk. ājñā�C= ā + jñā] knowledge�Crecognition�Cperfect knowledge

ā-�F‡@ pref. prep. [�V] ‚Ü‚Å�C‚©‚ç�C�Ÿ•û‚Ö.

upādisese

upādisesa  «upādi+sesa»

having some fuel of life left�G still dependent on existence�D

anāgāmitā   the state or condition of an Anāgāmin•sŠÒˆÊ�C•sŠÒ‰Ê

 

Indeed, monks, whoever practises this fourfold establishing of awareness in this manner28 for seven years, he may expect one of two results: in this very life highest wisdom29 or, if a substratum of aggregates remains, the stage of non-returner.30

 

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, sattavassāni. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya cha vassāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.

Let alone seven years, monks. Should any person practise this fourfold establishing of awareness in this manner for six years, one of two results may be expected in him: in this very life highest wisdom or, if a substratum of aggregates remains, the stage of non-returner.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, cha vassāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, pañca vassāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, cattāri vassāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, tīṇi vassāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, dve vassāni..pe.

Tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattamāsāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.

 

Tiṭṭhantu

cha

vassāni

tassa

aññataraṃ

pāṭikaṅkhaṃ

upādisese

anāgāmitā.

vassāni..pe.

vassaṃ

ime

sattamāsāni

aññataraṃ

pāṭikaṅkhaṃ

 

Let alone six years, monks...

Let alone five years, monks...

Let alone four years, monks...

Let alone three years, monks...

Let alone two years, monks...

Let alone one year, monks. Should any person practise this fourfold establishing of awareness in this manner for seven months, one of two results may be expected in him: in this very life highest wisdom or, if a substratum of aggregates remains, the stage of non-returner.

 

ƒTƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚Ì�¬‰Ê�i ˆ¢—…Š¿ ‚ɂȂ邩 ˆ¢“ßŠÜ ‚ɂȂ邩�j �@

’N‚à‚ª‚±‚ÌŽl‚‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚ð�A޵”NŠÔ‚±‚̂悤‚É�C�s‚·‚ê‚Î�AŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂӂ½‚‚Ì�¬‰Ê‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚̂ЂƂ‚ªŽÀ‚ðŒ‹‚Ñ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚̂܂܂Å�Aˆ¢—…Š¿‚Ì’iŠK‚É“ž’B‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŽ·’…�S‚ª‚Ü‚¾Žc‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚ê‚Î�Aˆ¢“ߊ܂̂悤‚È�ó‘Ô‚É“ž’B‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

޵”N‚Í–³—�‚Å‚à�A’N‚à‚ª‚±‚ÌŽl‚‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚ð�A˜Z”N�AŒÜ”N�AŽl”N�AŽO”N�A“ñ”N�Aˆê”N�c�B

ˆê”N‚Í–³—�‚Å‚à�A’N‚à‚ª‚±‚ÌŽl‚‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚ð�A޵‚©ŒŽ�A‚±‚̂悤‚É�C�s‚·‚ê‚Î�AŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚ɂӂ½‚‚Ì�¬‰Ê‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚̂ЂƂ‚ªŽÀ‚ðŒ‹‚Ñ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚̂܂܂Å�Aˆ¢—…Š¿‚Ì’iŠK‚É“ž’B‚·‚é‚̂ł·�BŽ·’…�S‚ª‚Ü‚¾Žc‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚ê‚Î�Aˆ¢“ߊ܂̂悤‚È�ó‘Ô‚É“ž’B‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, satta māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, cha māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, pañca māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, cattāri māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, tīṇi māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, dve māsāni...pe.

Tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, ekaṃ māsaṃ...pe.

Tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāsaṃ...pe.

Tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāso. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattāhaṃ, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.

 

māsaṃ

sattāhaṃ

dvinnaṃ

phalānaṃ

aññataraṃ

pāṭikaṅkhaṃ

 

Let alone seven months, monks...

Let alone six months, monks...

Let alone five months, monks...

Let alone four months, monks...

Let alone three months, monks...

Let alone two months, monks...

Let alone one month, monks...

Let alone half a month, monks...

Let alone half a month, monks. Should any person practise this fourfold establishing of awareness in this manner for seven days, one of two results may be expected in him: in this very life highest wisdom or, if a substratum of aggregates remains, the stage of non-returner

 

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�eEkāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya, dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya, ñāyassa adhigamāya, nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā�f ti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ ti.

 

Ekāyano�@�@ ekāyana�F[m.] the only way or means.

visuddhiyā [vi+suddhi]

Visuddhi brightness�Csplendour�Cexcellency�G�iethically�jpurity

suddhi�F[f�D] purity�G purification

sokaparidevānaṃ   Anxiety and crying.

Parideva[pari+deva of div�Cdevati] lamentation�Cwailing

samatikkamāya [saṁ+atikamma] passing beyond�Covercoming

atikkama�F[m�D] going over; passing beyond; transgression

dukkhadomanassānaṃ �@�@�@dukkha+domanass

domanassa�Flit�D'sad-mindedness'�Cmentally painful feeling

atthaṅgamāya�@ atthaṅgama[attha+gamu+a]�@�@�@setting down�D

attha�i 2nd plu�Dof atthi�jwelfare; gain; wealth; need; want; use;

ñāyassa �@ñāya�F'right method' �@method�G system�G right manner

adhigamāya [adhi+gamu+a][adhigacchati]

attainment�Cacquisition�G also fig. knowledge

gamu �@�@�@the acquisition of knowledge

nibbānassa

Nibbāna�C�iSanskrit nirvāna�j�Flit�D'extinction' �inir + �ãvā�Cto cease blowing�Cto become extinguished�j�G according to the commentaries�C'freedom from desire' �inir + vana�j�DNibbāna constitutes the highest and ultimate goal of all Buddhist aspirations�Ci�De�Dabsolute extinction of that life-affirming will manifested as greed�Chate and delusion�Cand convulsively clinging to existence�G and therewith also the ultimate and absolute deliverance from all future rebirth�Cold age�Cdisease and death�Cfrom all suffering and misery�DCf�DParinibbāna�D

 

úWExtinction of greed�Cextinction of hate�Cextinction of delusion�Fthis is called NibbānaúW �iS�DXXXVIII�D1�j�D

 

The 2 aspects of Nibbāna are�F

 

�i1�j The full extinction of defilements �ikilesa-parinibbāna�j�Calso called sa-upādi-sesa-nibbāna �is�DIt�D41�j�Ci�De�D'Nibbāna with the groups of existence still remaining' �is�Dupādi�j�DThis takes place at the attainment of Arahatship�Cor perfect holiness �is�Dariya-puggala�j�D

 

�i2�j The full extinction of the groups of existence �ikhandha-parinibbāna�j�Calso called an-upādi-sesa-nibbāna �is�DIt�D41�CA�DIV�C118�j�Ci�De�D'Nibbāna without the groups remaining'�Cin other words�Cthe coming to rest�Cor rather the 'no-more-continuing' of this physico-mental process of existence�DThis takes place at the death of the Arahat�D- �iApp�D�FNibbāna�j�D

 

 

sacchikiriyāya [sacchikaroti] realization�Cexperiencing oath�C

yadidaṃ�iyaṃ + idaṃ�jwhich is this�Gthat is�Gnamely�Dthat is to say

Iti

Iti�C�iti�j �iindecl�D�j [Vedic iti�Cof pron�Dbase *i�Ccp�DSk�Ditthaṁ thus�Citthā here�Cthere�G Av�Dipa so�G Lat�Dita & item thus�DCp�Dalso P�Dettha�G lit�D�ghere�Cthere �inow�j�Cthen�h] emphatic‹-› deictic particle �gthus�h�DOccurs in both forms iti & ti�Cthe former in higher style �ipoetry�j�Cthe latter more familiar in conversational prose�DThe function of �giti�h is expld�D by the old Pāli C�Din a conventional phrase�Clooking upon it more as a �gfilling�h particle than trying to define its meaning

 

yaṃ taṃ

vuttaṃ�@ vattati�F[vat + a] exists�G happens�G takes place�G goes on

idametaṃ paṭicca

It is for this reason that it was said: "This is the one and only way, monks, for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the extinguishing of suffering and grief, for walking on the path of truth, for the realisation of nibbāna: that is to say, the fourfold establishing of awareness."

 

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Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ ti

Thus the Enlightened One spoke. Glad in heart, the monks welcomed the words of the Enlightened One.

Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna-suttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

The End of the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta

Idamavoca

bhagavā �FWorshipful�Cvenerable�Cblessed�Choly�DThis word is generally used as an epithet or name of a Buddha�Cin particular�CSākyamuni

Attamanā �@�@�@attamana�F[adj�D] delighted; glad

bhagavato [bhā + vana + kvi

bhāsitaṃ �@�@Bhāsita�C[pp�Dof bhāsati1] spoken�Csaid�Cuttered

abhinanduṃ�@�@ abhinandi�F[aor. of abhinandati] rejoiced at.

 

 

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Notes

N.B.( nota bene) For clarity, the footnoted passage will be indicated in the notes by Pāli in italics followed immediately by the English translation in square brackets, e.g. sati [awareness]. Other Pāli words used in the notes will be followed by their equivalent terms in parentheses() where appropriate, e.g. anicca (impermanence).

1. The word bhikkhū [monks] was used to address all the people who listened to the discourses given by the Buddha. Thus every meditator, everyone who is walking on the path of Dhamma, though not literally a bhikkhu, can benefit by following the instructions given here.

2. Satipaṭṭhāna [establishing of awareness] Sati means "awareness." Satipaṭṭhāna implies that the meditator has to work diligently and constantly to become firmly established in awareness or mindfulness. Therefore we have used "the establishing of awareness," to convey the sense that one actively strives to maintain continuous awareness of mind and body at the level of sensations, as will become clear from the rest of the discourse.

There are certain passages in the Buddha�fs discourses where sati has the meaning of "memory." (Dīgha-nikāya: VRI I. 411; II. 374; PTS I. 180; II. 292). This is especially true when he refers to the special ability of remembering past lives which is developed by means of the practice of the jhānas (deep absorption concentration). But in the context of Satipaṭṭhāna, the practice of Vipassana, leading not to the jhānas but to purification of mind, sati can only be understood to mean awareness of the present moment rather than a memory of the past (or a dream of the future).

3. The Buddha always included the term sampajañña [constant thorough understanding of impermanence] or sampajāno (the adjective form of sampajañña) whenever he was asked to explain sati (awareness). (See, for example, the definition of sammāsati in the Chapter on the Four Noble Truths: Truth of the Path.) As a result of the frequent association of these words, sampajañña has often been defined as nearly synonymous with sati - as "full awareness," or "clear comprehension" - or as an exhortation to remain mindful. Another traditional translation of sampajañña, which is closer to the full meaning is "thorough understanding."

In the Sutta Piṭaka the Buddha gave two explanations of the term. In the Saṃyutta-nikāya (VRI III. 401; PTS V, 180-1) he defines it as follows:

Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno hoti? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno hoti.

And how, monks, does a monk understand thoroughly? Here, monks, a monk experiences sensations arising in him, experiences their persisting, and experiences their vanishing; he experiences perceptions arising in him, experiences their persisting, and experiences their vanishing; he experiences each initial application of the mind [on an object] arising in him, experiences its persisting, and experiences its vanishing. This, monks, is how a monk understands thoroughly.

In the above statement it is clear that one is sampajāno only when one understands the characteristic of impermanence (arising, persisting and vanishing). This understanding must be based on sensation (viditā vedanā). If the characteristic of impermanence is not experienced at the level of vedanā, then one�fs understanding is merely an intellectualization, since it is only through sensation that direct experience occurs. The statement further indicates that sampajañña lies in the experience of the impermanence of saññā and vitakkā. Here we should note that impermanence understood at the level of vedanā actually covers all three cases since according to the Buddha�fs teaching in the Aṅguttara-nikāya (VRI III. Dasakanipāta, 58; PTS V. 107):

Vedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā.

Everything that arises in the mind flows together with sensations.

The second explanation of sampajañña given by the Buddha emphasizes that it must be continuous. In several places he repeats the words of the Sampajānapabbaṃ of Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, as in this passage from the Mahāparinibbāna Sutta (Dīgha-nikāya II: VRI. 160; PTS 95):

Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno hoti? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti.

And how, monks, does a monk understand thoroughly? Here, monks, a monk, while going forward or backward, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether he is looking straight ahead or looking sideways, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; while he is bending or stretching, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether wearing his robes or carrying his bowl, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether he is eating, drinking, chewing or savouring, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; while attending to the calls of nature, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence; whether he is walking, standing, sitting, sleeping or waking, speaking or in silence, he does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence.

With proper understanding of the teaching of the Buddha, it becomes clear that if this continuous sampajañña consists only of the thorough understanding of the external processes of walking, eating, and other activities of the body, then what is being practised is merely sati. If, however, the constant thorough understanding includes the characteristic of the arising and passing away of vedanā while the meditator is performing these activities, then sampajāno satimā is being practised, paññā (wisdom) is being developed.

The Buddha describes this more specifically in this passage from the Aṅguttara-nikāya (VRI I. Catukkanipāta, 12; PTS II 15) in words reminiscent of Sampajānapabbaṃ:

Yataṃ care yataṃ tiṭṭhe, yataṃ acche yataṃ saye
yata
ṃ samiñjaye bhikkhu, yatamenaṃ pasāraye
uddha
ṃ tiriyaṃ apācīnaṃ, yāvatā jagato gati,
samavekkhitā ca dhammāna
ṃ, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ.

Whether the monk walks or stands or sits or lies,
whether he bends or stretches, above, across, backwards,
whatever his course in the world,
he observes the arising and passing away of the aggregates.

The Buddha clearly emphasized the thorough understanding of anicca (impermanence) in all bodily and mental activities. Therefore, since the proper understanding of this technical term, sampajañña, is so critical for an understanding of this sutta, we have translated it as "the constant thorough understanding of impermanence," even though this definition is less concise than the traditional "thorough understanding."

4. In this introductory paragraph the Buddha repeats a basic verbal formula reminding us that we must continuously observe "body in body," or "sensations in sensations," or "mind in mind," or "mental contents in mental contents." Though these verbal constructs may seem unusual, they refer to the fact that this observation has to be directly experiential rather than dealing only with thought, imagination or contemplation of the object.

The Buddha emphasizes this point in the Ānāpānasati Sutta (Mājjhima-nikāya III: VRI. 149; PTS 83-4), where he describes the progressive stages of the practice of ānāpāna meditation. In the section where he explains how the four satipaṭṭhānā are brought to perfection by ānāpāna he says:

...kāyesu kāyaññatarāhaṃ, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadāmi yadidaṃ assāsapassāsā. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, kāye kāyānupassī tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ.

...Monks, when I say, �einhalation-exhalation,�f it is like another body in the body. Observing body in body in this way, monks, at that time a monk dwells ardent(”M—ó‚É) with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, having removed craving and aversion towards this world [of mind and matter].

This indicates that practising ānāpāna meditation leads directly to experiencing the body, which means feeling sensations in the body. The sensations may be related to the breath, the oxygen flowing in the blood, etc. but those details are not important. The body-in-body experience is not imagined or contemplated but felt throughout the body. More specifically, he continues:

...vedanāsu vedanāññatarāhaṃ, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadāmi yadidaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ sādhukaṃ manasikāraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, vedanāsu vedanānupassī tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ.

...monks, when I say, �eby proper attention to inhalation-exhalation,�f it is like other sensations in the sensations. Observing sensations in sensations in this way, monks, at that time a monk dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, having removed craving and aversion towards this world [of mind and matter].

By equating the observation of the breath with experiencing sensations the Buddha is pointing to the critical importance of the body and the sensations in proper practice of meditation. It is the awareness of these sensations by direct experience throughout the body, while maintaining equanimity with the understanding of impermanence, that perfects the four satipaṭṭhānas.

It is instructive that in Ānāpānasati Sutta he describes the experience of body-in-body and sensations-in-sensations as one observes the breath but when he turns to the observation of mind he does not continue with the same verbal formula. Instead, he again directs our attention to the importance of sampajañña:

...citte cittānupassī, bhikkhave, tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa ānāpānassatiṃ vadāmi.

...observing mind in mind, monks, at that time a monk dwells ardent with awareness and constant thorough understanding of impermanence, having removed craving and aversion towards this world [of mind and matter]. I say, monks, one who is inattentive, who is not constantly aware of impermanence, he is not one doing ānāpāna.

Beginning with ānāpāna as a starting point the practice described has led directly to Vipassana, i.e., to the practice of the four satipaṭṭhānas. And here we see how emphatically the Buddha states that, even while observing the mind, one is not practising properly unless there is awareness of impermanence with the direct experience of the sensations.

5. Pajānāti [understands properly] means, "to understand, to know deeply or intently with wisdom." It is the result of the intensification of the verb jānāti (he or she knows) by the addition of the prefix pa-, from paññā (wisdom).

6. Iti ajjhattaṃ...kāye kāyānupassī viharati. [Thus he dwells...dwells observing body in body.] This paragraph is repeated twenty-one times throughout the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, with variations according to which section of the four satipaṭṭhānas one has reached: body, sensations, mind or mental contents.

In this key paragraph the Buddha describes the common steps in Vipassana that all meditators must pass through no matter what section of the sutta one begins with. In each repetition, this paragraph focuses our attention on the essential fact that, no matter if one is observing body, sensations, mind or mental contents, one must understand the fundamental characteristic of arising and passing away. This understanding of impermanence then leads directly to the total detachment from the world of mind and matter which takes us to nibbāna (liberation).

7. Bahiddhā  [externally] is sometimes translated as "outer things" or "observing another�fs body." In the following section, on the observation of sensations, it has sometimes been taken to mean "feeling the sensations of others." While such an experience is not impossible, it would be practised only at a very high stage of development. According to the sutta, the meditator is asked to sit alone somewhere in a forest, under a tree or in an empty room, and start practising. In such a situation observing others would be meaningless, and the sensations of someone or something else would be of no use. For a meditator, therefore, "externally," meaning the surface of the body, is the most practical definition of bahiddhā.

See also note no. 19.

8. The Pāli atthi kāyo [this is body] indicates that the meditator at this stage clearly understands experientially, at the level of sensations, "body" in its true nature: its characteristic of arising and passing away. Therefore the meditator neither makes any identification of "body" as male or female, young or old, beautiful or ugly, etc., nor has any attachment towards "I," "me," or "mine."

In the other three sections of the sutta, the sensations, mind and mental contents are each identified similarly in their corresponding paragraphs: "This is sensation," "This is mind," "These are mental contents," to indicate the lack of identification of the meditator with the object, and his or her understanding of the object in its true characteristic of anicca (impermanence).

9. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya [Thus he develops his awareness to such an extent that there is mere understanding along with mere awareness.] The mind of the meditator at this stage is absorbed in the wisdom of anicca (the arising and passing away of sensations), with no identification beyond this awareness. With the base of this awareness he develops understanding with his own experience. This is paññā (wisdom). With his awareness thus established in anicca, there is no attraction to the world of mind and matter.

10. This includes the changing of position as well as the four basic postures of the body. Whatever one does, an ardent meditator is always aware with wisdom: yathā yathā vā�ctathā tathā naṃ pajānāti (whatever he does�cthat he understands properly).

11. Sampajānakārī hoti [does so with constant thorough understanding of impermanence] literally means: "He is doing (all the time) sampajañña." It is helpful to follow the progression of the Buddha�fs words in Pāli: he uses "jānāti" (he knows), "pajānāti" (understands properly - intently or deeply with wisdom), and "sampajānāti" (he constantly and thoroughly understands the impermanent nature of his experience). Each word indicates a progressive step, that the meditator takes by following the instructions given in the sutta. Thus he proceeds from simple experience, to understanding based on direct experience, up to thorough and constant understanding of the impermanence, at the level of sensations, of each and every experience.

12. Sāmisa [with attachment] literally means: sa-āmisa (with-flesh); nirāmisa [without attachment]: means nir-āmisa (without-flesh). They can also be rendered as: "impure" and "pure," "material" and "immaterial" or, "sensual" and "nonsensual." A common interpretation is that a sensation which is sāmisa is related to the world of sensual pleasures and a nirāmisa sensation is a sensation related to the higher meditational realms.

In this context, related to the observation of sensations without any reaction of craving or aversion by the meditator, we have used "with attachment" and "without attachment." These terms seem clearest insofar as they relate to the practice.

13. See note no. 7.

14. Citta [mind], in this context, is correctly translated as "mind." The meditator experiences different states of mind and observes them in an objective and detached manner. It might be misleading to translate citta here as "thought."

Citte cittānupassī [mind in mind] refers to the experiential nature of the observation required (see note no. 4).

15. Saṅkhittaṃ [collected] and vikkhittaṃ [scattered] correspond to mental states either scattered because of the pañca nīvaraṇā, the "five hindrances," or collected when the hindrances are not manifesting their respective effects. (See the following Section 5A, The Hindrances.)

16. Mahaggataṃ cittaṃ [expanded mind] means literally: "mind having become great;" i.e., by the practice and development of the jhānas (the practice of absorption samādhi). It refers to a mind expanded by the practice of these deep samādhis, rather than the stage transcending mind and matter. Amahaggataṃ cittaṃ [unexpanded mind] thus means a mind not having become expanded in this way.

17. Sa-uttaraṃ [surpassable] means: "having something higher than that" or "not superior." This type of mind is still connected with the mundane field. Anuttaraṃ [unsurpassable], correspondingly, is a mind that has reached a very high stage of meditation, where nothing is superior. Therefore "surpassable" and "unsurpassable," though not very precise, seem to be the nearest translations.

18. Samāhitaṃ [concentrated] and asamāhitaṃ [unconcentrated] are related to the type of samādhi (concentration) that one has gained; states of concentration that are called: upacāra (neighbourhood concentration, i.e. approaching a level of absorption) and appanā samādhi (absorption, or attainment, concentration). Asamāhitaṃ cittaṃ therefore describes a mental state without that depth of concentration.

19. Iti ajjhattaṃ...bahiddhā...ajjhattabahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati [Thus he dwells observing mind in mind internally... externally...both internally and externally]. Applied to the mind (and in the next section, the mental contents) this sentence has sometimes been interpreted to mean that the meditator observes his own mind (internally) and the mind of others (externally). This can be done only by a very highly developed meditator, therefore it is not a practical instruction for most people.

In this section the meditator is asked to experience directly the mind in mind (citte cittānupassī). This can be done only by observing whatever arises in the mind. As the body was experienced by means of what arises on the body (i.e., sensation); the mind is experienced only when something arises in the mind (i.e., the mental contents). When the mind is observing the internal objects - its own internal mental states - it is observing the mind in mind internally.

To observe the mind and mental contents externally means to observe experientially that any object which comes in contact with the mind-body through any of the six sense doors (that is, an external stimulus) causes an internal reaction. Any sight, sound, taste, smell, touch or thought results in a sensation and the mind feels it. Of course, internal mental states and sensation resulting from contact with external objects will all mix and flow together.

Therefore, again, we see the importance of the Buddha�fs statement:

Vedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā.

Everything that arises in the mind flows together with sensations. (Aṅguttara-nikāya: VRI III. Dasakanipāta, 58; PTS V. 107)

Whether the object is internal or external, if the mind remains within the body observing the sensations, then it is directly experiencing the mind and mental contents in a tangible way that easily allows the meditator to experience the impermanent nature of the entire mind-matter phenomenon.

20. Pañca upādānakkhandhā [the five aggregates of clinging] consist of: rūpakkhandha (the material aggregate) connected with kāya (body) and the four nāmakkhandhā (aggregates of mind), which are: viññāṇakkhandha (the aggregate of consciousness);
saññākkhandha (the aggregate of perception);
vedanākkhandha (the aggregate of feeling of sensations on the body)
sa
ṅkhārakkhandha (the aggregate of reaction).

The pañca upādānakkhandhā are aggregates of clinging, or attachment, in two ways. They are the basic objects to which we cling because of our illusion that the five together make up "I," "me." In addition, the continual arising of the aggregates - with the attendant suffering that goes with the cycle of becoming - is due to the clinging toward this illusory "I." Aggregates and clinging always go together, except in the case of an arahant, who has pañca khandhā, the five aggregates, but no clinging towards them; no upādāna (attachment or clinging) is possible for such a person.

21. Here dhamma has to be understood as the law of nature, the nature of the law in its totality. At a superficial level dhammavicaya [investigation of Dhamma] can be understood to mean intellectual investigation of the law. But to become a factor of enlightenment dhammavicaya must become an experiential investigation - direct experience of the phenomenon of arising and passing away at the level of sensations.

22. Pīti [rapture] is difficult to translate into English. It is often translated as: "joy," "delight," "bliss" or "thrill." Each of these words conveys at least partially the meaning of mental and physical pleasantness. For pīti to become a factor of enlightenment it must be experienced in its true nature as ephemeral, arising and passing away. Only then can the meditator avoid the danger of becoming attached to the pleasantness of this stage.

23. As with the previous factor of enlightenment, passaddhi [tranquillity], becomes a factor of enlightenment only when it is experienced as impermanent, anicca - arising and passing away. The danger for the meditator here is that this stage of deep tranquillity might be mistaken for the final goal of nibbāna. This deep illusion (moha) is removed by the experience of anicca as one experiences this tranquillity.

24. In the texts byādhi [sickness] is sometimes included, sometimes omitted.

25. Here it is very clear that the word dukkha [pain’É‚Ý] is related to the body, and domanassa [grief] to the mind. Correspondingly, sukha (bodily pleasure) is related to the body, somanassa (mental pleasure) to the mind and adukkhamasukha (neither painful nor pleasant) as neutral, to both body and mind.

26. The word loke [world] has a wide spectrum of meaning: "universe," "world," "region," "people." In this entire section it is used in connection with everything that one experiences at any of the six senses, and the entire process of the contact between the senses and their respective objects. So in this context loke is to be understood as the "world" of the mind-body phenomenon. Therefore the entire "world" can be directly experienced at the level of the sensations in the body that result from any of these interactions.

27. Vitakko [thought conceptionŽv�l‚Ì”­’[] refers to the initial application of the mind to an object. This is contrasted with vicāro [rolling in thoughtsŽv‚¢‚ɂӂ¯‚邱‚Æ] in the next paragraph, which refers to a sustained application of the mind on an object.

In the later section, dealing with the jhānas (see pp. 72,73), the translation reflects this relationship more directly since the context is one of deep absorption in the object of meditation rather than one where mental impurities are arising.

28. Evaṃ [in this manner‚±‚Ì’Ê‚è‚É], as explained throughout the entire sutta, is ātāpī sampajāno satimā (ardent with awareness of mind and body at the level of sensations and with constant thorough understanding of impermanence). In order to achieve these guaranteed results the continuity should be sampajaññaṃ na riñcati ([the meditator] does not lose the constant thorough understanding of impermanence even for a moment).

29. The final stage of liberation of an arahant.

30. The stage of an anāgāmī [non-returner•sŠÒ] is the third and next-to-last stage of liberation.


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Note on the Pronunciation of Pāli

Pāli was a spoken language of northern India in the time of Gotama the Buddha. It was written in the Brāhmī script in India in the time of Emperor Aśoka and has been preserved in the scripts of the various countries where the language has been maintained. In Roman script the following set of diacritical marks are used to indicate the proper pronunciation.

The alphabet consists of forty-one characters: eight vowels and thirty-three consonants.

Vowels: a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, o

Consonants:

Velar: k kh g gh ṅ

Palatal: c ch j jh ñ

Retroflex: ṭ ṭh ḍ ḍh ṇ

Dental: t th d dh n

Labial: p ph b bh m

Miscellaneous: y, r, l, v, s, h, ḷ, ṃ

The vowels a, i, u are short; ā, ī, ū are long; e and o are pronounced long except before double consonants: deva, mettā; loka, phoṭṭhabbā.

a is pronounced like �ea�f in �eabout�f; ā like �ea�f in �efather�f;

i is pronounced like �ei�f in �emint�f; ī like �eee�f in �esee�f;

u is pronounced like �eu�f in �eput�f; ū like �eoo�f in �epool�f.

The consonant c is pronounced as in the �ech�f in �echurch�f. All the aspirated consonants are pronounced with an audible expulsion of breath following the normal unaspirated sound. Therefore th is not as in �ethree�f but more like the sound in �eThailand�f, and ph is not as in �ephoto�f but rather is pronounced �ep�f accompanied by an expulsion of breath.

The retroflex consonants, ṭ, ṭh, ḍ, ḍh, ṇ are pronounced with the tip of the tongue turned back, whereas in the dentals, t, th, d, dh, n, it touches the upper front teeth.

The palatal nasal, ñ, is the same as the Spanish �eñ�f, as in señor. The velar nasal, ṅ, is pronounced like �eng�f in �esinger�f but occurs only with the other consonants in its group: ṅk, ṅkh,ṅg, ṅgh. The pronunciation of ṃ is similar to ṅ but occurs most commonly as a terminal nasalization: �eevaṃ me sutaṃ�f. The Pāli v is a soft �ev�f or �ew�f and ḷ, produced with the tongue retroflexed, is almost a combined �erl�f sound.

Vedanā in the Practice of Satipaṭṭhāna

Vipassana Research Institute

The practice of the four-fold satipaṭṭhāna, the establishing of awareness, was highly praised by the Buddha in the suttas. Mentioning its importance in the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, the Buddha called it ekāyano maggo - the only way for the purification of beings, for overcoming sorrow, for extinguishing suffering, for walking on the path of truth and for realising nibbāna (liberation).1

In this sutta, the Buddha presented a practical method for developing self-knowledge by means of kāyānupassanā (observation of the body), vedanānupassanā (observation of sensations), cittānupassanā (observation of the mind), and dhammānupassanā (observation of the contents of the mind).2

To explore the truth about ourselves, we must examine what we are: body and mind. We must learn to observe these directly within ourselves. Accordingly, we must keep three points in mind: 1) The reality of the body may be imagined by contemplation, but to experience it directly one must work with vedanā (body sensations) arising within it. 2) Similarly, the actual experience of the mind is attained by working with the contents of the mind. Therefore, in the same way as body and sensations cannot be experienced separately, the mind cannot be observed apart from the contents of the mind. 3) Mind and matter are so closely inter-related that the contents of the mind always manifest themselves as sensations in the body. For this reason the Buddha said:

Vedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā.3
Everything that arises in the mind flows together with sensations.

Therefore, observation of sensations offers a means  - indeed the only means  -  to examine the totality of our being, physical as well as mental.

Broadly speaking, the Buddha refers to five types of vedanā:

  1. Sukhā vedanā  -  pleasant sensations
  2. Dukkhā vedanā  -  unpleasant sensations
  3. Somanassa vedanā  -  pleasant mental feeling
  4. Domanassa vedanā  -  unpleasant mental feeling
  5. Adukkhamasukhā vedanā  -  neither unpleasant nor pleasant sensations.

In all references to vedanā in the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta the Buddha speaks of sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, i.e., the body sensations; or adukkhamasukhā vedanā, which in this context also clearly denotes neutral body sensations.

The strong emphasis is on body sensations because they work as a direct avenue for the attainment of fruition (nibbāna) by means of "strong dependence condition" (upanissaya-paccayena paccayo), i.e., the nearest dependent condition for our liberation. This fact is succinctly highlighted in the Paṭṭhāna, the seventh text of Abhidhamma Piṭaka under the Pakatūpanissaya, where it is stated:

Kāyikaṃ sukhaṃ kāyikassa sukhassa, kāyikassa dukkhassa, phalasamāpattiyā upanissayapaccayena paccayo.

Kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikassa sukhassa, kāyikassa dukkhassa, phalasamāpattiyā upanissayapaccayena paccayo.

Utu kāyikassa sukhassa, kāyikassa dukkhassa, phalasamāpattiyā upanissayapaccayena paccayo.

Bhojanaṃ kāyikassa sukhassa, kāyikassa dukkhassa, phalasamāpattiyā upanissayapaccayena paccayo.

Senāsanaṃ kāyikassa sukhassa, kāyikassa dukkhassa, phalasamāpattiyā upanissayapaccayena paccayo.4

Pleasant body sensation is related to pleasant sensation of the body, unpleasant sensation of the body, and attainment of fruition (nibbāna) by strong dependence condition.

Unpleasant body sensation is related to pleasant sensation of the body, unpleasant sensation of the body, and attainment of fruition by strong dependence condition.

The season (or surrounding environment) is related to pleasant sensation of the body, unpleasant sensation of the body, and attainment of fruition by strong dependence condition.

Food is related to pleasant sensation of the body, unpleasant sensation of the body, and attainment of fruition by strong dependence condition.

Lying down and sitting (i.e., the mattress and cushions, or the position of lying, sitting, etc.) is related to pleasant sensation of the body, unpleasant sensation of the body, and attainment of fruition by strong dependence condition.

From the above statement it is clear how important vedanā, sensation, is on the path of liberation. The pleasant and unpleasant body sensations, the surrounding environment (utu), the food we eat (bhojanaṃ), and the sleeping and sitting position, the mattress or cushions used, etc. (senāsanaṃ) are all responsible for ongoing body sensations of one type or another. When the sensations are experienced properly, as the Buddha explained in Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, these become the nearest dependent condition for our liberation.

There are four dimensions to our nature: the body and its sensations, and the mind and its contents. These provide four avenues for the establishing of awareness in satipaṭṭhāna. In order that the observation be complete, we must experience every facet, which we can only do by means of vedanā. This exploration of truth will remove the delusions we have about ourselves.

In the same way, to come out of the delusion about the world outside, we must explore how the outside world interacts with our own mind-and-matter phenomenon, our own self. The outside world comes in contact with the individual only at the six sense doors: the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind. Since all these sense doors are contained in the body, every contact of the outside world is at the body level.

The traditional spiritual teachers of India, before the Buddha, in his day and afterwards, expressed the view that craving causes suffering and that to remove suffering one must abstain from the objects of craving. This belief led to various practices of penance and extreme abstinence from external stimuli. In order to develop detachment, the Buddha took a different approach. Having learned to examine the depths of his own mind, he realized that between the external object and the mental reflex of craving is a missing link: vedanā.  Whenever we encounter an object through the five physical senses or the mind, a sensation arises; and based on the sensation, taṇhā (craving) arises. If the sensation is pleasant we crave to prolong it, if it is unpleasant we crave to be rid of it. It is in the chain of Dependent Origination (paṭiccasamuppāda) that the Buddha expressed his profound discovery:

Saḷāyatana-paccayā phasso
Phassa-paccayā vedanā
Vedanā-paccayā ta
ṇhā.5

Dependent on the six sense-spheres, contact arises.
Dependent on contact, sensation arises.
Dependent on sensation, craving arises.

The immediate cause for the arising of craving and, consequently, of suffering is not something outside of us but rather the sensations that occur within us.

Therefore, just as the understanding of vedanā is absolutely essential to understand the interaction between mind and matter within ourselves, the same understanding of vedanā is essential to understand the interaction of the outside world with the individual.

If this exploration of truth were to be attempted by contemplation or intellectualization, we could easily ignore the importance of vedanā. However, the crux of the Buddha�fs teaching is the necessity of understanding the truth not merely at the intellectual level, but by direct experience. For this reason vedanā is defined as follows:

Yā vedeti ti vedanā, sā vediyati lakkhaṇā, anubhavanarasā...6

That which feels the object is vedanā; its characteristic is to feel, it is the essential taste of experience...

However, merely to feel the sensations within is not enough to remove our delusions. Instead, it is essential to understand the ti-lakkhaṇā (three characteristics) of all phenomena. We must directly experience anicca (impermanence), dukkha (suffering), and anatta (selflessness) within ourselves. Of these three, the Buddha always stressed the importance of anicca because the realization of the other two will easily follow when we experience deeply the characteristic of impermanence. In the Meghiya Sutta of the Udāna he said:

Aniccasaññino hi, Meghiya, anattasaññā saṇṭhāti, anattasaññī asmimānasamugghātaṃ pāpuṇāti diṭṭheva dhamme nibbānaṃ.7

In one, Meghiya, who perceives impermanence, the perception of selflessness is established. One who perceives what is selfless wins the uprooting of the pride of egotism in this very life, and thus realizes nibbāna.

Therefore, in the practice of satipaṭṭhāna, the experience of anicca, arising and passing away, plays a crucial role. This experience of anicca as it manifests in the mind and body is also called vipassanā. The practice of Vipassana is the same as the practice of satipaṭṭhāna.

The Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta begins with the observation of the body. Here several different starting points are explained: observing respiration, giving attention to bodily movements, etc. It is from these points that we can progressively develop vedanānupassanā, cittānupassanā  and dhammānupassanā. However, no matter from which point the journey starts, stages come which everyone must pass through on the way to the final goal. These are described in important sentences repeated not only at the end of each section of kāyānupassanā but also at the end of vedanānupassanā, cittānupassanā and each section of dhammānupassanā. They are:

  1. Samudaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.
  2. Vaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.
  3. Samudaya-vaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.8
  1. One dwells observing the phenomenon of arising.
  2. One dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away.
  3. One dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away.

These sentences reveal the essence of the practice of satipaṭṭhāna. Unless these three levels of anicca are experienced, we will not develop paññā (wisdom)  -  the equanimity based on the experience of impermanence  -  which leads to detachment and liberation. Therefore, in order to practise any of the four-fold satipaṭṭhānā we have to develop the constant thorough understanding of impermanence which in Pāli is known as sampajañña.

Sampajañña has been often misunderstood. In the colloquial language of the day, it also had the meaning of "knowingly." For example, the Buddha has spoken of sampajānamusā bhāsitā,9 and sampajāna musāvāda10 which means "consciously, or knowingly, to speak falsely." This superficial meaning of the term is sufficient in an ordinary context. But whenever the Buddha speaks of vipassanā, of the practice leading to purification, to nibbāna, as here in this sutta, then sampajañña has a specific, technical significance.

To remain sampajāno (the adjective form of sampajañña), one must meditate on the impermanence of phenomena (anicca-bodha), objectively observing mind and matter without reaction. The understanding of samudaya-vaya-dhammā (the nature of arising and passing away) cannot be by contemplation, which is merely a process of thinking, or by imagination or even by believing; it must be performed with paccanubhoti 11 (direct experience), which is yathābhūta-ñāṇa-dassana 12 (experiential knowledge of the reality as it is). Here the observation of vedanā plays its vital role, because with vedanā a meditator very clearly and tangibly experiences samudaya-vaya (arising and passing away). Sampajañña, in fact, is directly perceiving the arising and passing away of vedanā, wherein all four facets of our being are included.

It is for this reason that the three essential qualities - to remain ātāpī (ardent), sampajāno, and satimā (aware) - are invariably repeated for each of the four satipaṭṭhānas. And as the Buddha explained, sampajañña is observing the arising and passing away of vedanā.13 Hence the part played by vedanā in the practice of satipaṭṭhāna should not be ignored or this practice of satipaṭṭhāna will not be complete.

In the words of the Buddha:

Tisso imā, bhikkhave, vedanā. Katamā tisso? Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā.
Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso vedanā. Imāsa
ṃ kho, bhikkhave, tissannaṃ vedanānaṃ pariññāya cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvetabbā.14

Meditators, there are three types of body sensations. What are the three? Pleasant sensations, unpleasant sensations and neutral sensations. Practise, meditators, the four-fold satipaṭṭhānā for the complete understanding of these three sensations.

The practice of satipaṭṭhāna, which is the practice of Vipassana, is complete only when one directly experiences impermanence. Sensations provide the nexus where the entire mind and body are tangibly revealed as impermanent phenomena, leading to liberation.

References

1. Dīgha-nikāya: VRI II. 373; PTS II. 290

2. Loc. cit.

3. Aṅguttara-nikāya, VRI II, 58; PTS V, 107

4. Paṭṭhāna, Vol. I, Kusalatika: VRI, 324

5. Vinaya, Mahāvagga: VRI, 1; PTS 2

6. Abhidhammattha-saṅgaho, Hindi translation and commentary by Ven. Dr. U Rewata Dhamma, Varanaseya Sanskrit Vishva-vidyalaya, Varanasi, Vol. I p. 101. By using the term anubhavanarasā, the commentator is pointing to the fact that the essence of experience itself is vedanā, the sensations on the body.

7. Udāna: VRI, 31; PTS, 37

8. Dīgha-nikāya: VRI II. 374-404; PTS II. 292-314

9. Dīgha-nikāya: VRI III. 62; PTS III 45. Aṅguttara-nikāya : VRI I, Tikanipāta, 28; PTS I. 128

10. Vinaya, Pācittiya: VRI, 3; PTS 2

11. Majjhima-nikāya: VRI I. 455; PTS I. 295; Saṃyutta-nikāya: VRI III. 512, 823 ff., 839 ff.; PTS V. 217, 264ff., 286 ff.

12. Aṅguttara-nikāya: VRI II, Pañcakanipāta, 24, 168, Sattakanipāta, 65, VRI III, Aṭṭhakanipāta, 81; PTS III, 19, 200; IV, 99, 336

13. Saṃyutta-nikāya: VRI III. 401; PTS V. 180

14. Ibid.: VRI III. 415; PTS V. 180

_____________________________

Note: Pāli references are from the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana edition of the Tipiṭaka, published by the Vipassana Research Institute (VRI), giving book and paragraph number, followed by the Pali Text Society (PTS) edition, giving book and page number.

 

 

 

 

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�@�@(2) Žp�¨ (iriyapatha)

�@�@(3) –³�í (sampajana)

�@�@(4) ‰˜•¨ (patikula-manasikara)

�@�@(5) •¨Ž¿ (dhatu-manasikara)

�@�@(6) Ž€‘Ì (navasivathika)

‚Q�DŽó��”O�FŠ´Žó‚ÌŠÏŽ@ (vedana-nupassana)

�@�@(1) ŠeŽí‚ÌŠ´Šo�i�DŠ´Šo�Cˆ«Š´Šo�C•½Š´Šo�j

‚R�D�S��”O�F�¸�_‚ÌŠÏŽ@ (citta-nupassana)

�@�@(1) ŠeŽí‚Ì�¸�_

‚S�DŒ»�Û��”O�FŒ»�Û‚ÌŠÏŽ@ (dhamma-nupassana)

�@�@(1) ŒÜŠW (panca-nivaranani)

�@�@(2) ŒÜå] (panca-kkhandha)

�@�@(3) ˜Z�ˆ (sad-indriya)

�@�@(4) ޵Šo (satta-bojjhanga)

�@�@(5) Žl’ú (cattari-ariya-saccani)

 

�l�¶‚Ì‹ê”Y‚©‚ç‰ð•ú

ƒS�[ƒ^ƒ}�Eƒuƒbƒ_‚ª�l�¶‚Ì‹ê”Y‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê‚邽‚߂ɔ­Œ©‚µ‚½•û–@‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�A�¢ŠE“I‚ȃxƒXƒgƒZƒ‰�[�uƒTƒsƒGƒ“ƒX‘SŽj�v‚É�A‚±‚ñ‚È‹L�q‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

�u�S‚Í‚½‚Æ‚¦‰½‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚à�AЉˆ¤‚ð‚à‚Á‚Ä‚»‚ê‚ɉž‚¶�AЉˆ¤‚͂‚˂ɕs–ž‚𔺂¤‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚Ì‚ªƒS�[ƒ^ƒ}‚ÌŒå‚肾‚Á‚½�B�S‚Í•s‰õ‚È‚à‚Ì‚ðŒoŒ±‚·‚邯�A‚»‚Ì•s‰õ‚È‚à‚Ì‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðŠ‰ˆ¤‚·‚é�B‰õ‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ðŒoŒ±‚·‚邯�A‚»‚̉õ‚³‚ªŽ�‘±‚µ�A‹­‚܂邱‚Æ‚ðŠ‰ˆ¤‚·‚é�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�S‚Í‚¢‚Â‚à–ž‘«‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð’m‚炸�A—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚È‚¢�v

 

‰õ‚à•s‰õ‚à�A•s–ž‚µ‚©‚à‚½‚炳‚È‚¢‚Ì‚¾‚©‚ç�A‰õ‚â•s‰õ‚ÉŽx”z‚³‚ê‚é�l�¶‚Ì�ª–{‚Í�u‹ê�i•s–ž�j�v‚Ȃ̂ł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�AƒS�[ƒ^ƒ}�Eƒuƒbƒ_‚Í�A‚»‚Ì�u‹ê�i•s–ž�j�v‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê‚邽‚߂̕û–@‚ð”­Œ©‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

�u�S‚ª‰½‚©‰õ‚¢‚à‚Ì�A‚ ‚é‚¢‚Í•s‰õ‚È‚à‚Ì‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚½‚Æ‚«‚É�A•¨Ž–‚ð‚½‚¾‚ ‚邪‚܂܂ɗ�‰ð‚·‚ê‚Î�A‚à‚Í‚â‹ê‚µ‚݂͂Ȃ­‚È‚é�B�l‚͔߂µ‚Ý‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚à�A”ß‚µ‚Ý‚ª‹Ž‚邱‚Æ‚ðŠ‰ˆ¤‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚Î�A”ß‚µ‚³‚ÍŠ´‚¶‘±‚¯‚é‚à‚Ì‚Ì�A‚»‚ê‚É‚æ‚Á‚ċꂵ‚Þ‚±‚Ƃ͂Ȃ¢�v

 

�u‚±‚Ì�C�s‚Å�S‚ð’b‚¦�wŽ„‚͉½‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½‚¢‚©�H�x‚ł͂Ȃ­�wŽ„‚Í�¡‰½‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©�H�x‚É‚à‚Á‚Ï‚ç’�ˆÓ‚ðŒü‚¯‚³‚¹‚é�v

 

•¨Ž–‚ð‚½‚¾‚ ‚邪‚܂܂ɗ�‰ð‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�AƒS�[ƒ^ƒ}�Eƒuƒbƒ_‚ªŠJ”­‚µ‚½áÒ‘z�p‚ª�Aƒ”ƒBƒpƒbƒTƒi�[áÒ‘z‚Å‚·�Bƒ”ƒBƒpƒbƒTƒi�[áÒ‘z‚Ì•û–@‚ð‹ï‘Ì“I‚É�q‚ׂĂ¢‚é‚Ì‚ª�A‚±‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi�EƒXƒbƒ^�i‘å”O�ZŒo�j‚Å‚·�B

 

’��j�uƒTƒsƒGƒ“ƒX‘SŽj�vƒ†ƒ”ƒ@ƒ‹�EƒmƒA�Eƒnƒ‰ƒŠ’˜�AŽÄ“c —T”V–ó�A‰Í�o�‘–[�VŽÐ 2016”Nˆø—p�B

 

 

�S‚Ì’†–¡

Žv�l�AŠ´�î�A‹L‰¯�AŠó–]�A‹°•|‚ȂǂÌ�¸�_�ì—p‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

Œ´Œê‚Í dhammas (dhamma ‚Ì•¡�”Œ`�j‚ƂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

dhamma�@‚̉p•¶‚̈Ӗ¡‚Í �u�³‚µ‚¢�s‚¢�v�u�^ŽÀ�v�u–@�v‚Ȃǂł·‚ª�Adhamma ‚ɂ͑¼‚É‚à�uŽ©‘RŒ»�Û�v�u�¸�_�ì—p�v�u‘P�s�v�u’mŒb�v�uŒ»ŽÀ�v‚È‚Ç�A�”‘½‚­‚̈Ӗ¡‚ª‚ ‚邿‚¤‚Å‚·�B

“ú–{Œê‚ɖ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‘å”O�ˆŒo �iƒTƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi�EƒXƒbƒ^�j‚ð‚Ý‚é‚Æ�A�wŒ´Žn•§“T’·•”Œo“T�x�i�t�HŽÐ�j‚Å‚Í �u‚à‚ë‚à‚ë‚ÌŽ–�Û�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�w‘å”O�ˆŒo‚ð“Ç‚Þ�x(‘å–@—ÖŠt)‚Å‚Í�uŒ»�Û�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�wƒuƒbƒ_‚Ì<‹C‚«>‚ÌáÒ‘z�x�i–ì‘�ŽÐ�j‚Å‚Í�u�S‚Ì‘Î�Û�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�u–@�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚Ì‚à‚ ‚è�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȓú–{Œê–󂪂 ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�uƒSƒGƒ“ƒJŽ�‚̃”ƒBƒpƒbƒTƒi�[áÒ‘z“ü–å�v�i�t�HŽÐ�j‚Å‚Í�u�S‚Ì’†–¡�v�icontents of the mind�j‚ƂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚Ì“ú–{Œê–󂪈ê”Ô“IŠm‚¾‚ÆŽv‚í‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½‚Ì‚Å�A‚±‚̃z�[ƒ€ƒy�[ƒW‚Ì“ú–{Œê–󕶂ł͂»‚¤‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚¿‚Ȃ݂É�AThanissaro Bhikku ‰p–ó‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚Å‚Í dhammas ‚ł͂Ȃ­�@mental qualities�i�¸�_“I“ÁŽ¿�j‚ƂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

ŒJ‚è•Ô‚³‚ê‚é�d—v‚È•¶�Í

 

Samudaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.

Vaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.

Samudaya-vaya-dhammānupassī vā viharati.8

One dwells observing the phenomenon of arising.�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�¶‚¶‚錻�Û‚ÉŠñ‚è“Y‚¢‘±‚¯‚é

One dwells observing the phenomenon of passing away.�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�Á‚¦‹Ž‚錻�Û‚ÉŠñ‚è“Y‚¢‘±‚¯‚é

One dwells observing the phenomenon of arising and passing away.�¶‚¶‚Ä�Á‚¦‹Ž‚錻�Û‚ÉŠñ‚è“Y‚¢‘±‚¯‚é

These sentences reveal the essence of the practice of satipaṭṭhāna. Unless these three levels of anicca are experienced, we will not develop paññā (wisdom)  -  the equanimity based on the experience of impermanence  -  which leads to detachment and liberation. Therefore, in order to practise any of the four-fold satipaṭṭhānā we have to develop the constant thorough understanding of impermanence which in Pāli is known as sampajañña.�@

�ã‹L‚Ì‚R‚‚̃Aƒjƒbƒ`ƒƒ‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚È‚¢ŒÀ‚èƒpƒ“ƒjƒƒ�[‚ð”|‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚È‚¢�B

‚±‚̃Aƒjƒbƒ`ƒƒ‚ð“O’ê“I‚É‹C‚«�AŠñ‚è“Y‚¢�A—�‰ð‚µ‘±‚¯‚邱‚Æ‚ðƒTƒ“ƒpƒWƒƒƒ“ƒjƒƒ‚ƌĂÔ

To remain sampajāno (the adjective form of sampajañña), one must meditate on the impermanence of phenomena (anicca-bodha–³�í�«�@), objectively observing mind and matter without reaction. The understanding of samudaya-vaya-dhammā (the nature of arising and passing away�¶‚¶‚Ä‚Í�Á‚¦‚邯‚¢‚¤�«Ž¿) cannot be by contemplation, which is merely a process of thinking, or by imagination or even by believing; it must be performed with paccanubhoti 11 (direct experience’¼�ڂ̑̌±), which is yathābhūta-ñāṇa-dassana 12 (experiential knowledge of the reality as it isŒoŒ±‚ÉŠî‚¢‚½‚ ‚è‚̂܂܂̌»ŽÀ). Here the observation of vedanā plays its vital role, because with vedanā a meditator very clearly and tangibly experiences samudaya-vaya (arising and passing away). Sampajañña, in fact, is directly perceiving the arising and passing away of vedanā, wherein all four facets of our being are included.

ƒTƒ“ƒpƒWƒƒƒ“ƒjƒƒ‚Æ‚Í�AŠ´Šo‚ª�¶‚¶‚Ä‚Í�Á‚¦‹Ž‚邱‚Æ‚ð’¼�Ú‚É’mŠo‚·‚邱‚Ƃł ‚é�B

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

‚킽‚µ‚Í‚±‚̂悤‚É•·‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�i”@�¥‰ä•·�j

ƒuƒbƒ_‚Ì‹³‚¦‚Í’íŽq‚½‚¿‚Ì‹L‰¯‚ð•¶Žš‚É‚µ‚½‚à‚̂Ȃ̂Å�A‚·‚ׂĂ̕§“T‚Í ‚±‚ÌŒ¾—t‚©‚çŽn‚Ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚̂قƂñ‚Ç‚Í�AƒA�[ƒiƒ“ƒ_‚Ì‹L‰¯‚¾‚Æ‚¢‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

“÷‘Ì“I‹ê’É‚â�¸�_“I‹ê’É‚ð�I‚í‚点‚é

“÷‘Ì“I‹ê’É‚â�¸�_“I‹ê’ɂɓ­‚«‚©‚¯‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚ð�Á‚·‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł͂Ȃ­�A‚±‚±‚ł͂̈Ӗ¡‚Í�AЉ–]‚ð�I‚í‚点‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�BЉ–]‚ª‹ê’ɂ̔R—¿‚¾‚Æ�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Å�A”R—¿‚ð‚È‚­‚¹‚Î�A‹ê’É‚ª�Á‚¦‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

ƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi �iƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�j

Œ´Œê‚Í Nibbana �BŽ€Œã‚Ì�¢ŠE‚ł͂Ȃ­�AŒ¶‘z�AŒ™ˆ«�AЉ–]‚©‚玩—R‚ɂȂÁ‚½ˆÓޝ‚Ì�ó‘Ô‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�S‚Æ�g‘̂𒴂¦‚½‘ÌŒ±‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

�”�ç”N‚Ì”NŒŽ‚ª‰ß‚¬‚é‚ɂ‚ê�Aƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚Ì’iŠK‚ðŒ»�¢‚ő̌±‚Å‚«‚é�C�s–@‚ªŽ¸‚í‚ꂽ‚½‚ß�Aƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚ÍŽ€Œã‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚錾—t‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œë‰ð‚ª�¶‚܂ꂽ‚悤‚Å‚·�Bƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚Æ‚Í�A�C�s‚ðŒo‚ÄŒ»�¢‚ő̌±‚Å‚«‚éˆÓޝ‚Ì“ž’B’iŠK‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì‚·‚ׂĂ͕ω»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�¶‚Ü‚ê�Á–Å‚·‚é–³�í�iƒp�[ƒŠŒê�Faniccia ƒAƒjƒbƒ`ƒƒ�j‚ª‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì�^—�‚Å‚·‚ª�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä—Bˆê�Aƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚¾‚¯‚ª�¶‚Ü‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚à‚È‚­�Á–Å‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

ˆÈ‰º‚Ƀjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi�iƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�j‚ð‚܂Ƃ߂܂µ‚½�B

ƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�@�@�@�F�@�S‚Ƒ̂𒴂¦‚½‘ÌŒ±

ƒpƒŠƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�@�F�@ƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“�iˆ¢—…Š¿�j‚ª–S‚­‚Ȃ邱‚Ƃɑ΂µ‚ÄŽg‚í‚ê‚錾—t‚Å‚·�B

ƒ}ƒn�[ƒpƒŠƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�F�@ƒuƒbƒ_‚̂悤‚ȃ}ƒn�[ƒvƒ‹ƒVƒƒ‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄŽg‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�BŽ€Œã�A“ñ“x‚Æ�¶‚Ü‚ê•Ï‚í‚邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

Thanissaro Bhikku ‰p–ó‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚Å‚Í�ANibbana ‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ¾—t‚ł͂Ȃ­�A Unbinding (�S‘©‚̂Ȃ¢) ‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ¾—t‚ªŽg‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

Š´Šo

Š´Šo‚̉p•¶Œ´Œê‚Í�@feelings�Bƒp�[ƒŠ�[Œê‚Å‚Í�@Vedana�B

Šð‚µ‚¢�A”ß‚µ‚¢�A‚Ȃǂ̊´�͂Ȃ­�A�S’n‚æ‚¢�A�S’n‚æ‚­‚È‚¢�A�S’n‚æ‚­‚àˆ«‚­‚à‚È‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤Žå‚ÉŽOŽí—Þ‚ÌŠ´Šo‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚ÌŠ´Šo‚Í�AŠ´ŠoŠíН‚ªŠO‚Ì�¢ŠE‚Æ�Ú�G‚µ‚ÄŒ»‚ê‚Ü‚·‚ª�AŒ»‚ê‚銴Šo‚Í�Aˆê“x‚Ɉê‚‚¾‚¯‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ÌŠ´Šo‚ªŠ‰–]‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚¾‚Æ’m‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚¾‚Æ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�C�sŽÒ‚ª�AŠ´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚Æ—�‰ð‚Å‚«‚È‚¯‚ê‚Î�AŠ´Šo‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éŽå‘Ì �iŽ©‰ä�j ‚ª‚ ‚邯�l‚¦‚邱‚ƂɂȂé‚Ì‚Å�AŠ´Šo‚ÍŠ´Šo‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚ÆŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚ƂĂà�d—v‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

solitary place�@the place for meditation should be as quiet and free from distractions as possible.

cross-legged

If sitting cross-legged is too painful the meditator will not be able to sit for very long. The main point is to sit in a comfortable and alert way. Therefore, a chair may be used. Mindfulness of breathing can also be developed while standing, walking or lying down.

mindfulness

The mindfulness should be directed to the place at which the breath makes contact with the upper lip or the tip of the nose depending on where it is felt in each individual.

whole breath body (sabbakaya) means the whole breath from the beginning to the end.

Calming the process of breathing

As the mind calms down the breath will also calm down without exerting any conscious control over it.

he trains himself

It is not necessary to repeat all the above phrases in the mind, but the essential point is to be aware of the actual phenomena. These phrases are all examples to show that the meditator has to be aware of the breath in whichever condition it is in and does not need to control the breath in any way.

Body�@�@�@Here �gbody�h means the process of breathing.

in others

The meditator knows by inference�i�„’è�j that in others, just as in himself, there is no I or self that breathes but just breathing exists. This cuts out delusion concerning external phenomena.

in both himself and in others�@�@�@�@�@This cannot be done at the same time but is done alternately.

appearing and dissolution of the body

The causes of the appearing and the dissolution of the body here and in subsequent sections are the existence or non-existence of ignorance of the Four Noble Truths, craving, kamma, and nutriment(‰h—{).
actual appearing and dissolution of the body with their causes

The causes of the appearing and the dissolution of the breath are the existence or the non-existence of the body, the nasal apertures�i•@�o�j, and the mind. The actual appearing and the actual dissolution refer to the actual phenomena of the breath arising and passing away. The main point here is to be aware of the actual appearing and the actual dissolution of the breath so as to perceive its impermanent, unsatisfactory and soulless�i‚‚܂ç‚È‚¢�j nature.

The causes of the appearing and the dissolution of feelings are the existence or non-existence of contact (phassa), ignorance of the Four Noble Truths, craving and kamma.

wrong views

Wrong view refers to thinking that there is a permanent self or I who is breathing. If the meditator sees the breath as impermanent, unsatisfactory, and not self then there will be no craving or wrong view at that time.

world (loka) refers to anything that arises and passes away, i.e. the five aggregates of clinging.

 

 

 

 

‘¼�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚à

�C�sŽÒ‚Í�AŒÄ‹z‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�AŽ©•ª‚ł͂Ȃ­�A‚½‚¾ŒÄ‹z‚¾‚¯‚ª‘¶�Ý‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�A‚ÆŽ©•ª‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä�„‘ª‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�A‘¼�l‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‚à“¯‚¶‚悤‚É�„‘ª‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ꂪ�AŠO•”‚ÌŒ»�Û‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚錶‘z‚ð�A�Á‚µ‹Ž‚Á‚Ä‚­‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

 

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‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‘©”›‚Í�AŠ´ŠoŠíН‚ð‰i‰“‚È‚à‚̂Ƃµ‚Ä�l‚¦‚½‚è�AŠ´ŠoŠíН‚ÆŽ©•ª‚𓯈ꎋ‚·‚éŠÔˆá‚Á‚½Žv‚¢�ž‚݂ɂæ‚Á‚Ä�¶‚¶‚Ü‚·�BŠ´ŠoŠíН‚͉i‰“‚ł͂Ȃ¢‚Æ‹C‚­‚±‚Æ‚Å�AˆêŽž“I‚É�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‘©”›‚͂Ȃ­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B

Žl‚‚Ì�^—� �iŽl�¹’ú�j ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‘©”›‚ÍŠ®‘S‚É�Á‚¦‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B



 

 

 

нŠì�@piti

‚à‚Ì‚²‚Æ‚ð‚ ‚è‚̂܂܂Ɍ©‚邱‚Æ‚Å�¶‚¶‚é‹»–¡‚âŠÖ�S‚ð•ø‚¢‚½�ó‘Ô�A‘Þ‹ü‚³‚̂Ȃ¢�ó‘Ô‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�g‘Ì‚ª•‚‚«�オ‚邿‚¤‚ÈŒy‚â‚©‚³‚â�A”ò‚Ñ�オ‚肽‚¢‚قǂ̃�ƒNƒ�ƒN‚·‚邿‚¤‚ÈŠì‚т̂±‚Ƃł·�B

 

•½�Âƕ½ˆÀ

‰pŒê‚ÌŒ´Œê‚Å‚Í�A•½�Âƕ½ˆÀ‚Í‚»‚ꂼ‚ꎟ‚̂悤‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•½�Ã�@�F�@tranquility�@

•½ˆÀ�@�F�@equanimity

•½�à �itranquility�j‚Í�A нŠì ‚ª�¶‚¶‚½Žž‚É�A�S‚ª�Â܂é�ó‘Ô‚Å‚·�B‚·‚ׂĂɖž‚¿‘«‚肽–ž‘«Š´‚©‚ç�¶‚¶‚é�S‚̈À’è‚Å‚µ‚傤‚©�B

•½ˆÀ �iequanimity�j ‚Í �¸�_“�ˆê ‚ª�¶‚¶‚½Žž‚É�A�S‚ª‚à‚Ì‚²‚Æ‚ð‚±‚¾‚í‚è‚È‚­—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚ÄŒ©‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é�ó‘Ô‚Å‚·�B’É�X‚µ‚¢Š‰–]‚â�A‰õŠy‚Ɉ³“|‚³‚ꂸ�A�S‚Æ�g‘͉̂i‰“‚ɂ͑¶�Ý‚µ‚È‚¢‚Æ�A˜J‚¹‚¸‚ÉŠÏŽ@‚Å‚«‚é�ó‘Ô‚Å‚·�B

“ú�í‚̉pŒê‚Å‚Í�Aequanimity�@‚Í‚ ‚Ü‚èˆê”Ê“I‚ɂ͎g‚í‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‰pŒê‚ð•ê�‘Œê‚Æ‚·‚éƒlƒCƒeƒBƒu‚Å‚à‚±‚ÌŒ¾—t‚ð’m‚ç‚È‚¢�l‚Í‘å�¨‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�u•½�Ã�v ‚É‚µ‚Ä‚à �u•½ˆÀ�v ‚É‚µ‚Ä‚à�Aˆê”Ê“I‚É‚Í�@tranquility�@‚ªŽg‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

�¸�_“�ˆê (concentration)

•½�à ‚ª�¶‚¶‚邯�A�S‚Í‹C‚ð‚»‚ç‚³‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚È‚­‚È‚è�Aœfœr‚¤‚±‚ƂȂ­�S‚É•‚‚©‚Ô‚à‚̂ɋC‚­‚悤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚ł͂»‚Ì�ó‘Ô‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ðŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

 

ˆÓޝ

ˆÓޝ‚Í�S‚̃Aƒ“ƒeƒi‚Å‚·�BŠ´ŠoŠíН‚͈ӎ¯‚ª‚È‚¯‚ê‚Γ­‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‰½‚©‚ðŒ©‚é‚̂ɔM’†‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎞‚É‚Í�A‰¹‚ª‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚àŽ¨‚É“ü‚ç‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í‚·‚ׂĂ̈ӎ¯‚ª–Ú‚É�W‚Ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B‚±‚̃Aƒ“ƒeƒi‚ªŽó‚¯Žæ‚Á‚½ŠO‚©‚ç‚ÌŽhŒƒ‚Í�AŽŸ‚̂悤‚ȃvƒ�ƒZƒX‚Å�î•ñ�ˆ—�‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

 

�@ŠO‚©‚ç‚ÌŽhŒƒ�@

�@�@�«

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�@�@�«

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�@�@�«

�@”½‰ž�isankhara�FƒTƒ“ƒJ�[ƒ‰�j

 

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‚±‚̃Xƒs�[ƒh‚ª‚ ‚Ü‚è‚É‚à‘¬‚¢‚½‚ß‚É�A�l‚Í‚»‚Ì‚±‚ƂɋC‚©‚¸�A”½‰ž‚ª’·ŽžŠÔŒJ‚è•Ô‚³‚ê‚Ä‹­‰»‚³‚ꂽ‚Æ‚«�A‚Í‚¶‚߂Ĉӎ¯‚Ì’†‚ÉŒ»‚ê‚Ä‹C‚«‚Ü‚·�B

Ž„‚½‚¿‚Í�A’N‚à‚ª�AˆÓޝ�A’mŠo�AŠ´Šo�A”½‰ž‚Æ‚¢‚¤�S‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚Ì—¬‚ê‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚è�A‚»‚ê‚Í�g‘̂̕ω»‚æ‚è‚à‚³‚ç‚É�‚‘¬‚ŕω»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ꂱ‚»‚ª�uŽ©•ª�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚à‚̂̌»ŽÀ‚Å‚·�B’P‚Ȃ闬‚ê‚ɉ߂¬‚È‚¢Œ»�ۂ̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚Å‚ ‚邱‚ÌŽ©•ª‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ»ŽÀ‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ�A�³‚µ‚­—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚½‚ç�A�uŽ©•ª�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ŽÀ‘̂͑¶�Ý‚µ‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤—�‰ð‚ª�¶‚Ü‚ê�A‹ê‚©‚甲‚¯�o‚·Ž…Œû‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é�A‚ƃuƒbƒ_‚ÍŒå‚è‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

ƒTƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi�EƒXƒbƒ^‚Í�Aƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚É‚·‚¬‚È‚¢‚±‚ÌŽ©•ª‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ»ŽÀ‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚·‚邽‚ß‚ÌŽèˆø�‘‚̂悤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B

 

�Ú�G

‚±‚±‚Å‚Ì�Ú�G‚Æ‚Í�A�g‘̂ƂÌ�Ú�G‚ł͂Ȃ­�A�S‚Æ‚Ì�Ú�G‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�Ú�G‚Ì‘Î�Û•¨‚ƈӎ¯‚⊴Šo‚ªŒ‹‚΂ê‚鎞�A‚±‚±‚Å‚¢‚¤�Ú�G‚ª‹N‚±‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

’mŠo

Š´Šo �ifeeling, sensation�j ‚Æ’mŠo �iperception�j ‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚Ä‚¨‚­‚±‚Æ‚Í �uƒTƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi�EƒXƒbƒ^�v ‚ð“ǂނ½‚߂ɂƂĂà‘å�؂ł·�B

�EŠ´Šo �ifeeling, sensation�jvedana�@ �F Š´ŠoŠíН‚ð’Ê‚µ‚Ď󂯎æ‚é�î•ñ

�E’mŠo �iperception�jsanna            �F ŒoŒ±‚â‹L‰¯‚ðŠî‚É‚µ‚Ď󂯎æ‚é�î•ñ

 

ƒuƒbƒ_‚Í�A�S‚ª�uˆÓޝ�v�u’mŠo�v�uŠ´Šo�v�u”½‰ž�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤Žl‚‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚©‚ç�¬‚è—§‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃ𔭌©‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

ˆêŽŸŽv�l �iinitial thinking�j ‚Æ “ñŽŸŽv�l �icontinued thinking�j

Š´ŠoŠíН �iŽ‹Šo�A’®Šo�AškŠo�A–¡Šo�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo�A�S�j ‚É“ü‚é�î•ñ �iŒõŒi�A‰¹�A“õ‚¢�A–¡�AŠ´�G‚ð�¶‚Þ‚à‚Ì�A�S‚Ì’†–¡�j ‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚鎞‚É“­‚­‹@”\‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

ˆêŽŸŽv�l (ƒp�[ƒŠŒê�Fvitakka) �F Œ¾—t‚É‚æ‚éŽv�l �i‚à‚Ì‚²‚Æ‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚鎞‚ÌŠî–{“I‚È“­‚« - ”Fޝ‘Î�Û”cˆ¬�j

“ñŽŸŽv�l (ƒp�[ƒŠŒê�Fvicara) �F Œ¾—t‚É‚æ‚ç‚È‚¢Žv�l �i”Fޝ‚µ‚½‚à‚Ì‚²‚Æ‚ðŽv—¶�n�l‚·‚é“­‚« - ”Fޝ‘Î�ÛˆÛŽ��j

 

’†‘ºŒ³ŠÄ�C‚Ì �u‘å”O�ˆŒo�v‚Å‚Í�A�u‘e‚¢�lŽ@ �iˆêŽŸŽv�l�j�v�A�u”÷�ׂÈ�lŽ@ �i“ñŽŸŽv�l�j�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

ƒeƒBƒN�Eƒiƒbƒg�Eƒnƒ“’˜‚Ì �uƒuƒbƒ_‚Ì<‹C‚«>‚ÌáÒ‘z�v ‚É‚æ‚邯�A�u�Å�‰‚É�¶‚Ü‚ê‚é’mŠo �iˆêŽŸŽv�l�j�v�A�u‚»‚ê‚É‘±‚­Žv—¶ �i“ñŽŸŽv�l�j�v ‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�u‘å”O�ˆŒo�v‚Ì‘æŽO–ó–{‚Å‚Í�A�u’mŠo �iˆêŽŸŽv�l�j�v�A�uŠÏŽ@ �i“ñŽŸŽv�l�j�v ‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚Å‚·�B

 

‚³‚Ü‚´‚Ü‚È�î•ñ‚ðŽQ�l‚É‚µ‚Ä�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȗpŒê‚ł̖ó‚ðŽŽ‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚½‚ª�Avitakka �iƒ”ƒBƒ^ƒbƒJ�j ‚É‚µ‚Ä‚à�Avicara �iƒ”ƒBƒ`ƒƒ�[ƒ‰�j ‚É‚µ‚Ä‚à�A“ú–{Œê‚ɂ͂Ȃ¢ŠT”O‚Ȃ̂Å�A–³—�‚É“ú–{Œê‚É‚·‚邯�A‚©‚¦‚Á‚ÄŒë‰ð‚ð�¶‚ނ̂ł͂Ȃ¢‚©‚Æ�l‚¦‚Ä�A‚±‚̃z�[ƒ€ƒy�[ƒW‚Ì–ó‚Å‚Í�A�uˆêŽŸŽv�l�v�A�u“ñŽŸŽv�l�v ‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

Œ»‘ã‚Ì”]‰ÈŠw‚Å‚Í�A�l‚¦‚ð�„‚点‚鎞‚É�A�‰Šú�Ý’è‰ñ˜H‚Æ”C–±�‹�s‰ñ˜H‚Æ‚¢‚¤“ñ‚‚̔]‚̃VƒXƒeƒ€‚ª‚ ‚邿‚¤‚Å‚·�B�‰Šú�Ý’è‰ñ˜H‚ł͌Ÿ“¢‚·‚é�ðŒ�‚ð”Fޝ‚µ‚Ä�A”C–±�‹�s‰ñ˜H‚ł͖ڕW‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é�s“®‚ðŒŸ“¢‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�Bvitakka �iƒ”ƒBƒ^ƒbƒJ�j ‚Æ vicara �iƒ”ƒBƒ`ƒƒ�[ƒ‰�j ‚ÆŠÖ˜A‚¯‚Ä�l‚¦‚邯�A‚Æ‚Ä‚à‹»–¡�[‚¢‚ÆŽv‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

 

 

‹ê‚Ì�Á–Å

Љ–]‚ª�¶‚¶‚é�ê�Š‚Æ�A�Á–Å‚·‚é�ê�Š‚Í�A“¯‚¶‚¾‚Æ’m‚邱‚Æ‚ª‘å�؂ł·�B

‚±‚ÌŠ‰–]‚Í�A˜Z‚‚̊´ŠoŠíН �iŽ‹Šo�A’®Šo�AškŠo�A–¡Šo�A‘Ì�«Š´Šo�A�S�j ‚Å�¶‚¶‚½Žž‚É�A‹C‚«‚ðŽ�‚Á‚ÄŠÏŽ@‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�Á–Å‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

’m“I‚È—�‰ð‚¾‚¯‚Å‚Í�Á–Å‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

 

�³Œ©

�³Œ©‚Í‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Ì’iŠK‚ðŒo‚Ä’B�¬‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‘æˆê’iŠK‚Í�A—Ç‚¢�s‚¢‚Í—Ç‚¢Œ‹‰Ê‚ð�¶‚Ý�Aˆ«‚¢�s‚¢‚͈«‚¢Œ‹‰Ê‚ð�¶‚Þ�A‚Æ’m‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

‘æ“ñ’iŠK‚Í�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚Å‹N‚«‚邱‚Ƃɂ͕K‚¸�I‚í‚肪‚ ‚è�A–ž‘«‚³‚¹‚é‚à‚͉̂½‚à‚È‚­�A‚·‚ׂÄ�ðŒ�‚¯‚ç‚ꂽ‚à‚Ì‚¾‚Æ—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚±‚Ì—�‰ð‚ªŒ´ˆö‚ÆŒ‹‰Ê‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ð�[‚­’m‚邱‚ƂɂȂè�A‚»‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Æ‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚¾‚¯‚ðŒ©‚é‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

�ÅŒã‚Ì’iŠK‚ª�AŽl‚‚Ì�^—��@�i‹ê�A�W�A–Å�A“¹�j ‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚±‚Ì—�‰ð‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä�AŒ´ˆö�@�iЉ–]�j�@‚ª�Á–Å‚·‚邯�AŒ‹‰Ê�@�i‹ê�j�@‚à�Á–Å‚·‚邯—�‰ð‚Å‚«‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

�³ŽvˆÒ‚Æ�³Œê

�³Œ©‚ª“¾‚ç‚ꂽ‚ç�A�³ŽvˆÒ‚à“¾‚ç‚ê‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B�l‚ÍŽv�l‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä�s“®‚·‚é‚Ì‚Å�A�³Œê‚à“¾‚ç‚ê‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

‰AŒû

‰pŒê‚ÌŒ´Œê‚Í tale-bearing�Btale �i˜b�j�@+ �@bearing �i‰^‚Ô‚±‚Æ�j ‚Æ‚¢‚¤–óŽÒ‚Ì‘¢Œê‚¾‚ÆŽv‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚Ì�ê‚É‚¢‚È‚¢�l‚̈«Œû‚ð’N‚©‚ª˜b‚·‚̂𕷂«�Aˆ«Œû‚ðŒ¾‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚½�l‚̂Ƃ±‚ë‚É�s‚Á‚Ä�A‚ ‚Ì�l‚Í‚±‚ñ‚È‚±‚Æ‚ðŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½‚æ�A‚Ƙb‚·‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Thanissaro Bhikku –ó‚̃TƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^�[ƒi‚Å‚Í�Adivisive speech �i•s˜a‚ð�¶‚¶‚³‚¹‚é‰ï˜b�j ‚ƂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�l‚Ƃ̒‡‚ð—ô‚¢‚½‚è�A�l‚ÌŠÔ‚Éæy‚¢‚⑈‚¢‚ð‹N‚±‚·‚悤‚È‚±‚Æ‚ðŒ¾‚¤‚Ì‚Í�AŽ©•ª‚ª�D‚©‚ê‚æ‚¤‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚炾‚Æ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚¤‚킳˜b‚â–³‘ÊŒû

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‘T’è (jhana)

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‘T’è‚ɂ͌܂‚Ì�\�¬—v‘f �i�¸�_�ì—p�j ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚· �iŒÜ‘TŽx�j�B

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vitakka�q�i‚¶‚ñ�j‚ð‘æˆêŽv�l�AvicaaraŽf�i‚µ�j‚ð‘æ“ñŽv�l‚Ɩ󂷂͖̂{�l‚ª‘ÌŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚©‚ç�H

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‚±‚̌܂‚Ì�\�¬—v‘f �i�¸�_�ì—p�j ‚Í‘æˆê‚Ì‘T’è‚©‚ç‘æŽl‚Ì‘T’è‚Ü‚Å�AŽŸ‚̂悤‚É“­‚«‚Ü‚·�B

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”ª”Ô–Ú‚Ì‘T’è

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”ª”Ô–Ú‚Ì‘T’è�@�F�@”ñ‘z”ñ”ñ‘z�ˆ

 

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‹ã”Ô–Ú‚Ì‘T’è

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ˆ¢—…Š¿(Arahatship)‚ƈ¢“ߊÜ(Anagama)

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Œå‚è‚Ì‘æˆê‚Ì’iŠK

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ƒjƒ‹ƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi �iƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�j

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Sadhu!�@Sadhu!�@Sadhu!

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—pŒê�EŠT”O�à–¾

Thus have I heard.

The words of Ananda Mahathera who was the Buddha�fs attendant monk. He recited the texts of the Dhamma, as he had heard them from the Buddha, at the First Council of monks (approx. 544 b.c.).

BhagavaThis is a polite form of address which was used when monks spoke to the Buddha.�@Blessed One.

Kuru country�@�@The Kuru country was located in North West India near New Delhi.

Bhikkhu�@�@�@A bhikkhu is a Buddhist monk who has received full ordination.

Bhadante�@�@�gBhadante�h is a polite answer to an elder or superior. Its approximate meaning would be �gYes, Venerable Sir�h.

The one and the only way�@�@   ekayano maggo

The one and the only way: ekayano, this means that this is: the only way which surely leads to the benefits listed, there is no other way, and this way leads to nowhere else. This statement does not need to be believed in blindly, but as a meditator practises he can verify it by his own experience.

cessation

Cessation is generally translated as�gdestruction�h which might wrongly imply an active attack on the physical and mental pain. However, the physical and mental pain cease due to lack of craving, just as a fire is extinguished due to lack of fuel.

Physical and mental pain

Physical and mental pain (dukkha-domanassa) is a compound word which denotes the whole spectrum of physical and mental pain. Here, dukkha (du = bad, painful, + kha = empty, space) refers to all types of physical pain, and domanassa (du = bad, painful + mana= mind) refers to all types of mental pain including frustration, grief, fear and various types of phobias�i‹°•|�Ç�j and neuroses.

Noble Paths

The Noble Path is the name for the consciousness that has Nibbana for its object. The Four Noble Paths are the path of a Stream Enterer (sotapatti magga), the path of the Once-returner (sakadagami magga), the path of a Non-returner (anagama magga), and the path of an Arahat (arahatta magga).

Nibbana (Skt. Nirvana) is a reality experienced by a mind totally free from greed, hatred, and delusion.

satipatthanas (Sati = mindfulness, awareness of what is occuring + patthanas = that which plunges into �i‰Ÿ‚µ�ž‚Þ�jand penetrates�iŠÑ‚­�j continuously, again and again) is the type of mindfulness that penetrates repeatedly into the body, feelings, mind, and dhammas, and sees the actual reality that is occurring. This is in contrast to the normal unmindful state in which the mind bounces or skips over these phenomena. �gThe four satipatthanas�h might therefore be translated as the �gfour steadfast(ŒÅ’肵‚½) mindfulnesses�h.

Kaya�@�@�@Kaya is the aggregate of physical phenomena. Here it refers to the corporeal body.

not mine, not I, not self, but just a phenomenon

The phrases, �gbody as just the body�h, �gfeelings as just feelings�h, �gmind as just the mind�h, �gdhammas as just dhammas�h, show that the body, feelings, mind, and dhammas are not to be seen as mine, I or self. This is the natural knowledge that arises from observing the body, feelings, mind and dhammas with steadfast mindfulness. It is not a belief. Normally this knowledge is absent due to lack of steadfast mindfulness.

diligence

Diligence (atapi) means bringing the mind back to the object of meditation again and again no matter how many times it slips away.

clear understanding

Clear understanding (sampajanya) is of four types: satthaka- sampajanya, sappaya-sampajanya, gocara-sampajanya and asammoha-sampajanya.

 

Before a meditator does any action he should first consider whether that action is or is not a beneficial action. This prior consideration is called satthaka-sampajanya.

If it is a beneficial action then the meditator should next consider whether it is suitable or proper. This is called sappaya-sampajanya. For example, if the meditator wishes to go to a pagoda to meditate this is a beneficial action. However, if at the time he wishes to go to the pagoda there is a large crowd gathered for a pagoda festival and there would be many disturbances because of that, then it would not be suitable.

The understanding of the proper field for the mind is gocara-sampajanya. If the meditator is practising the four sampajanyas this is the proper field for the mind. If he is thinking about or indulging in sense pleasures this is not the proper field for the mind.

The understanding that sees that all conditioned phenomena are impermanent and unsatisfactory and that sees all phenomena (including Nibbana) are not self is asammoha-sampajanya.

 

World�@World (loka) refers to anything that arises and passes away, i.e. The five aggregates of clinging.

Sensation, feelings (vedana)

Vedana (feelings) is not used here in the sense of�gemotions�h, but refers only to the pleasant, the unpleasant, and the neither pleasant nor unpleasant feelings that arise, only one at a time, with every consciousness, (i.e eye consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, and mind-consciousness).

It is important to see these feelings clearly as they are the cause of craving. Also, if the meditator does not see these clearly then he may think that there is a being experiencing feeling.ˆÓ–¡‚ÌŠm”F�H

mind (citta)�@�@�@Mind (citta) is that which knows, is aware, or is conscious.

dhammas

The word dhamma has a number of meanings according to the context in which it is used. It can mean: natural phenomena, mental objects, a state, truth, reality, wisdom, actions, good actions, practice, cause and offence.

 

Also, in English usage Dhamma (there are no capital letters in the Pali language) can mean the Teachings of the Buddha or the texts which contains those teachings. Here, in this context dhamma is any natural phenomenon that is not a concept and it is specifically referring to the five hindrances, the five aggregates of clinging, the six internal and external sense bases, the seven factors of enlightenment and the Four Noble Truths.

 

Bojjhanga –ÚŠo‚ß‚ðŽx‚¦‚é7‚‚̗v‘f�@�@�@�@

Mindfulness (sati). To maintain awareness of reality (dharma). ‹C‚«

Investigation of the nature of reality (dhamma vicaya). Œ»�Û‚Ì’T‹�

Energy (viriya) also determination, effort“w—Í�¸�i

Joy or rapture (pīti) Šì‚Ñ�@

Relaxation or tranquility (passaddhi) of both body and mind•½�Ã

Concentration, (samādhi) a calm, one-pointed state of mind,[1] or clear awareness�W’†�i�´—Á�j

Equanimity (upekkha). To accept reality as-it-is (yatha-bhuta) without craving or aversion. •½ˆÀ

while walking�@�@�@�@While walking literally means while going.

I am walking

I am walking: Here as elsewhere in this discourse the use of the term �gI�h is only a grammatical usage and does not mean that an �gI�h really exists. In Pali language it is impossible to construct a verb without an ending showing a subject. A similar situation occurs in English where sometimes we have to make up a subject to make a sentence i.e. �gIt�fs raining�h. Clearly the �gIt�h does not exist and there is only raining. Similarly there is only walking and no�gI�h who is walking.

I am lying down.

When the meditator is aware of the actual motion of the legs and body, that is the sensation of touch and motion, he can be said to �gknow�h, �gI am walking�h. In all the postures he should be aware of what is actually happening in a similar way.

In others

The meditator knows by inference that in others, just as in himself, there is no I or self that breathes but just breathing exists. This cuts out delusion concerning external phenomena.

 

Elements     Only primary elements and no being or soul.

four high roads

In this simile(’¼šg) the four high roads represent the four postures. The butcher or his apprentice represents a meditator who sees the body as only elements, just as the cow having been divided is no longer seen as a cow but is seen only as meat.

 

feelings

Vedana (feelings) is not used here in the sense of�gemotions�h, but refers only to the pleasant, the unpleasant, and the neither pleasant nor unpleasant feelings that arise, only one at a time, with every consciousness, (i.e eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness,nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, and mind-consciousness). It is important to see these feelings clearly as they are the cause of craving. Also, if the meditator does not see these clearly then he may think that there is a being experiencing feeling.

pleasant feeling     Pleasant feelings are bodily comfort, mental happiness and so on.

unpleasant feeling  Unpleasant feeling is bodily pain and mental pain, and so on.

neither pleasant nor unpleasant feeling

Neither pleasant nor unpleasant feeling is the hardest to perceive as its characteristic is the absence of pleasure and pain, e.g., the neutral feeling that is normally present on the surface of the eye and the feeling in the mind when it is neither happy nor unhappy.

sense pleasures  are the normal type of pleasure and happiness based on sense pleasures.

pleasant feeling not associated with sense pleasures

It is the happiness experienced while seeing the true nature of body and mind.

unpleasant feeling associated with sense pleasures

It is the unpleasant feeling experienced when one does not obtain the sense pleasures one wants to obtain.

neither pleasant nor unpleasant that is associated with sense pleasures

It is the neutral feeling experienced when the mind is calm and detached from sense pleasures.

 

 

greed (raga) does not just mean strong passion but refers to the whole range of lust, craving, and attachment to sense pleasures from the weakest sensual desire to the strongest lust. It can produce only unwholesome actions.

mind without greed is the opposite of greed and is the cause of renunciation, generosity, charity, and giving.

anger

Anger (dosa) always occurs together with mental pain (domanassa). Therefore, if mental pain is present the meditator should know that anger is also present. Aversion, ill-will, frustration, fear, and sadness are all included in this term. Anger can produce only unwholesome actions.

mind without anger

The mind without anger is the wholesome opposite of anger and is the cause of loving-kindness (metta), friendliness, and goodwill.

delusion

Delusion (moha) is the mental concomitant�i•t‘®•¨�j that clouds and blinds the mind making it unable to discern between right and wrong actions, unable to perceive the characteristics of impermanence, unsatisfactoriness, and soullessness, and unable to perceive the Four Noble Truths.

It is common to all unwholesome types of consciousness but here it refers specifically to those types of consciousness associated with doubt, uncertainty, restlessness, distraction�i�¬—��j, and confusion.

mind without delusion

The mind without delusion is the wholesome opposite of delusion. It is the wisdom that perceives the impermanent, unsatisfactory and soulless nature of conditioned phenomena, perceives the Four Noble Truths, and is able to discern between right and wrong actions.

Greed, anger, delusion and their opposites all have a wide range of intensity from weak to strong. In insight meditation it is important to be aware of whatever is present in the mind no matter how weak or strong it appears to be.

lazy, slothful mind  is the shrunken mind that is lethargic�i–³‹C—Í�j, indolent�i‘Ó‘Ä�j, and lacks interest in anything.

distracted mind (vikkhittacitta)A diffused�iŽU—��j, restless state of mind that goes here and there is therefore not concentrated.

developed mind (mahagattacitta)

The developed mind is the type of mind experienced in the rapa jhanas and arapa jhanas.

undeveloped mind (amahagattacitta)

The undeveloped mind is the mind as generally found in the sensuous (kamavacara) realms (i.e. without jhanas).

inferior mind (sauttaracitta)   As an undeveloped mind

superior mind (anuttaracitta)

The rapa jhanas and arapa jhanas. Amongst these two the arapa jhanas are superior to the rapa jhanas.

concentrated mind (samahitacitta)

The mind with either proximate concentration (upacara samadhi) or absorption concentration (appana samadhi). A meditator who has no experience of jhana will not need to be mindful of the concentrated mind, the superior mind or the developed mind.

unconcentrated mind (asamahitacitta)     The mind without proximate or absorption concentration.

mind temporarily free from defilements (vimutticitta)

The mind temporarily free from defilements due to insight or jhana. There are ten defilements (kilesa), namely: greed, anger, delusion, conceit(–��S), wrong views, doubt, sloth�i‘Ó‘Ä�j, distraction, lack of moral shame, lack of moral dread�iˆØŒh‚Ì”O�j (lobho, doso, moho, mano, dinyahi, vicikiccha, thinau, uddhacau, ahirikau, anottapau).

five hindrances

The five hindrances are unwholesome mental concomitants that confuse the mind and obstruct it from achieving wholesome states such as insight or jhana.

sense-desire

Sense-desire is the craving for any of the five types of sense-objects (i.e. sights, sounds, smells, tastes and tactile objects). It arises due to unwise attention to the pleasant aspect of an object. It is discarded due to the wise attention to the perception of either impermanence, unsatisfactoriness or soullessness or to the unpleasant aspect of an object. It is totally eradicated by the path of an Anagama (anagama magga).

ill-wille

Ill-will is the same as anger. It arises due to the unwise attention to the unpleasant aspect of an object. It is discarded�iŽÌ‚Ä‚é�j due to wise attention to the perception of either impermanence, unsatisfactoriness, or soullessness or to the development of lovingkindness. It is totally eradicated by the path of Anagama.

sloth and torpor

Sloth and torpor�i–³‹C—Í�j refer to the state of indolence�i‘Ó‘Ä�j, dullness of mind and dullness of mental concomitants�i•t‘®•¨�j. They arise due to unwise attention to lack of interest, lazy stretching of the body, drowsiness after meals, and mental sluggishness�i‚à‚Ì‚®‚³�j. They are mental concomitants and do not refer to physical tiredness. They are discarded due to wise attention to the perception of either impermanence, unsatisfactoriness, or soullessness or to the development of energy and exertion. They are totally eradicated by the path of an Arahat (arahatta magga).

distraction and worry

Distraction (uddhacca) refers to the agitated, restless, and unconcentrated mind. Worry (kukkucca) refers to worrying about past actions that one has or has not done. They arise due to unwise attention to the things that cause distraction and worry. They are discarded by wise attention to the perception of either impermanence, unsatisfactoriness, or soullessness or to the development of calmness of mind. Distraction is totally eradicated by the path of an Arahat. Worry is totally eradicated by the path of an Anagami.

doubt or wavering

Doubt or wavering refers to doubts such as �gIs the Buddha really fully enlightened?�h; �gDoes this practice really lead to the cessation of dukkha?�h; �gHave the disciples of the Buddha really attained enlightenment by this practice?�h; �gIs there a future life?�h; Was there a past life?�h.

 

Doubt or wavering arises due to unwise attention to things that cause doubt. It is discarded due to wise attention to the perception of either impermanence, unsatisfacturiness, or soullessness or to the Dhamma. It is totally eradicated by the path of a Sotapanna or Streamwinner (sotapatti magga).

 

five aggregates of clinging

The five aggregates of clinging are the objects depending on which the four types of clinging arise. The four types of clinging are the clinging to sense pleasures, the clinging to wrong views, the clinging to the belief that there are other paths and practices that can lead to happiness and liberation besides the Eightfold Noble Path, and the clinging to the view that there is a Self or Soul.

Note

The word rapa (corporeal body) refers to everything made of the four primary elements (i.e. the earth element, the water element, the fire element, and the air element). But here it refers mostly to the corporeal body which arises together with the remaining four aggregates of clinging.

 

Feeling is described in vedana (feelings). Perception recognizes or perceives an object by means of a mark. It enables one to recognize colours such as blue, white or red. It can also wrongly recognize a rope as a snake.

 

Mental formations include faith, energy, intention, greed, hatred�i‘ž‚µ‚Ý�j, delusion, non-greed, non-hatred, nondelusion, and mindfulness which prepare, arrange, or accomplish actions. There are fifty mental formations. Consciousness is that which is aware of an object. Here it refers only to sensuous, rapa and arapa types of consciousness and does not include path or fruition�iŒ‹ŽÀ�j consciousness (magga-phala citta) which are not objects of clinging.

sense bases

Sense bases are those things which extend and expand the range of the mind. The six internal sense bases are the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind. The six external sense bases are sights, sounds, smells, tastes, tactile objects and mental objects.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Pure dhamma  �@�@�@áÒ‘zBhāvana

 

 

áÒ‘z

Ariya Metta Bhāvana (Loving Kindness Meditation)

Annantara and Samanantara Paccaya

 

Is Ānāpānasati Breath Meditation?

6. Anāpānasati Bhāvanā (Introduction)

7. What is Ānāpāna?

8. The Basic Formal Anāpānasati Meditation

9. Key to Ānapānasati – How to Change Habits and Character (Gati)

 

Possible Effects in Meditation – Kundalini Awakening

 

 

Satipaṭṭhāna – Introduction

Prerequisites for the Satipaṭṭhāna Bhāvanā

Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure

 

The Basics in Meditation

The Second Level – Key to Purify the Mind

What Do All These Different Meditation Techniques Mean?

 

 

 

 

 

Ariya Metta Bhāvana (Loving Kindness Meditation)

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

1. We all have acquired innumerable �gbad kamma vipāka�h in this cycle of rebirths (samsāra) that has no beginning. There is a very simple recipe for stopping many of such �gbad kamma vipāka�h from coming to fruition by �gwearing out�h  and ultimately removing the �gkamma seeds�h associated with them.

2. The standard Metta Bhāvanā (loving-kindness meditation) goes something like, �gMay myself and all beings are free of suffering, healthy, happy, and be free of all suffering�h, or some similar (longer) passages.

3. However, the Ariya Metta Bhāvanā has a much deeper meaning. It is done with at least some idea of the complexity of �gthis world�h with 31 realms and the status of the beings in those realms. In order to cultivate true compassion and loving-kindness one NEEDS TO FEEL the possible suffering in all those realms; see, �gThe Grand Unified Theory of Dhamma�g:

 

 

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4. However, no living being is free of FUTURE suffering in any of the 31 realms, because unless the Sōtapanna stage of Nibbāna has been attained, even the beings in the highest realm can end up even in the apāyā (lowest four realms) in future rebirths.

5. Now we can see how the Ariya Metta Bhāvanā is formulated:

6. What matters is not the particular set of words used, but what is felt in one�fs heart. In order to do that one needs to truly comprehend that there is REAL SUFFERING in this world, not only at the human or animal realms but in many other realms.

7. The Ariya Metta Bhāvanā is one of the most POTENT tools that we have. It is a simple concept, but the main difficulty is with the �gAriya�h part; one needs to comprehend anicca, dukkha, anatta  for the Bhāvanā to be fully effective.

Next, �gĀnāpānasati Bhāvanā  (Introduction)�g, �c�c..

 

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•‚»‚µ‚Ä�ANibbāna‚ÌSōtapannaƒXƒe�[ƒW‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚߂̗Bˆê‚Ì•û–@‚Í�A31‚̗̈æ‚Ì‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚Ì3‚‚̓Á�«‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�Fanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta�B

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5.‚±‚ê‚Å�AAriya MettaBhāvanā‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ɒ莮‰»‚³‚ê‚é‚©‚ðŒ©‚é‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

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•MettaBhāvanā‚̉e‹¿‚Í�Aanicca�AƒhƒDƒbƒJ�AƒAƒiƒbƒ^‚Ì—�‰ð‚ª�[‚Ü‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�™�X‚É‘�‰Á‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A‚·‚ׂĂÌ�¶•¨‚ª�«—ˆ‚Ì�¶Šˆ‚Å’¼–Ê‚·‚éŠëŒ¯‚Æ‹ê’É‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚邽‚߂ł·�B

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7. Ariya MettaBhāvanā‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�Å‚à‹­—͂ȃc�[ƒ‹‚Ì1‚‚ł·�B‚±‚ê‚Í’P�ƒ‚ÈŠT”O‚Å‚·‚ª�AŽå‚È“ï“_‚Í�uƒAƒŠƒ„�v‚Ì•”•ª‚É‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B Bhāvanā‚ªŠ®‘S‚ÉŒø‰Ê‚ð”­Šö‚·‚é‚É‚Í�Aanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

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•AbhidhammaŒ¾Œê‚Å‚Í�A�Å‚à‹­—͂ȃNƒTƒ‰ƒ`ƒbƒ^‚Í�uƒ\ƒ}ƒiƒbƒTƒTƒnƒKƒ^ƒjƒƒ�[ƒiƒTƒ“ƒpƒ†ƒbƒ^ƒAƒTƒ“ƒJƒŠ�[ƒJƒ`ƒbƒ^�v�A‚‚܂è�uŠì‚тƒmŒb‚ÅŽ©“®“I‚É�¶‚¶‚éŽv�l�v‚Å‚·�B‚±‚Ì�l‚¦‚Í�A’mŒb‚ª‘�‚·‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä‹­‚­‚È‚è�ASōtapannaƒ}ƒOƒK�ASōtapannaƒtƒ@ƒ‰‚Ȃǂɓž’B‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä‹­‚­‚È‚è�AƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“ƒg’iŠK‚ł̂Ý�Å“K‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

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ŽŸ‚É�A�uĀnāpānasatiBhāvanā�i‚Í‚¶‚ß‚É�j�v�A�c�c..

 

 

 

Annantara and Samanantara Paccaya

1. These are two important �gpaccaya�h or relations in Buddha Dhamma. Anything in this world happens due to a reason (hetu, pronounced �ghéthu�h). But just because there is a hetu (cause), the appropriate result (or the effect) may not occur until suitable conditions are realized.

2. This is the reason why kamma is not deterministic. In the post, �gWhat is Kamma? – Is Everything Determined by Kamma?�h, I stated this fact and here we will see the reason for it.

3. Let us look at the annantara and samanantara relations as discussed in the Patthäna Dhamma (book on �gConditional Relations�h in Abhidhamma):

4. Here is one example the Buddha gave: If one prepares a plot by preparing the soil, providing water, and if sunlight is also available, the samanantara for a seed to germinate is there. However, unless one starts off with an apple seed (annantara condition not met), an apple tree will not grow.

5. More examples can be given these days that are related to modern technology. If a radio station is broadcasting a radio program, that can be taken as the annantara: the seed energy is available anywhere within a certain range. But one cannot listen to the program without a radio; even if someone has a radio, one cannot listen to the program unless the radio is �gtuned�f to the correct frequency. When those conditions are met, one could hear the program even many miles away. The delay between the broadcast and reception is a very short time.

6. By being mindful, we can avoid many past bad kamma seeds from coming to fruition. We just make sure that samanantara conditions are not present. If one goes out at night in a bad neighborhood that is providing fertile ground for a past bad kamma seed to germinate and the kamma vipaka to take place.

7. From our past innumerable lives we have accumulated innumerable kamma seeds both good and bad. Some of the stronger ones bear fruit no matter what we do, especially the anantariya kamma vipaka.

8. One important cross-connection is matching �ggathi�h with similar �ggathi�h that we have discussed before; see, �gHabits and Goals�h, and �gSansaric Habits and Asavas�h.

In other posts we will discuss further applications of annantara-samanantara relations. One important application is in, �gTransfer of Merits (Pattidana)- How does it Happen?�g.

Next in the series, �gAsevana and Annamanna Paccaya�g, ..

 

 

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Is Ānāpānasati Breath Meditation?

June 2, 2017; revised September 2, 2017

1. If you Google �gAnapanasati�h, almost all websites that come up identify it as �gBuddhist breath mediation�h or �gmindfulness of breathing�h. But Tipitaka suttās clearly lead to the conclusion that breath meditation is not Buddhist Ānāpāna bhāvanā.

I will provide evidence for those two statements below. First, let us see what can be accomplished with Buddhist Ānāpānasati bhāvanā.

 

1.�uAnapanasati�v‚ðGoogle‚ÅŒŸ�õ‚·‚邯�A‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚·‚ׂĂÌWebƒTƒCƒg‚Å�u•§‹³‚̌ċzáÒ‘z�v‚Ü‚½‚Í�uŒÄ‹z‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX�v‚Æ•\ަ‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�ATipitaka suttās ‚ł͖¾‚ç‚©‚É�AŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Í•§‹³‚ÌĀnāpānabhāvanā‚ł͂Ȃ¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ‹˜_‚ÉŽŠ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

•ŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚ÌŽž‘ã‚Å‚³‚¦ƒˆƒM‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄŽÀ‘H‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚Å‚·‚©‚ç�AŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚ÍŽß‘¸‚ÌĀnāpāna bhāvan₿‚èˆÈ‘O‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł·�BŽß‘¸‚Í‚»‚ê‚ð‹‘”Û‚µ‚½‚Ì‚ÍNibbāna‚·‚Ȃ킿‹ê‚µ‚Ý‚©‚ç‚̉i‘±“I‚È‹~�ςɂ‚Ȃª‚ç‚È‚¢‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B

•Tipitaka‚ɂ͑½‚­‚Ìsuttā‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í�AĀnāpāna‚ª�³‚µ‚­ŽÀ‘H‚³‚ê‚邯�AŽ©“®“I‚ÉSatipatthāna�ASaptha Bojjanga�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‚·‚ׂĂÌ37‚Ì�³Šo‚Ì—vˆö‚ð–ž‚½‚µ�ANibbāna‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚邯–¾Šm‚É�q‚ׂĂ¢‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AĀnāpāna sati‚Í�A’P‚Ɍċz‚É�Å“_‚ð�‡‚킹‚邿‚è‚à‚͂邩‚É�[‚¢‚̂ł·�B

•ˆÈ‰º‚É�A‚±‚ê‚ç2‚‚Ì�Ø‹’‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚¸�A•§‹³‚ÌĀnāpānasati bhāvanā‚ʼn½‚ª’B�¬‚Å‚«‚é‚©‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B

 

2. According to the Ānāpānassati Sutta (MN 118): �g..Ānāpānassati, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūreti. Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti. Satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti.�h

Therefore, it is quite clear that ānāpānassati, by itself, can lead to all the way to the Arahanthood. Thus, one does not need to do �gseparate vipassanā (insight) meditation after getting to samatha with ānāpānassati�h as some suggest.

 

2Ānāpānassati Sutta (MN 118)‚É‚æ‚ê‚Î�@ �g..Ānāpānassati, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūreti. Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti. Satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti.

•–|–󂷂邯�u..Ānāpānassati�v‚ðŽg—p�ibhāvitā�j‚·‚邯�A‚»‚µ‚Ä•p”ɂɎg—p�ibahulīkatā�j‚·‚邯�A4Ží—Þ‚ÌSatipatthāna‚ªŠ®�¬�iparipūreti�j‚µ‚Ü‚·�B Cattāro satipaṭṭhāna‚ÍŽg—p�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ•p”ɂɎg—p‚·‚邯�ASapta Bojjanga‚ªŠ®�¬‚³‚¹‚Ü‚·�B Sapta Bojjanga‚Í�AŽg—p‚¨‚æ‚Ñ•p”ɂɎg—p‚·‚邯�AŠ®‘S‚È—£’E�iNibbāna‚·‚Ȃ킿ƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚Ì‹«’n�j‚ðŠ®—¹‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

•Ananda Sutta (SN 54.13)‚Å‚à‚Ü‚Á‚½‚­“¯‚¶�º–¾‚ª‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�BŽÀ�Û�AĀnāpāna Saṃyutta (SN 54)‚Ìsuttā‚̂قƂñ‚ǂɂÍ�A�gĀnāpānassati, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā�g‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚±‚Å�A�umahappalā�v�i�umahā�v+�upala�v�j‚Í�ASotapanna, Sakadagami, Anagami, Arahant‚Ì4‚‚Ì�‚‹M‚È’iŠK‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

•‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Aānāpānassati‚ª’P“ƂŃAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚Ì‹«’n‚ÉŽŠ‚é‚±‚Ƃ͖¾‚ç‚©‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Aˆê•”‚Ì�l‚ªŽ¦�´‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�A�uānāpānassati‚ŃTƒ}ƒ^‚𓾂½Žž‚É‚Í�A•ʌ‚ł ‚郔ƒBƒpƒbƒTƒi�[�i“´Ž@�jáÒ‘z�v‚ð‚·‚é•K—v‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

3. The next key question is: �gCan breath meditation, by itself, lead to Arahanthood?     This is the critical question that needs to contemplated by those who believe that  Ānāpānassati means breath meditation.

If Ānāpānassati means breath meditation, how could keeping the mind on one�fs breath by itself REMOVE rāga, dōsa, mōha from one�fs mind?

 

3.ŽŸ‚Ì�d—v‚ÈŽ¿–â‚Í�uŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Í�A‚»‚ꂾ‚¯‚ŃAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚Ì‹«’n‚ÉŽŠ‚è‚Ü‚·‚©�H�v

‚±‚ê‚Í�AĀnāpānassati‚ªŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚邯�M‚¶‚é�l�X‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä�n�l‚³‚ê‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�d—v‚ÈŽ¿–â‚Å‚·�B

•ƒjƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚Æ‚Í�A—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�A–³’m‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 �grāgakkhayō dōsakkhayō mōhakkhayō idaṃ vuccati nibbānanti�g.�@�@�@�@ŽŠ‚é�H�œ‹Ž�H

‚±‚ê‚Í Nibbāna pañhā Sutta (SN 38.1)ŠÜ‚ß�A‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Ìsutta‚É�o‚Ä‚­‚éƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚Å‚·�B

•Ānāpānasnasati‚ªŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�ê�‡�A‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚΃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðŽ©•ª‚̌ċz‚É—¯‚߂邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚̂łµ‚傤‚©�Hƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚çrāga, dōsa, mōha‚ð�œ‹Ž‚Å‚«‚é‚̂łµ‚傤‚©�H

 

4. The conventional (and erroneous) teaching in many texts today is that one needs to get to samādhi with Ānāpānassati and then one needs to do Vipassanā or insight mediation to attain magga phala.

Of course this erroneous interpretation — that breath meditation is Buddhist Ānāpāna bhāvanā —  is not something that current practitioners  came up with. It can be traced back to Buddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga, see, �gBuddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga – A Focused Analysis�g.

 

4.�¡“ú‚Ì‘½‚­‚̃eƒLƒXƒg‚Å‚Ì�]—ˆ‚Ì�i‚»‚µ‚ÄŒë‚Á‚½�j‹³‚¦‚Í�A‚Í‚¶‚߂ɠĀnāpānassati ‚Åsamādhi‚É“ž’B‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è�AŽŸ‚Émagga phala�iƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚ÉŽŠ‚é‚S’iŠK‚Ì“¹�j‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚ÉVipassanā‚Ü‚½‚Í“´Ž@áÒ‘z‚ð�s‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B

•‚µ‚©‚µ�A�ã‹L‚Å‹c˜_‚µ‚½sutta‚©‚ç�AĀnāpānassatiŽ©‘Ì‚ªƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚Ì‹«’n‚É‚³‚¦“±‚¯‚邱‚Ƃ͔ñ�í‚É–¾Šm‚Å‚·�I

•‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A�uŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Ƃ͕§‹³‚ÌĀnāpāna bhāvanā‚Ì‚±‚Ƃł ‚é�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œë‚Á‚½‰ðŽß‚Í�AŒ»�݂̎À‘HŽÒ‚ªŽv‚¢‚‚¢‚½‚à‚̂ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BBuddhaghosa‚Ì�´�ò“¹˜_‚ɂ܂ł³‚©‚̂ڂ邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BBuddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga – A Focused Analysis

 

5. The incorrect version of Ānāpānassati was there even before the Buddha. In the Arittha Sutta (SN 54.06), the Buddha, upon finding out that Bhikkhu Arittha was practicing the incorrect breath meditation as Ānāpānassati told him, �g..Atthesā, ariṭṭha, ānāpānassati, nesā natthī�fti vadāmi. Api ca, ariṭṭha, yathā ānāpānassati vitthārena paripuṇṇā hoti taṃ suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī�hti.

 

5. Ānāpānassati ‚ÌŒë‚Á‚½ƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚̈ȑO‚Å‚³‚¦‘¶�Ý‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�BArittha Sutta (SN 54.06)‚Å‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚Í�A”ä‹uArittha‚ªŒë‚Á‚½áÒ‘z‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚ð’m‚Á‚Ä�A”Þ‚ÉŒ¾‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

�g..Atthesā, ariṭṭha, ānāpānassati, nesā natthī�fti vadāmi. Api ca, ariṭṭha, yathā ānāpānassati vitthārena paripuṇṇā hoti taṃ suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī�hti.

 

•�A�u.. Arittha‚æ�A‚»‚̂悤‚Èānāpānassati‚ª‚È‚¢‚Ƃ͌¾‚í‚È‚¢�B‚µ‚©‚µ�AŽ„‚Í–{•¨‚Ìānāpānassati‚ð�à–¾‚·‚é‚Ì‚Å�Aލ‚ðŒX‚¯�A�×�S‚Ì’�ˆÓ‚𕥂¢‚È‚³‚¢�A‚Å‚Í�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B"

•‚³‚ç‚É�A“–Žž‚Ìyōgisƒˆ�[ƒM‚Í�A‚æ‚è�‚‚¢ jhāna‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A‚»‚ÌŒë‚Á‚½ƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚̌ċzáÒ‘z‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚Ìanāriya jhāna‚Í�A’P‚ɉ˜‚ê�ikeles�j‚ð—}�§‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä’B�¬‚³‚ê�Amagga phala‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚̂悤‚Èanāriya jhāna‚ðˆç‚Þ�l�X‚ÍŽŸ‚Ì’a�¶‚ðƒuƒ‰ƒtƒ}‚̗̈æ‚Å‚à‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚»‚ÌŒã‚Í apāyās‚É‚à�¶‚Ü‚ê•Ï‚í‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

6. The main reason for the incorrect interpretation of Ānāpānassati as breath meditation is that in many suttās it is described as assāsa/passāsa, which conventionally means taking in/putting out of something, and particularly to breathing in/breathing out.

That should be clear to anyone who knows that Nibbāna is attained via getting rid of dasa akusala.

 

6.Ānāpānassati‚ªŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŒë‚Á‚ĉðŽß‚³‚ê‚éŽå‚È—�—R‚Í�A‘½‚­‚Ìsuttās‚Åassāsa/passāsa‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‹L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

•ŽÀ�Û�Aāna/āpāna‚Í�AˆÈ‰º‚Å�à–¾‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�AŽæ‚è�ž‚Ý/Žæ‚è�o‚µ‚àˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

•‚½‚¾‚µ�AĀnāpānassati‚Ìsuttās‚Å‚Í�Aassassa /passāsa‚Ü‚½‚Íāna/pāna‚Í�A‹ï‘Ì“I‚É‚Í�Akusala‚ðŽæ‚è�ž‚Þ‚±‚Æ/ akusala‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŒë‚Á‚½”ª“¹‚ð•úŠü‚µ‚Ä”ª�³“¹‚ð�i‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B

•Nibbāna ‚Ídasa akusala‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚ƂŒB�¬‚³‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ð’m‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�l‚È‚ç’N‚É‚Å‚à–¾‚ç‚©‚Å‚ ‚é‚Í‚¸‚Å‚·�B

 

7. In the assāsa Sutta (SN38.5), it is specifically said what needs to be �gtaken in�h (assāsa):

Therefore, there should not be any confusion about what assāsa means.

 

 

7. assāsa Sutta (SN38.5)‚Å‚Í�A�uŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚é(assāsa)�v•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚à‚̂Ƌï‘Ì“I‚É�q‚ׂç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�gKatamo panāvuso maggo katamā paṭipadā etassa assāsassa�ito be �gtaken in�h�j  sacchikiriyāyāti (what needs). Ayameva kho āvuso ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo etassa assāsassa sacchikiriyāya (it is the Noble Eightfold Path that needs to be �gtaken in�h). Seyyathīdaṃ (Š·Œ¾‚·‚邯): sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi�h.

 

•Parama assāsa Sutta (AN38.6)‚É‚à“¯‚¶ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚ª‚ ‚è�A�uparama�v‚‚܂è�u�ã‚̈ʒu�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤—pŒê‚ð‹­’²‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Aassassa‚̈Ӗ¡‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�¬—�‚͂Ȃ¢‚Í‚¸‚Å‚·�B

 

8. A detailed description of how the cultivation of correct  Ānāpānassati leads to Ariya jhānas as well as magga phala is described in the Padī­po­pama ­sutta (SN 54.8), also called the Dipa Sutta.

�gpaṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī assasissāmī�fti sikkhati, �epaṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī passasissāmī�fti sikkhati�h means, �gone cultivates discipline (sikkhati) by removing bonds that binds one to the rebirth process (patinissaganupassi) by taking in morals (assasissāmi) and getting rid of immorals (passasissāmi)�h.

 

8.�³‚µ‚¢Ānāpānassati‚̈ç�¬‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ÉAriya jhānas‚Æmagga phala‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‚©‚Ì�Ú�ׂÈ�à–¾‚Í�ADipa Sutta‚Æ‚àŒÄ‚΂ê‚éPadī­po­pama ­sutta (SN 54.8)‚É‹L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�gSo satōva assasati, satōva passasati�h ‚Æ‚Í

Kusala“¿‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�Aakusala•s‘P‚ð�œ‹Ž‚·‚éƒ_ƒ“ƒ}‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðƒL�[ƒv‚·‚é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚·�B

 

�gpaṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī assasissāmī�fti sikkhati, �epaṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī passasissāmī�fti sikkhati�h ‚Í,�@“¿‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê(assasissāmi)�A•s‘P‚ð�œ‹Ž‚·‚é(passasissāmi)‚±‚Æ‚Å�A�Ä�¶ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX(patinissaganupassi)‚Æ‚Ì�S‘©‚ð�œ‹Ž‚µ‚Ä�A‹K—¥(sikkhati)‚ªˆç�¬‚³‚ê‚é�B

 

9. As is the case with many Pāli words, the meaning of the word Ānāpāna is embedded in the word itself. The two words  �gāna�h and �gāpāna�h combine to rhyme as ānāpāna. When  �gsati�h is added for being mindful of that, it becomes ānāpānassati.

So, one does not throw away everything or take in everything. One needs to be selective in taking in �ggood things�h and throwing away �gbad things�h. That is where mindfulness comes in. That cannot be done with breath.

 

9.‘½‚­‚̃p�[ƒŠŒê‚Ì�ê�‡‚Æ“¯—l‚É�AĀnāpāna‚̈Ӗ¡‚ÍŒê‹åŽ©‘̂ɖ„‚ß�ž‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B �uāna�v‚Æ�uāpāna�v‚Ì2‚‚̒PŒê‚Í�Aānāpāna‚Æ‚µ‚ĉC‚ð�‡‚킹‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ð”O“ª‚É’u‚¢‚Ä�usati�v‚ð’ljÁ‚·‚邯�Aānāpānasnasati‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

•�uĀna�v‚ªŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚Å�A�uÄpāna�v‚Í•úŠü‚Å‚·�BƒVƒ“ƒnƒ‰Œê‚Å‚Í�A�uānayanaya�v‚Í�u—A“ü�v‚Å�uapanayanaya�v‚Í�u—A�o�v‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uäna�v+�uäpäna�v‚Ü‚½‚Íanapana‚Í�uŽæ‚è�ž‚Ý/•úŠü�v‚Ü‚½‚̓Cƒ“ƒ|�[ƒg/ƒGƒNƒXƒ|�[ƒg‚Å‚·�B

•�uAssa�v‚Í�uāna�v‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å‚ ‚è�A�upassa�v‚Í�uāpāna�v‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å‚·�B

‚·‚ׂĂðŽÌ‚Ä‚½‚è�A‚·‚×‚Ä‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ꂽ‚è‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B �u—Ç‚¢‚à‚Ì�v‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�A�uˆ«‚¢‚à‚Ì�v‚ðŽÌ‚Ä‚é�Û‚É‚Í�A‘I‘ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚Ń}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚Ì�o”Ô‚Å‚·�B

�u‘§�v‚ł͑I‘ð‚â”»’f‚͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

10. Most people are reluctant to give up the wrong practice of �gbreath meditation�h simply because they are attached to the �gstate of well being�h that can be reached with breath meditation. But that relief is only temporary.

It must also be mentioned that breath mediation can be used to calm down one�fs mind. But one should not expect to make much progress towards Nibbāna using it. In fact, if one gets �gaddicted�h to it (as I have seen many people do), it could be a serious distraction to the Noble Path.

 

10.‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚Ì�l‚Í�AŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Å“¾‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é�u�K•Ÿ‚Ì�ó‘Ô�v‚ÉŽ·’…‚µ‚Ä�uŒÄ‹záÒ‘z�v‚ÌŠÔˆá‚Á‚½ŽÀ‘H‚ð•úŠü‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðŒ™‚ª‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚Ì‹~�ς͈ꎞ“I‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B

•ŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Åanāriya jhānas‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‰Â”\‚Å‚·‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚̃Wƒƒƒi‚àˆêŽž“I‚È‚à‚̂ł·�Bˆê•û‚Å�A�³‚µ‚¢Ānāpānasati bhāvanā‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä’B�¬‚³‚ꂽAriya jhānas‚Í�A�[‚­‰B‚³‚ꂽ‰˜‚ê�ianusaya�j‚ª�œ‹Ž‚³‚ê‚邽‚ß�A�«—ˆ‚Ì�Ä�¶‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä‚à‰i‘±“I‚Å‚·�B

•‚Ü‚½�AŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚ðŽg‚Á‚Ä�S‚ð—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚邱‚Æ‚É‚àŒ¾‹y‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚ðŽg‚Á‚ÄNibbāna‚ÉŒü‚©‚Á‚đ傫‚È�i•à‚ðŠú‘Ò‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽÀ�Û�A�i‘½‚­‚Ì�l‚ª‚»‚¤‚È‚é‚Ì‚ðŒ©‚Ü‚µ‚½‚ª�j�u’†“Å�v‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�A‚»‚ê‚ÍŽl’ú‚Ì“¹‚É�[��‚È�áŠQ‚ɂȂé‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

11. As I have emphasized in the �gBhävanä (Meditation)�h and the �gMaha Satipatthana Sutta�g, one should not restrict either Ānāpānasati or Satipatthāna bhāvanā to formal sessions conducted sitting down at an isolated place.

 

11. Bhävanä (Meditation)‚ÆMaha Satipatthana Sutta‚Å‹­’²‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�Aanāpāna sati‚Ü‚½‚ÍSatipatthāna bhāvanā‚ðŒÇ—§‚µ‚½�ê�Š‚Å�À‚Á‚Ä�s‚í‚ê‚é�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚É�§ŒÀ‚·‚ׂ«‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

•Žß‘¸‚ª�ã‹L‚Ì�”2‚Å�u..Ānāpānasnasati�Abhikkhave�Abhāvitābahulīkatā..�v‚ÆŒ¾‚Á‚½‚Æ‚«�A”ނ͉”\‚ÈŒÀ‚è‚Ç‚±‚Å‚à‚»‚ê‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚‚܂è�AŠî–{“I‚É‚Í�í‚ɂł·�IŽ©•ª‚Ì�s“®�AŒ¾˜_�AŽv�l‚É—¯ˆÓ‚µ�Aˆ«‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ðŽ~‚ß�A—Ç‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ð—{‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•‚±‚ꂪŽÀ‘H‚ÌŠî–{“I‚ȃAƒvƒ��[ƒ`‚Å‚·�B�Ä�¶‚âkamma‚̂悤‚ÈBuddha Dhamma‚ÌŠî–{“I‚È�M�ð‚ð�M‚¶‚È‚¢�l‚Å‚àŽg—p‚Å‚«‚é’iŠK“I‚ȃvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�uLiving Dhamma�v‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

12. Some people believe that Ānāpānasati or Satipatthāna bhāvanā should be done in formal sessions, because of the verse, �gIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aranna gato vä rukkhamüla gato vä sunnägära gato vä nisidati pallankaṃ äbhujitvä, ujuṃ käyaṃ paṇidhäya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvä�h, that appears in multiple suttās explaining both Ānāpānassati and Satipattāna bhāvanā.

In most English translations this verse is written as,

 �gThere is the case where a monk, having gone to the wilderness, to the foot of a tree, or to an empty building, sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect, and setting mindfulness to the fore�h.

One could also use the conventional meaning for formal sessions. But of course, it is the deeper meaning that is much more important even in formal sessions.

 

12. Ānāpānasati ‚â Satipatthāna bhāvanā‚ÍŒöŽ®ƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚é‚ׂ«‚¾‚Æ�l‚¦‚é�l‚à‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚ê‚Í‚¢‚‚­‚©‚Ìsutta‚É‹L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é

�gIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aranna gato vä rukkhamüla gato vä sunnägära gato vä nisidati pallankaṃ äbhujitvä, ujuṃ käyaṃ paṇidhäya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvä�h

‚ð‚±‚Ì‚Q‚‚ÌáÒ‘z‚É‚à“K—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚߂ł·�B

•‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚ǂ̉pŒê‚Ì–|–ó‚Å‚Í�A‚±‚Ì�¹‹å‚ÍŽŸ‚̂悤‚É�‘‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�u”ä‹u‚Í–ì‚É�s‚«�AŽ÷‚̉º‚Å�A‚à‚µ‚­‚Í’N‚à‚¢‚È‚¢Œš•¨‚Ì’†‚Å�A‘«‚ðƒNƒ�ƒX‚³‚¹‚Ä�À‚è�A‘Ì‚ð‚Ü‚Á‚·‚®‚É‹N‚±‚µ�A‹C‚«‚Ì�ó‘Ô‚Å‚¢‚È‚³‚¢�v

•‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚±‚Ì�¹‹å‚ɂ͂à‚Á‚Æ�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A�urukkhamūla�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤’PŒê‚Ì�urukkha�v‚Í�u–Ø�v�A�umūla�v‚Í�u�ª�v‚Å‚·�B–؂̂ĂÁ‚Ø‚ñ‚Í•—‚Å‘OŒã‚É—h‚ê‚Ü‚·‚ª�A�ª‚ɋ߂¢–؂̊²‚Í”ñ�í‚ɈÀ’肵‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�urukkhamūla gatō vā �v‚Æ‚Í�AˆÀ’肵‚½�l‚¦•û‚É“ž’B‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�]—ˆ‚̉ðŽß‚Å‚Í�A�u–Ø‚Ì�ªŒ³‚É�s‚­�v‚ƉðŽß‚³‚ê‚Ä‚«‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•‚»‚ÌŠ®‘S‚Èèñ‰Ì‚Ì‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Í�APrerequisites for the Satipatthāna Bhāvanā‚Å�Ú�ׂɋc˜_‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚©‚ç�A‚±‚Ì�߂͎Ÿ‚̂悤‚É�q‚ׂĂ¢‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�uЉ–]‚ÆŒ™ˆ«‚Æ–³’m‚©‚ç—£‚ê�A�©‚Å—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚½ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì�ó‘Ô‚É“ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä—D‰zŠ´‚ª‚È‚¢�T‚¦‚߂ȑԓx‚ð•Û‚¿�A—¦’¼‚©‚Â�³’¼‚ɂȂè�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð—â�Âɂ·‚邱‚Æ‚ð–Ú“I‚É‚µ‚Ä�S‚ð•Û‚¿‚Ü‚·�B�v

‚»‚ê‚͂ǂ±‚Å‚à�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Ì‚Å�A�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÍŒø‰Ê“I‚Å‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A�â‘΂Ì�ðŒ�‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

•�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�]—ˆ‚̈Ӗ¡‚ʼnðŽß‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œê‹å‚É‚à�A‚æ‚è‘å�Ø‚Å�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

13. If anyone has any evidence to the contrary from the Tipitaka, please make a comment at the �gDiscussion Forum�g. I will be happy to address any such issues.

 

13.’N‚©‚ªTipitaka‚©‚甽‘΂Ì�Ø‹’‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡‚Í�A�uDiscussion Forum�v‚ŃRƒ�ƒ“ƒg‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚±‚̂悤‚È–â‘è‚É‘Î�ˆ‚³‚¹‚Ä‚¢‚½‚¾‚«‚Ü‚·�B

•Tipitaka‚Ɋ܂܂ê‚é3‚‚̉ð�à�iPatisambhidamagga�APetakopadesa�A‚¨‚æ‚ÑNettippakarana�j‚ð�œ‚«�AŒã‚Å‹L�q‚³‚ꂽ‘¼‚Ì‚·‚ׂẲð�à‚ɂ͑½‚­‚Ì–µ�‚‚ÆŠ®‘S‚ÈŒë‰ð‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A�uBuddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga – A Focused Analysis‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

 

 

 

6. Anāpānasati Bhāvanā (Introduction)

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

 

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì�ãˆÊ10Œ�‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî‘b‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŽc‚è‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚éáÒ‘z‚̃e�[ƒ}‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB�[‚ðŠl“¾‚·‚邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Ì11Œ�‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚Í‚±‚Ì�‡�˜‚ŃtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

1. I hope that  several key points are clear from the discussion in the post, �gThe Second Level – Key to Purify the Mind�g:

AND we need to do this all the time; we cannot let bad habits come back, which means we need to be on the lookout for any lapses in our practice. And we need to be on the lookout for opportunities to do moral acts that are beneficial for oneself and others.

 

1. The Second Level – Key to Purify the Mind‚ł̋c˜_‚©‚ç�A‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Ì�d—v‚È“_‚ª–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂê‚Î�K‚¢‚Å‚·�B

ˆ«‚¢�Kе�igati /āsava�j‚Í�A•s“¹“¿‚Ü‚½‚͉¿’l‚̂Ȃ¢�sˆ×�AŒ¾˜_�A‚Ü‚½‚ÍŽv�l‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚ð”jŠü‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚É‘Î�R‚·‚é‚É‚Í�A—Ç‚¢�Kе‚ð—{‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì‚½‚߂ɂÍ�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ÉŠì‚Ñ‚ð‚à‚½‚ç‚·“¹“¿“IŠˆ“®‚ð�s‚¢�A“¹“¿“I�s“®‚ðˆç�¬‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚±‚ê‚ð�í‚É�s‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Bˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è–ß‚µ‚½‚­‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚‚܂è�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÌŽÀ‘H‚ÌŒ‡”@‚ðŠÄŽ‹‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�AŽ©•ªŽ©�g‚Æ‘¼�l‚Ì‚½‚߂ɗL‰v‚È“¹“¿“I�sˆ×‚ð‚·‚é‹@‰ï‚ð’T‚µ‘±‚¯‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

2. The Buddha described bhävana as follows: �gāsevitäya, bhāvitāya, bahuleekathāya,...�h or �gkeep close association, use often, and use all the time (what is good)�c�c�h. When one is making an effort to form a new habit, one should be thinking about it and doing things to support that whenever possible. Trying to do it in a formal meditation session will not be enough.

Nowadays, �gāna�h is taken to be �gbreath in�h and �gāpāna�h is taken to be �gbreath out�h; �gsati�h means mindfulness so, the word �gānāpānasati�h is interpreted as �gmindfully breathing in and mindfully breathing out�h. This is the conventional (or �gpadaparama�g) interpretation of �gānapāna�g, and that is only a very narrow use; see the post below that explains these terms.

2.Žß‘¸‚Íbhävana‚ðŽŸ‚Ì‚æ‚¤‚É�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�F�uāsevitäya�Abhāvitāya�Abahuleekathāya�A...�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u–§�Ú‚ÈŠÖ˜A‚ð•Û‚¿�A•p”ɂɎg—p‚µ�A�í‚ÉŽg—p‚·‚é�i—Ç‚¢‚±‚Æ�j�c�c�v�B�V‚µ‚¢�Kе‚ð�ì‚é“w—Í‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«‚Í�A‚»‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦�A‚»‚ê‚ðƒTƒ|�[ƒg‚·‚邽‚߂ɉ”\‚ÈŒÀ‚è‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚¾‚¯‚Å‚Í�\•ª‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

‚±‚̃VƒŠ�[ƒY‚̈ȑO‚É�AŒJ‚è•Ô‚µ‚Ì�sˆ×‚ª”]‚Ì�_Œo�Ú‘±‚ð‹­‰»‚µ‚Ä�Kе‚ðŒ`�¬‚·‚錻�݂̉Ȋw“I�à–¾‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B“¯‚¶‚悤‚É�A“ª‚É•‚‚©‚Ô‚½‚тɂ»‚ê‚ð‚µ‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚Å�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ð‘Å”j‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŠù‘¶‚Ì�_Œo‚Ì�Ú‘±‚ªŽã‚­‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚­‚̂ł·�B

‰½‚ð�l‚¦‚é‚ׂ«‚©�F�u—Ç‚¢‚à‚Ì�ikusala‚·‚Ȃ킿“¹“¿“I‚È‚à‚Ì�j‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�A�uˆ«‚¢‚à‚Ì�iakusala‚·‚Ȃ킿•s“¹“¿‚È‚à‚Ì�j‚ðŽÌ‚Ä‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ð�S‚É—¯‚߂è‚­‚±‚Æ�B‚±‚ꂪānāpānasati bhāvana‚Ì–{“–‚̈Ӗ¡‚Å‚·�B

‚æ‚è�L‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚Í�A�uāna�v‚É‚Í�A�¶Šˆ‚ð‰ü‘P‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�uŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�v‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢‚ ‚ç‚ä‚é‚à‚Ì‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê�A�uāpāna�v‚ɂ͂»‚Ì‹t‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A‘̂ɗǂ¢�H‚ו¨‚¾‚¯‚ð�H‚×�Aˆ«‚¢�H‚ו¨‚Í”ð‚¯‚½‚èŽÌ‚Ä‚½‚è‚·‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�B

Œ»�Ý�A�uāna�v‚Í�uŒÄ‹z‚Ì‹z�v�A�uāpāna�v‚Í�uŒÄƒuƒŒƒXƒAƒEƒg�v‚ƉðŽß‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B �usati�v‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é‚Ì‚Å�A�uānāpānasati�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ¾—t‚Í�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹‚É‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹‚É‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚ƉðŽß‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�uānapāna�v‚Ì�]—ˆ‚Ì�i‚·‚Ȃ킿�upadaparama�v�j‰ðŽß‚Å‚ ‚è�A‚±‚ê‚Í”ñ�í‚É‹·‹`‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì—pŒê‚ð�à–¾‚·‚éˆÈ‰º‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

3. These aspects are discussed in many suttā. I have a couple of posts that discuss the Sabbāsava Sutta (sabba+āsava is all āsavas), which point out seven specific steps that will help remove bad habits and develop good habits (gati/āsavas).

Looking at the same goal from a slightly different viewpoint, five such steps are given in the Vitakkasanthāna (vitakka+san+thāna = removing defiled thoughts) sutta; I hope to write a post on this later.

 

3.‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‘¤–ʂ͑½‚­‚Ìsuttā‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B SabbāsavaSutta�isabba +āsava�@‚·‚ׂĂÌāsavas�j‚ł͈«‚¢�Kе�igati /āsavas�j‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«�A—Ç‚¢�Kе‚ð�g‚ɂ‚¯‚é‚̂ɖ𗧂Â7‚‚̋ï‘Ì“I‚ÈŽè�‡‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚킸‚©‚ɈقȂ鎋“_‚Å‚·‚ªVitakkasanthāna�ivitakka�i�l‚¦�j + san�iæÃáÑ’s�j +thāna�i�í�œ�j�jsutta‚É‚Í�A“¯‚¶–Ú•W‚Ì5‚‚̃Xƒeƒbƒv‚ªŽ¦‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă͌ã‚ŃgƒsƒbƒN‚É‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

4. Now, with all the discussion we have had up to this point, how can just a process of �gbreathing in�h and �gbreathing out�h mindfully GET RID OF either the bad habits (gati/āsāvas) or the five hindrances?

However, this calming down or getting to Samatha is a TEMPORARY solution. The moment we come back to the real world with all its distractions and temptations, those habits take over.

 

4.‚³‚Ä�A‚±‚±‚܂ł̋c˜_‚Å�A�u‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�ž‚Þ�v‚Æ�u‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚¾‚¯‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚Å�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе�igati /āsāvas�j‚Ü‚½‚Í5‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚ɂ͂ǂ¤‚·‚ê‚΂悢‚Å‚µ‚傤‚©�B

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚»‚ê‚Í•s‰Â”\‚Å‚·�B

‚µ‚©‚µ�A‘O�q‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�A1‚‚̂±‚Æ‚ðŽÀ�s‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B–Ú‚ð•‚¶‚Ä�©‚È�ê�Š‚É�À‚Á‚Ä�i‚‚܂è�AŒø‰Ê“I‚È5‚‚Ì�g‘ÌŠ´Šo‚ðƒIƒt‚É‚µ‚Ä�j�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðŒÄ‹z‚ɌŒ肷‚邯�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚Ä5‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚ª—§‚¿�オ‚ç‚È‚­‚È‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�iƒrƒbƒOƒGƒCƒg‚Ì•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ð”Æ‚³‚È‚¢‚悤‚É‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‘O’ñ‚Å‚·�j�B

‚½‚¾‚µ�A‚±‚ê‚Å—Ž‚¿’…‚«�A‚·‚Ȃ킿ƒTƒ}ƒT‚ÉŽŠ‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚͈̂ꎞ“I‚ȉðŒˆ�ô‚Å‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª“ú�í�¶Šˆ‚É–ß‚Á‚½�uŠÔ‚É‹C�°‚炵‚Æ—U˜f‚Å�A‚±‚ê‚܂łÌ�Kе‚ª�ÄŠJ‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

 

5. The breath meditation needs to be used appropriately, with the understanding that it can provide only temporary relief. This breath meditation is the same meditation that was used by the Hindu yogis to attain mundane (Anāriya) jhānā even before the Buddha.

The real anāpānasati bhāvanā is not described in the Visuddhimagga and is not described in any  Mahayaṃa or even Theravada texts today. One needs to go directly to the Tipiṭaka to find it; it is described in many suttā, for example, the Assāsa sutta. I could not find an English translation of this sutta. Another one Arittha Sutta and the translation published at the Access to insight site is not complete, even though it does contain Buddha�fs admonition to Ven. Arittha that in and out-breathing is only one version of Ānāpānasati (in the sutta it says it is NOT the Ariya or Noble version): http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn54/sn54.006.than.html.

 

5.ŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚͈ꎞ“I‚Ȋɘa‚݂̂ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚Å‚«‚邱‚Æ‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚½�ã‚Å�A“K�؂Ɏg—p‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̌ċzáÒ‘z‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚̈ȑO‚Å‚à•½–}‚È�iAnāriya�jjhānā‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚߂Ƀqƒ“ƒhƒD�[‹³‚̃ˆƒM‚ªŽg—p‚µ‚½áÒ‘z‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å‚·�B

 

Buddhaghosa‚ÌVisuddhimagga‚ª�ã�À•”Dhamma�iCE 5�¢‹I�j‚ÌŠî‘b‚Æ‚µ‚Ä”F‚ß‚ç‚ê‚½ŽžˆÈ—ˆ�Aānāpānasati‚Ì�u•¶Žš’Ê‚è‚̉ðŽß�v‚ªŽg—p‚³‚ê‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

ŽÀ�Û‚Ìanāpānasatibhāvanā‚ÍVisuddhimagga‚ɂ͋L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¨‚炸�A�¡“ú‚Ì‘å�æ‚â�ã�À•”‚̃eƒLƒXƒg‚É‚à‹L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BTipiṭaka‚ð’¼�ÚŒ©‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B Assassa sutta‚È‚Ç�A‘½‚­‚Ìsuttā‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚Ìsutta‚̉pŒê–ó‚ÍŒ©‚‚©‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚Å‚µ‚½�B‚à‚¤1‚‚ÌArittha Sutta‚ÆAccess to insightƒTƒCƒg‚ÅŒöŠJ‚³‚ꂽ–|–ó‚É‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚ÌArittha‘¸ŽÒ‚Ö‚Ì’‰��‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚à�AŠ®‘S‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B Arittha‚ª‘§‚ð‹z‚Á‚½‚è“f‚¢‚½‚è‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ÍĀnāpānasati‚Ì‚½‚Á‚½1‚‚̃o�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚ ‚é�isutta‚Ì’†‚Å‚»‚ê‚ÍAriya‚·‚Ȃ킿Nobleƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚ł͂Ȃ¢‚ÆŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�j

http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn54/sn54.006.than .html

 

 

6. Thus there are two interpretations of the Ānāpānasati Bhavana: one is the conventional �gbreathing�h version and the other is the real version recommended by the Buddha, which has a wider interpretation, including breathing to a minor extent.

Buddhaghosa was a Hindu before converting to be a Buddhist later on; see, �gThe Life and Work of Buddhaghosa�h by B. C. Law (1927). Some say he became a Buddhist in order to introduce Hindu concepts to Buddha Dhamma. Either that or he just used whatever he understood to be the Ānāpānasati without any malicious intentions. Either way, the correct interpretation had been hidden for all these years; see, �gBuddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga – A Focused Analysis�g.

 

6.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AĀnĀpānasatiBhavana‚É‚Í2‚‚̉ðŽß‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B1‚‚Í�]—ˆ‚Ì�uŒÄ‹z�vƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚ ‚è�A‚à‚¤1‚‚̓uƒbƒ_‚ª�„�§‚·‚éŽÀ�ۂ̃o�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚·�B which has a wider interpretation, including breathing to a minor extent.

Ānāpānasati sutta‚Í�AĀnāpānasati Bhavana‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă̎ߑ¸‚Ìdesana�i�u˜b�j‚Ì—v–ñ”łł·�B‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚ǂ̎å—v‚Èsutt₯“¯—l‚É�AŠÈ’P‚É“`’B‚Å‚«‚邿‚¤‚É‹Ã�k‚³‚ꂽŒ`Ž®‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�BŽå‚ÉSariputta‘¸ŽÒ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‘¼‚Ìsutta‚Å‚àāna‚Æāpana‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�Ú�ׂÉ�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�iAssāsaSutta‚È‚Ç�j�B

Is Ānāpānasati Breath Meditation?‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚±‚±‚Å‚Í�ATipiṭaka‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä�Ú�ׂȃfƒBƒXƒJƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚³‚ç‚É�AƒVƒ“ƒnƒ‰Œê‚̉ð�à�iAtthakathā�j‚àŽå—v‚Èsuttā‚ð�à–¾‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�‘‚©‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�BŽc”O‚È‚ª‚ç�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ìatthakath‚Í�ABuddhaghosa‚ª”Þ‚ÌVisuddhimagga‚Æ‘¼‚Ì–{‚ð�‘‚¢‚½’¼Œã‚É‘S�Ä‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚½‚¾‚µ�A3‚‚Ì�d—v‚ÈPatisambhida Magga Pakarana�APitakopadesa�A‚¨‚æ‚ÑNetthipakarana‚Í�ATipiṭaka‚Ɋ܂܂ê‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚߂Ɏc‘¶‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚ÅŽ„‚ª�à–¾‚·‚é‚Ì‚Í�ATipiṭaka‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B

Buddhaghosa•§‹³“k‚ɉü�@‚·‚é‘O‚̓qƒ“ƒhƒD�[‹³“k‚Å‚µ‚½�B B. C. Law�i1927�j‚É‚æ‚é�uThe Life and Work of Buddhaghosa�v‚ðŽQ�Æ�Bƒqƒ“ƒY�[‹³‚ÌŠT”O‚ð•§–@‚É“±“ü‚·‚邽‚߂ɔނª•§‹³“k‚ɂȂÁ‚½‚ÆŒ¾‚¤�l‚à‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Æ‚àˆ«ˆÓ‚̈Ó�}‚͂Ȃ­�A”Þ‚ªĀnāpānasati‚Å‚ ‚邯—�‰ð‚µ‚½‚à‚Ì‚ð�‘‚¢‚½‚Ì‚©�A‚̂ǂ¿‚ç‚©‚Å‚·�B‚¢‚¸‚ê‚É‚¹‚æ�A�³‚µ‚¢‰ðŽß‚Í‚¸‚Á‚Æ’·‚¢ŠÔ‚ɂ킽‚Á‚ĉB‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�BBuddhaghosa�fs Visuddhimagga – A Focused Analysis‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

7. The key message of the Buddha was that we need to remove the greed, hate, and ignorance that we all have in our minds, and by doing that we can experience the nirāmisa sukha that is of better quality and of permanent nature. Let us now discuss the basic meditation technique that will start us on the correct path to achieve lasting happiness.

 

7.Žß‘¸‚Ì�d—v‚ȃ�ƒbƒZ�[ƒW‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‘Sˆõ‚ªƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É•ø‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚éæÃ—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�A–³’m‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł ‚è�A‚»‚¤‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�AŽ¿‚Ì—Ç‚¢�A‰i‘±“I‚È�«Ž¿‚Ìnirāmisa sukha‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‰i‘±“I‚È�K•Ÿ‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚Ì�³‚µ‚¢“¹‚ð•à‚Þ‚½‚߂̊î–{“I‚ÈáÒ‘z‚̃eƒNƒjƒbƒN‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B

Tipiṭaka‚©‚ç‚Ì‚æ‚葽‚­‚Ì�Ø‹’�FIs Ānāpānasati Breath Meditation?

 

 

 

7. What is Ānāpāna?

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

Revised April 2, 2017 (#4); September 2 (#11)

 

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì�ãˆÊ10Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî‘b‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŽc‚è‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚éáÒ‘z‚̃e�[ƒ}‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB�[‚ðŠl“¾‚·‚邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Ì11Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚Í‚±‚Ì�‡�˜‚ŃtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

1. The Ānāpānasati Sutta in the Majjhima Nikaya (Ānāpānasati Sutta, MN 118) starts off with the following, just after the very first verse:

Ānāpānassati, bhikkhave, bhāvithā bahulīkathā mahāpphalā hoti mahānisansā. Ānāpānassati, bhikkhave, bhāvithā bahulīkathā chattāro satipaṭṭhāna paripūreti. Chattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvithā bahulīkathā saptha bojjhaṅga paripūrenti. Saptha bojjhaṅgā bhāvithā bahulīkathā vijjā vimuttin paripūrenti.�c..

That means: �gĀnāpānasati , Bhikkhus, when practiced frequently bears much fruits and leads to much benefits. Ānāpānasati , Bhikkhus, when cultivated and pursued, brings the four Satipaṭṭhānas to their completion. The four Satipaṭṭhānas, when cultivated and pursued, bring the seven bojjangas to their completion. The seven bojjangas, when cultivated and pursued, bring vijjā (opposite of avijjā) and vimutti (or Nibbāna) to their completion�c.�h

Instead, ānapāna MEANS cultivating Satipaṭṭhāna, saptha bojjanga, etc., by �gtaking in morals�h and �gexpelling immorals�h as we discuss below.

 

1. Majjhima Nikaya‚ÌĀnāpānasati Sutta�iĀnāpānasatiSutta�AMN 118�j‚Í�A�Å�‰‚Ì�߂̒¼Œã‚ÉŽŸ‚̂悤‚ÉŽn‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

�u”ä‹u‚æ�AĀnāpānasati‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚邯�A•p”ɂɑ½‚­‚ÌŽÀ‚ðŒ‹‚Ñ�A‘½‚­‚̉¶Œb‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚è‚Ü‚·�B ”ä‹u‚æ�AĀnāpānasati‚Í�Aˆç‚݋ɂ߂Ă¢‚­‚Æ�A4‚‚ÌSatipaṭṭhānas‚ðŠ®�¬‚³‚¹‚Ü‚·�B 4‚‚ÌSatipaṭṭhānas‚Í�Aˆç‚݋ɂ߂Ă¢‚­‚Æ7‚‚Ìbojjangas‚ðŠ®�¬‚³‚¹‚Ü‚·�B7‚‚Ìbojjangas‚Í�Aˆç‚݋ɂ߂½Žž‚Évijjā�iavijjā‚Ì”½‹`Œê�j‚Ævimutti�i‚·‚Ȃ킿Nibbāna�j‚ðŠ®�¬‚³‚¹‚Ü‚·�B�v

 

‚³‚Ä�Aānapāna‚ª�u‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�ž‚ñ‚Å‘§‚ð“f‚­�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é�ê�‡�A4‚‚ÌSatipaṭṭhānas�A7‚‚Ìbojjangas�Aavijjā‚Ì�œ‹Ž�A‚¨‚æ‚уjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚Ì’B�¬‚ɂǂ̂悤‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‚̂łµ‚傤‚©�B’N‚©‚ª‚»‚ê‚ð‰Â”\‚¾‚Æ�^Œ•‚É�l‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·‚©�H

‘ã‚í‚è‚É�Aānapāna‚Í�AˆÈ‰º‚Å�à–¾‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�A�u“¹“¿‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�v�A�u•s“¹“¿‚ð’Ç‚¢•¥‚¤�v‚±‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�ASatipaṭṭhāna�Asaptha bojjanga‚Ȃǂðˆç�¬‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

2. Satipaṭṭhāna bhāvana is a more detailed version of the Ānāpānasati bhāvana. Thus it is important to learn the correct version of the Ānāpānasati. If one does Ānāpānasati correctly, it can be easily turned to Satipaṭṭhāna bhāvana.

2.Satipaṭṭhāna bhāvana‚Í�AĀnāpānasati bhāvana‚Ì‚æ‚è�Ú�ׂȃo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AĀnāpānasati ‚Ì�³‚µ‚¢ƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚ðŠw‚Ô‚±‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B Ānāpānasati‚ð�³‚µ‚­ŽÀ�s‚·‚ê‚Î�AŠÈ’P‚ÉSatipaṭṭhāna bhāvana‚ɕς¦‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

3. First let us figure out exactly what the Buddha meant by �gāna�h and �gāpāna�h in �gāna+āpāna+sati�h which rhymes as ānāpānasati; of course �gsati�h is mindfulness.

When cleaning the room, the child needs to get rid of the clutter (passa), but also can take in (assa) something like a flower vase to make the room look more pleasant, or to take in a chair that can be useful.

 

3.‚Ü‚¸�AŽß‘¸‚ª�uāna+āpāna+ sati�v‚Ì�uāna�v‚Æ�uāpāna�v‚É‚æ‚Á‚ĉ½‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚ð�³Šm‚É—�‰ð‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�usati�v‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚Å‚·�B

 

�uāna�v‚ÍŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚Å‚·�BƒVƒ“ƒnƒ‰Œê‚Å‚Í�A�uānayānaya�v‚Í�u—A“ü�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �uāpāna�v‚Í”jŠü‚Å‚·�BƒVƒ“ƒnƒ‰Œê‚Å‚Í�A�uapānayānaya�v‚Í�u—A�o�v‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uāna�v+�uāpāna�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�unapāna�v‚Í�uŽæ‚è�ž‚Ý/”jŠü�v‚·‚Ȃ킿ƒCƒ“ƒ|�[ƒg/ƒGƒNƒXƒ|�[ƒg‚Å‚·�B

�uAssa�v‚Í�uāna�v‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å�A�upassa�v‚Í�uāpāna�v‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å‚·�BƒXƒŠƒ‰ƒ“ƒJ‚Å‚Í�A�e‚ªŽq‹Ÿ‚É�ukāmaraya�i•”‰®�jassa passa�i‚·‚Ȃ킿aspas�jkar sayingganna�v‚ÆŒ¾‚Á‚ÄŽ©•ª‚Ì•”‰®‚ð‘|�œ‚·‚邿‚¤‚ÉŒ¾‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•”‰®‚ð‘|�œ‚·‚邯‚«�AŽq‹Ÿ‚ÍŽU‚ç‚©‚Á‚½•¨‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­�ipassa�j•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‰Ô•r‚̂悤‚È‚à‚Ì‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚Ä�iassa�j�A•”‰®‚ð‚æ‚è”ü‚µ‚­Œ©‚¹‚½‚è�A•Ö—˜‚Ȉ֎q‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ꂽ‚è‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�@

4. During the time of the Buddha itself, auxiliary suttā as well as commentaries (�gAtthakatha�g) were written to explain the key words/phrases in the main suttā that were abbreviated for easy transmission; see, �gPreservation of Dhamma�g. There are two important suttā, Assāsa sutta and the Parama Assāsa sutta that describe how one should �gtake in�h kusala thoughts and �gdiscard�h akusala thoughts; that is �gāna�h+�hāpāna�h (ānapāna) or �gassa/passa�h, for cleaning up (the mind).

For example, there are several conventional and deeper meanings to the key words �gatta�h and �ganatta�g, and one needs to be able figure out which meaning to use for a given case; see, �gAtta Hi Attano Natho�g, �gAnatta – the Opposite of Which Atta?�g, and links in those posts.

4.Žß‘¸‚ÌŽž‘ã‚É‚Í�AŠÈ’P‚É“`‚í‚邿‚¤‚É�È—ª‚³‚ꂽŽå—v‚È•§–@‚̃L�[ƒ��[ƒh/ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚ð�à–¾‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A•â�•“I‚Èsutta‚Æ’�Žß�i�uAtthakatha�v�j‚ª�‘‚©‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�BPreservation of Dhamma‚ð‚²——‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B 2‚‚Ì�d—v‚Èsutta‚ªAssāsa sutta‚ÆParama Assāsa sutta‚Å‚ ‚è�Akusala‚Ì�l‚¦‚ð�uŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�v�Aakusala‚Ì�l‚¦‚ð�u”jŠü�v‚·‚é•û–@‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚‚܂è�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðƒNƒŠ�[ƒ“ƒAƒbƒv‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�uāna�v+�u�gpāna�v�iānapāna�j‚·‚Ȃ킿�uassa / passa�v‚·‚é‚̂ł·�B

 

Mahasaccaka Sutta‚Å‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚ªSaccaka‚É�A‚Ü‚¾•ìŽF‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚Ì�^ŽÀ‚ð’T‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é� ‚ÉAlara Kalama ‚Æ Uddacaramaputt‚ÌŽwަ‚É�]‚Á‚Ä�uŒÄ‹záÒ‘z�v‚ð‚ǂ̂悤‚É�s‚Á‚½‚©‚ð�à–¾‚·‚邯‚«‚É�A�uŒÄ‹z‚̃Cƒ“‚ƃAƒEƒg�v‚ðŽ¦‚·‚½‚ß‚É�uassa/passa�v‚àŽg‚í‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚Ìsutta‚ÌŽŸ‚Ì�ß‚Í�A”Þ‚ª‚»‚ÌŽè–@‚ð‚ ‚«‚ç‚ß‚Ä�³‚µ‚¢“¹‚É�i‚ñ‚¾‚±‚Æ‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚Ì‚½‚ß�A�󋵂ɉž‚¶‚Ä�A“Á’è‚̃tƒŒ�[ƒY‚ª“K�؂ȃRƒ“ƒeƒLƒXƒg‚ÅŽg—p‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃɒ�ˆÓ‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A�uatta�v‚¨‚æ‚Ñ�uanatta�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒL�[ƒ��[ƒh‚É‚Í�A‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Ì�]—ˆ‚Ì‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ª‚ ‚è�A“Á’è‚̃P�[ƒX‚łǂ̈Ӗ¡‚ðŽg—p‚·‚é‚©‚ð—�‰ð‚Å‚«‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BAtta Hi Attano Natho�g, �gAnatta – the Opposite of Which Atta?‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

5. When one knows what kusala/akusala kamma are, the first thing to do is to prevent from doing akusala kamma and to make an effort to do kusala kamma by engaging in meritorious actions (puñña kriya); see, �gTen Immoral Actions (Dasa Akusala)�h, and �gPunna Kamma – Dāna, Sīla, Bhāvanā�h.

AND one cannot do a proper formal Ānāpānasati meditation and get to even samādhi, let alone a jhāna, unless one leads a moral life. The five hindrances are too strong to be suppressed; see, �gKey to Calming the Mind – Five Hindrances�h.

 

5. kusala / akusala kamma‚ª‰½‚Å‚ ‚é‚©‚ð’m‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A�Å�‰‚É�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚Í�Aakusala kamma‚ðŽÀ�s‚µ‚È‚¢‚悤‚É‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Æ�A‰¿’l‚ ‚é�s“®�ipuñña kriya�j‚É�]Ž–‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Äkusala kamma‚ðŽÀ�s‚·‚邽‚߂̓w—Í‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚Ƃł·�BTen Immoral Actions (Dasa Akusala)�h, and �gPunna Kamma – Dāna, Sīla, Bhāvanā‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�l‚ª“¹“¿“I‚È�l�¶‚ð‘—‚é‚Æ‚«�A�l‚ÍŽ©“®“I‚ÉĀnāpānasati‚ÌŠî–{“I‚ÈŒ`‚É�]Ž–‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚µ‚Ä�A�l‚Í“¹“¿“I‚È�¶Šˆ‚ð‘—‚ç‚È‚¢ŒÀ‚è�A“K�Ø‚È�³Ž®‚ÈĀnāpānasatiƒBáÒ‘z‚ð�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚¸�Ajhāna ‚Ç‚±‚ë‚©samādhi‚É‚³‚¦‚à“ž’B‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

5‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚Í‹­‚·‚¬‚Ä—}�§‚Å‚«‚È‚¢‚̂ł ‚ê‚ÎKey to Calming the Mind – Five Hindrances‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

6. Formal Ānāpānasati bhāvana can be done in a formal sitting or walking meditation session, while engaging in the basic version (taking in what is good/discarding what is bad) all the time.

When one gets to samādhi, the mind goes on �gauto pilot�h; you will feel that your mind is taking charge and you need to exert less effort to keep the focus.

 

6.�³Ž®‚ÈĀnāpānasati bhāvana‚Í�AŠî–{“I‚ȃo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“�i—Ç‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�Aˆ«‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ð”jŠü‚·‚é�j‚É�펞�]Ž–‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç�A�³Ž®‚É�À‚Á‚½‚è�A‚Ü‚½‚Í•à‚­áÒ‘z‚Å�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

Samatha bhāvanā‚ðŒÂ•Ê‚É�s‚¤•K—v‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�©‚È�ê�Š‚Å–Ú‚ð•‚¶‚Ä�³Ž®‚ÈĀnāpānasatiƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�s‚¤‚Æ�AŽ©“®“I‚Ésamādhi‚É“ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B—Ç‚¢�l‚¦‚ðˆç‚Ä�Aˆ«‚¢�l‚¦‚ðŽÌ‚Ă܂µ‚傤�B‚ƂĂàƒVƒ“ƒvƒ‹‚Å‚·�B

�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�s‚¤‚à‚¤1‚‚̂±‚Æ‚Í�Aanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚Ȃǂ̓Á’è‚ÌdhammaƒRƒ“ƒZƒvƒg ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�n�l‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·

‚±‚ê‚Í–{“–‚É�uāna�v‚É�Å“_‚𓖂ĂĂ¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

samādhi‚É“ž’B‚·‚邯�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Í�uŽ©“®‘€�c�v‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ɏ哱Œ ‚ª‚ ‚邿‚¤‚ÉŠ´‚¶�A�W’†—Í‚ðˆÛŽ�‚·‚邽‚߂ɂæ‚è�­‚È‚¢˜J—͂ł·‚݂܂·�B

 

1.      When one does the basic version while engaged in other activities, one is only being mindful of what one is engaged in, i.e., the task at hand. That task presumably does not involve any of the BIG EIGHT we discussed previously; see, �gThe Basics in Meditation�h. It could be a technical task or a daily chore like washing dishes or driving.  Be mindful of just the task (washing, driving, etc). Here one will NOT get into samādhi, so there is no danger in injuring oneself; Many people get into accidents while driving, because they are not being mindful of driving.

However, if one does not have a specific task (say, when riding a bus or waiting at the doctor�fs office), one could be engaged in Ānāpānasati bhāvanā. When our minds are not focused on something (like in the above mentioned cases), all sorts of ideas bubble up. As we discussed in  �gThe Basics in Meditation�h. These are due to deeply-ingrained habits or āsavā that we have acquired not only in this life but also from previous lives.

 

‘¼‚ÌŠˆ“®‚É�]Ž–‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«‚ÉŠî–{ƒo�[ƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚ðŽÀ�s‚·‚邯‚«�AŽ©•ª‚ª�]Ž–‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚Ì�A‚‚܂è–Ú‘O‚̃^ƒXƒN‚ɂ̂ݒ�ˆÓ‚𕥂¢‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚̃^ƒXƒN‚Í�AˆÈ‘O‚É‹c˜_‚µ‚½BIG EIGHT‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚à‚¨‚»‚ç‚­ŠÜ‚܂Ȃ¢‚Å‚µ‚傤�BThe Basics in Meditation‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚»‚ê‚Í‹Z�p“I‚ÈŽdŽ–‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚µ�AŽM�ô‚¢‚â‰^“]‚̂悤‚È–ˆ“ú‚ÌŽG—p‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽdŽ–�i�ô‘ó�A‰^“]‚È‚Ç�j‚¾‚¯‚É’�ˆÓ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚±‚±‚ł̓Tƒ}ƒfƒB‚É“ü‚ç‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚Å�A‰ö‰ä‚ð‚·‚éŠëŒ¯‚ð‚È‚­‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‰^“]’†‚ÉŽ–ŒÌ‚É‘˜‚¤�l‚ª‘½‚¢‚Ì‚Í�A‰^“]‚ð‚¿‚á‚ñ‚ƈӎ¯‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚½‚߂ł·�B

‚½‚¾‚µ�A“Á’è‚̃^ƒXƒN‚ª‚È‚¢�ê�‡�iƒoƒX‚É�æ‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«‚â�f—Ã�Š‚Å‘Ò‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«‚È‚Ç�j‚Í�A�uĀnāpānasati bhāvanā �v‚É�]Ž–‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª‰½‚©‚É�W’†‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�ê�‡�i�ã‹L‚Ì�ê�‡‚̂悤‚É�j�A‚ ‚ç‚ä‚éŽí—ނ̃AƒCƒfƒA‚ª•‚�サ‚Ü‚·�BThe Basics in Meditation‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‚±‚Ì�l�¶‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�A‘O�¢‚©‚ç‚à�g‚ɂ‚¯‚Ä‚«‚½�A�[‚­�ª•t‚¢‚½�Kе‚â�uāsavā�v‚É‚æ‚é‚à‚̂ł·�B

 

8. The more we keep reviving or re-living this habit (i.e., doing āna/apāna or assa/passa), we strengthen that good habit (gati).

We have come all this way in the cycle of rebirths that are mostly filled with suffering because of our bad habits (gati) that have been percolated to very dense state of deep-seated cravings (āsavas). It may take some time to develop this �gāna/pāna�h, but you will definitely see results in a few weeks to few months.

 

8.Ž„‚½‚¿‚ª‚±‚Ì�Kе‚𕜊ˆ‚Ü‚½‚Í•œŠˆ‚³‚¹‘±‚¯‚é�i‚‚܂èāna/apāna‚·‚Ȃ킿assa / passa‚ð�s‚¤�j‚Ù‚Ç�A‚»‚Ì—Ç‚¢�Kе�igati�j‚ð‹­‰»‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

Ž„‚½‚¿‚Í�A�ª�[‚¢Š‰–]�iāsavas �j‚ª”ñ�í‚É–§“x‚Ì”Z‚¢�ó‘Ô‚Å�Z“§‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鈫‚¢�Kе�igati�j‚Ì‚½‚ß‚É�A‹ê‚µ‚݂ł¢‚Á‚Ï‚¢‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä�u�Ä�¶‚̃TƒCƒNƒ‹�v‚É–ß‚Á‚Ä‚­‚邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚±‚Ì�uāna/pāna�v‚ðŠJ”­‚·‚é‚ɂ͎žŠÔ‚ª‚©‚©‚é�ê�‡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A�”�TŠÔ‚©‚ç�”‚©ŒŽ‚ÅŒ‹‰Ê‚ªŠmŽÀ‚É•\‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

 

9. In the ānapānapabba of the Satipaṭṭhāna sutta, it says, �g..sō satō vā assa sati, satō vā passa sati. Digham vā assasantō digham assasāmi ti pajānāti, digham vā passasantō digham passasāmi ti pajānāti, �c�c�h Here it DOES NOT mean �gtake long breaths in, expel long breaths out�h; rather it means, �gget rid of old bad habits, and cultivate the old good habits�h.

There is no way that one can purify one�fs mind by breathing in/out, even though it can get one�fs mind to calm down (samatha). The correct way of doing it does both samatha and vipassāna together.

 

9.Satipaṭṭhāna sutta‚Ìānapānapabba‚É‚Í�A�u..sō satō vā assa sati�Asatō v āpassa sati. Digham vā assasantō digham assasāmi ti pajānāti, digham vā passasantō digham passasāmi ti pajānāti�A�c�c�h‚Æ�‘‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�u’·‚¢‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�ž‚ñ‚Å�A’·‚¢‘§‚ð“f‚«�o‚·�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�uŒÃ‚¢ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«�AŒÃ‚¢—Ç‚¢�Kе‚ðˆç‚Ä‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

“¯—l‚É�AŽŸ‚Ì•¶�u..rassam vā assasantō�c�v‚Í�A’Z‚¢ŒÄ‹z‚ɂ‚¢‚Ăł͂Ȃ­�A�ŋߎæ‚è‘g‚ñ‚¾—Ç‚¢�Kе�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ�ŋ߃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É”E‚Ñ�ž‚ÝŽn‚ß‚½ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ɂ‚¢‚Ăł·�B�i‚à‚µ‚ ‚é‚̂ł ‚ê‚Î�j

�S‚ð—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚é�isamatha�j‚±‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚·‚ª�AŒÄ‹z‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚Æ‚Å�S‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚ê‚ð�s‚¤�³‚µ‚¢•û–@‚Í�Asamatha‚Ævipassāna‚Ì—¼•û‚ðˆê��‚ÉŽÀ�s‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

10. When we think a bit more about this, we realize that what needs to be discarded are micchā diṭṭhi (wrong views), micchā saṅkappa (wrong thoughts or ideas), micchā vācā (incorrect, harmful speech), micchā kammaṃta (incorrect/harmful actions), micchā ājiva (incorrect/harmful way of living), micchā vāyāma (tendency to strive on immoral activities), micchā sati (tendency to focus on immoral activities); when one does all that micchā samādhi (tendency to get absorbed in immoral ideas/actions) is the result.

Put it in another way, Ānāpānasati is nothing but �gtaking in�h the Noble Eightfold Path and �g�hdiscarding�h the opposite.

 

10.‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚à‚¤�­‚µ�l‚¦‚邯�A”jŠü‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Í�Amicchā diṭṭhi�iŠÔˆá‚Á‚½ƒrƒ…�[�j�Amicchā saṅkappa�iŠÔˆá‚Á‚½�l‚¦‚âƒAƒCƒfƒA�j�Amicchā vācā�i�³‚µ‚­‚È‚¢�A—LŠQ‚ȃXƒs�[ƒ`�j�Amicchā kammaṃta�i�³‚µ‚­‚È‚¢/—LŠQ‚È�s“®�j�Amicchā ājiva�i�³‚µ‚­‚È‚¢/—LŠQ‚È�¶‚«•û�j�Amicchā vāyāma�i•s“¹“¿‚ÈŠˆ“®‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚ÞŒXŒü�j�Amicchā sati�i•s“¹“¿‚ÈŠˆ“®‚É�W’†‚·‚éŒXŒü�j;‚»‚Ì‚·‚ׂĂªmicchā samādhi�i•s“¹“¿‚È�l‚¦‚â�s“®‚É–v“ª‚·‚éŒXŒü�j‚ð‚·‚é‚Æ‚«‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚Å‚·�B

 

“¯—l‚É�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª�uŽæ‚è�ž‚Þ�v•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Í�Asammā diṭṭhi�Asammā saṅkappa�Asammā vācā�Asammā kammaṃta�Asammā ājiva�Asammā vāyama�Asammā sati‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚𑱂¯‚邯�AŽ©“®“I‚Ésammā samādhi‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

•ʂ̌¾‚¢•û‚ð‚·‚ê‚Î�AĀnāpānasati‚Í”ª�³“¹‚ð�uŽæ‚è�ž‚ñ‚Å�v�A”½‘΂̂à‚Ì‚ð�uŽÌ‚Ä‚é�v‚±‚Ƃɑ¼‚È‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

11. The longer one �gtakes in�h or �glives�h the Noble Eightfold Path and �grejects�h the opposite, easier it becomes to get to samādhi in a formal meditation session. When samādhi grows little by little, one day one will automatically get into the first Ariya jhāna. However, there is one more thing that is needed before getting to the Ariya jhānā: an understanding of anicca, dukkha, ānatta. We will discuss why in a future post.

 

11.”ª�³“¹‚ð�uŽæ‚è“ü‚ê�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u�¶‚«�v�A‚»‚ê‚É”½‚·‚é‚à‚Ì‚ð�u‹‘�â�v‚·‚鎞ŠÔ‚ª’·‚¢‚Ù‚Ç�A�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Åsamādhi‚É‚½‚ǂ蒅‚«‚â‚·‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B samādhi‚ª�­‚µ‚¸‚Â�¬’·‚·‚邯�A‚ ‚é“úŽ©“®“I‚É�Å�‰‚ÌAriya jhāna‚É“ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚¾‚µ�AAriya jhānā‚É“ž’B‚·‚é‘O‚É•K—v‚È‚±‚Æ‚ª‚à‚¤1‚‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Banicca�Adukkha�Aānatta‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚Ì—�—R‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�A�¡Œã‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

�uānapāna�v‚ðˆê“ú’†‚Å‚«‚邾‚¯—û�K‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�BŽžŠÔ‚ªŒo‚‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�A�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�univana�v‚Ü‚½‚Í�uNibbāna‚Ì–¡�v‚ðŠ´‚¶‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

•§–@‚Í‹VŽ®‚É•t‚«�]‚¤‚à‚̂ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚ê‚Í‚·‚ׂă}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃł ‚è�A‚»‚ê‚ɂ͓w—Í‚Æ�W’†—Í‚ª•K—v‚Å‚·�B�Å�‰‚Í‚»‚ê‚͓‚¢‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�A�l‚ª�­‚µ‚¸‚Âsamādhi‚𓾂é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�A‚â‚é‹C‚ª�o‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚·�B�”‚©ŒŽ‚·‚ê‚Î�AŽ©•ª‚Ì�l�¶‚ð�U‚è•Ô‚Á‚Ä�A‚»‚ꂪ‚æ‚è—Ç‚¢•ûŒü‚ɕω»‚µ‚½‚±‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚è‚Ü‚·�B

•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ðŽÌ‚Ä�A“¹“¿‚ð—{‚¤‚·‚È‚í‚¿Žæ‚è“ü‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚©‚çŽn‚߂邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Åānāpānasati bhāvana ‚ðŽÀ�s‚·‚é‚É‚Í�usan�v�Aanicca�Aanatta‚Ì–{“–‚̈Ӗ¡‚ð’m‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�ii�j�usan�v‚·‚Ȃ킿‰˜‚ê‚ð”jŠü‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�@�@�@�@�@San‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

�iii�jŽO‘ŠTilakkhana‚Ì‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ð’m‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�BAnicca, Dukkha, Anatta‚ðŽQ�Æ

 

 

 

 

8. The Basic Formal Anāpānasati Meditation

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì�ãˆÊ10Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî‘b‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŽc‚è‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚éáÒ‘z‚̃e�[ƒ}‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB�[‚ðŠl“¾‚·‚邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Ì11Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚Í‚±‚Ì�‡�˜‚ŃtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

1. As we discussed in the previous posts of this series, it is important to live a moral life without engaging in the BIG EIGHT in order to achieve the full benefits of meditation. One could start even while making progress on the BIG EIGHT, and these formal sessions will help with those as well.

 

1.‚±‚̃VƒŠ�[ƒY‚̈ȑO‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�AáÒ‘z‚̃�ƒŠƒbƒg‚ð�Å‘åŒÀ‚ÉŠˆ—p‚·‚é‚É‚Í�ABIG EIGHT‚É�]Ž–‚¹‚¸‚É“¹“¿“I‚È�¶Šˆ‚𑗂邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B BIG EIGHT‚ðŽÀ‘H‚µ‚Ä�i•à‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éŠÔ‚É‚àŽn‚߂邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Í‚»‚ê‚ç‚É‚à–ð—§‚¿‚Ü‚·�B

 

2. Now let us talk about how to do the correct ānāpānasati meditation as taught by the Buddha; see, �g7. What is Ānāpāna?�g.

First pick out a quiet time slot that you can allocate without having to worry about other tasks. Initially, 10-15 minutes a day would be fine and you can extend the time to several hours when the benefits of proper meditation becomes clear and you start feeling the nirāmisa sukha.

 

2.‚±‚±‚Å�AŽß‘¸‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‹³‚¦‚ç‚ꂽ�³‚µ‚¢ānāpānasatiáÒ‘z‚ð�s‚¤•û–@‚ɂ‚¢‚Ęb‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B7. What is Ānāpāna?

�Å�‰‚É�A‘¼‚̃^ƒXƒN‚ð‹C‚É‚·‚邱‚Ƃ̂Ȃ¢�©‚ÈŽžŠÔ‘Ñ‚ð‘I‚т܂·�B�Å�‰‚Í�A1“ú10〜15•ª‚Å�\•ª‚Å‚·�B“K�Ø‚ÈáÒ‘z‚Ì—˜“_‚ª–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂè�Anirāmisa sukha‚ðŠ´‚¶‚邿‚¤‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�AŽžŠÔ‚ð�”ŽžŠÔ‚ɉ„’·‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

3. Pick out a room away from external disturbances as much as possible. A room that can be darkened and the door can be closed would be ideal. Sit in a comfortable chair with arm rest, and this becomes important when one start getting into samādhi, because the body could become less rigid and tends to slide off (however, some people including myself tend to �gfreeze�h just like in samādhi statues).

Anyway, do not make the chair too comfortable because you may fall asleep. With practice this sleepiness will automatically go away, when the mind starts liking the meditation sessions, i.e., when one of the pancanivarana, thina middha, is automatically removed. One comes out of samādhi energized.

 

3.ŠO‚Ì‘›‚ª‚µ‚³‚©‚ç‚Å‚«‚邾‚¯—£‚ê‚Ä•”‰®‚ð‘I‚т܂·�BˆÃ‚­‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«�AƒhƒA‚ð•‚¶‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é•”‰®‚ª—�‘z“I‚Å‚·�BƒA�[ƒ€ƒŒƒXƒg•t‚«‚̉õ“K‚Ȉ֎q‚É�À‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�Asamādhi‚É“ü‚邯‚«‚É�d—v‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B�g‘̂̂±‚í‚΂肪‚È‚­‚È‚è�AŠŠ‚éŒXŒü‚ª‚ ‚邽‚߂ł·�i‚½‚¾‚µ�AŽ„‚ðŠÜ‚ވꕔ‚Ì�l‚Í�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB‘œ‚̂悤‚É�u“€‚é�vŒXŒü‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�j

‚Ƃɂ©‚­�A–°‚è‚É—Ž‚¿‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Å�AˆÖŽq‚ð‚ ‚Ü‚è‰õ“K‚É‚µ‚È‚¢‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B—û�K‚ð‚·‚ê‚Î�A‚±‚Ì–°‹C‚ÍŽ©“®“I‚ɂȂ­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ªáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�D‚«‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�A‚‚܂è�Apancanivarana‚Ì1‚‚ł ‚éthina middha‚ªŽ©“®“I‚É�í�œ‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�BƒGƒlƒ‹ƒM�[‚Ì‚ ‚éƒTƒ}ƒfƒB‚©‚ç�o‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

4. Sit in the chair with the hands on the lap and eyes closed. What we will be trying to do is to ward off any thoughts of lust, cravings, etc. (kāmacchanda), any thoughts of hate (vyāpāda) in particular, and also any stray thoughts such as on kids or other pending tasks. We want to experience the �gcooling down�h due to the absence of kāmachanda and vyāpāda, and also to focus the mind on a Dhamma concept. For those who are starting out, it may be good to do the following first:

Thinking about the serenity of a Buddha statue helps in the case of both kāmacchanda and vyāpāda (and any stray thought).

 

4.•G‚ÉŽè‚ð“Y‚¦‚Ä–Ú‚ð•‚¶�AˆÖŽq‚É�À‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�A—~–]‚⊉–]‚ȂǂÌ�l‚¦�ikāmacchanda�j�A“Á‚É‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚Ì�l‚¦�ivyāpāda�j�A‚»‚µ‚ÄŽq‹Ÿ‚⑼‚ۗ̕¯’†‚̃^ƒXƒN‚ȂǂÌ�u‚³‚܂悤�l‚¦�v‚ð’Ç‚¢•¥‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�Bkāmachanda‚Ævyāpāda‚ª‚È‚­‚Ȃ邱‚Ƃɂæ‚é�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚µ�ADhamma‚ÌŠT”O‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�W’†‚³‚¹‚½‚¢‚ÆŽv‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚à‚¤Žn‚߂Ă¢‚é�l‚Í�A�Å�‰‚ÉŽŸ‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ð‚·‚é‚Ì‚ª—Ç‚¢‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�F

 

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª“¦‚°‚é‚Ì‚ð–h‚®‚½‚ß‚É�A�u‚·‚ׂĂÌ�¶‚«•¨‚ª�K‚¹‚ÅŒ’�N‚Å‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·‚悤‚É�v‚ƃ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É—¯‚ß‘±‚¯‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚Ü‚½‚Í�A�Å‹ß�s‚Á‚½Š°‘å‚È�sˆ×‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A“Ë‘R�A‚ ‚éŽí‚ÌŠ¯”\“I‚ÈŠì‚Ñ�i‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©‚ÌŠ´Šo‚É‚æ‚é�j‚Ì�l‚¦‚ɃhƒŠƒtƒg‚·‚é�ê�‡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BˆÓ�}“I‚É‚»‚Ì�l‚¦‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«�AŒ³‚̃^ƒXƒN‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�W’†‚³‚¹‚Ü‚·�B

�i’N‚©‚Ü‚½‚͉½‚©‚ÉŒü‚¯‚½�j‘žˆ«‚Ì�l‚¦‚ªŽv‚¢•‚‚©‚ñ‚¾�ê�‡‚Í�A‚»‚Ì�l‚¦‚à‹­�§“I‚É’âŽ~‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚Å‚Í�A‚»‚Ì�l‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä—Ç‚¢�l‚¦‚ðŒÌˆÓ‚É�l‚¦‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�B�Å‚à”Ú—ò‚È�l‚Å‚³‚¦�A‚»‚Ì�l‚ðˆ¤‚·‚é—F�l/‰Æ‘°‚ª‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ðŠo‚¦‚Ä‚¨‚­‚±‚Æ‚Í�d—v‚Å‚·�B�½ŽÀ‚É�uX‚Í�K‚¹‚ÅŒ’�N‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·‚悤‚É�v‚ÆŒ¾‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì�l‚ðŒy•Ì‚·‚é�³“–‚È—�—R‚ª‚ ‚邯‚µ‚Ä‚à�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÌŽdŽ–‚ÍŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚鑞‚µ‚݂̊´�î‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł ‚邱‚Æ‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B‚»‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A�«—ˆ�A’N‚©‚ªŽ„‚½‚¿‚É”½‘΂µ‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚ÉŒ©‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚à�A‹­‚¢‘žˆ«‚ÌŠ´�î‚ð•ø‚­‚±‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

•§‘œ‚Ì�¯‚³‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚Í�Akāmacchanda‚Ævyāpāda‚Ì—¼•û‚Ì�ê�‡�i‚»‚µ‚Ä‚³‚܂悤�l‚¦�j‚É–ð—§‚¿‚Ü‚·�B

 

5. Once one gets some practice to sit at one place with a focused mind for a little while, one should start meditating or contemplating on Dhamma concepts. It may be a good idea to start with the introductory posts (posts above this post). 

After that, one could read one of the posts from the �gKey Dhamma Concepts�h on the top menu just before the meditation session and then contemplate on those concepts; for example, one could think about examples on �ganicca�g: We cannot maintain anything to our satisfaction over long term. If you are old enough you have many examples on your own. If you are young, you can still maintain your body, hair, teeth, etc to your liking but when you get to middle age, you will see that it is an impossible task. The easiest is to think about your parents/grand parents and see how their bodies have changed, how they are unable to keep their bodies the way they would like.

 

5.‚·‚±‚µ‚ÌŠÔ‚Å‚¢‚¢‚Ì‚Å1‚‚̂±‚Æ‚É�W’†‚µ‚Ä�À‚é—û�K‚ð‚µ‚½‚ç�ADhamma‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄáÒ‘z‚Ü‚½‚Í�n�l‚ðŽn‚߂܂·�B

ƒCƒ“ƒgƒ�ƒ_ƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚̃e�[ƒ}‚©‚çŽn‚ß‚é‚̂͗ǂ¢�l‚¦‚Å‚·�B

‚»‚ÌŒã�AáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì’¼‘O‚Ƀgƒbƒvƒ�ƒjƒ…�[‚É‚ ‚é�uKey Dhamma Concepts�v‚Ì1‚‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�n�l‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A�uanicca�v‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í’·Šú‚ɂ킽‚Á‚ĉ½‚à–ž‘«‚Å‚«‚邿‚¤‚Ɉێ�‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚ ‚È‚½‚ª�\•ª‚É”N‚ðŽæ‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚È‚ç�A‚ ‚È‚½‚Í‚ ‚È‚½Ž©�g‚Å‘½‚­‚̗Ⴊ‚ ‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�BŽá‚¢�ê�‡‚Å‚à�A‘Ì�A”¯�AŽ•‚Ȃǂð�D‚«‚Ȃ悤‚Ɉێ�‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·‚ª�A’†”N‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�A‚»‚ê‚Í•s‰Â”\‚ÈŽ–‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚è‚Ü‚·�B�Å‚àŠÈ’P‚Ȃ̂Í�A‚ ‚È‚½‚Ì—¼�e/‘c•ƒ•ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦�A”Þ‚ç‚̑̂ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ɕω»‚µ‚½‚©�A”ނ炪”Þ‚ç‚Ì–]‚ނ悤‚ɔނç‚̑̂ð•ۂ‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚Ì‚ðŒ©‚é‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

You could actually read any post from any area of the site and use that as a �gfocal point�h on the meditation session later on. Not all sections are relevant to everyone. Different people can get to samādhi focusing on different topics. The only posts that is absolutely necessary are the ones on anicca, dukkha, anatta. But if they are hard to grasp, one should probably start at the �gMoral Living�h section. It is a matter of getting used to new concepts. In meditation, one will automatically �gdrift to samādhi�h when the concepts become clear; the mind becomes awake and clear.

 

‚±‚Ì‚½‚߂ɕ§–@‚ð’Ê‚µ‚Ä�¢ŠE‚ð‚ǂ̂悤‚ÉŒ©‚é‚©�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤�V‚µ‚¢ƒgƒsƒbƒN‚à’ljÁ‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B �uMyths about Meditation�v‚ÌŒã‚ɒljÁ‚µ‚½ƒgƒsƒbƒN‚Í�AáÒ‘z‚̃ZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì‘O‚ɓǂñ‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚̃AƒCƒfƒA‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�n�l‚·‚é‚̂ɓK‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�AA Simple Way to Enhance Merits (Kusala) and Avoid Demerits (Akusala)‚Ȃǂł·�B‚»‚̉º‚É‚ ‚鑼‚Ì3‚‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�Aˆê•”‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ª�­‚µ�㋉ŽÒŒü‚¯‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚à‚µ‚»‚¤‚È‚ç�AŽü•Ó‚Ì‘¼‚Ì“K�؂Ȃà‚Ì‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B�Å�I“I‚É‚Í�AKey Dhamma ConceptsƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚¸Moral Living and Fundamentals‚ð“ǂނ±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

ŽÀ�Û‚É‚Í�AƒTƒCƒg‚Ì”CˆÓ‚̗̈悩‚çƒgƒsƒbƒN‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å�A‚»‚ê‚ðáÒ‘z‚Ì�u�Å“_�v‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŽg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·

‚·‚ׂẴZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ª‚·‚ׂĂÌ�l‚É“K‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚킯‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

Ž©•ª‚É‚ ‚Á‚½ƒgƒsƒbƒN‚ŃTƒ}�[ƒfƒB�[‚ÉŽŠ‚è‚Ü‚·�B�â‘΂ɕK—v‚Ȃ̂Íanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚¾‚¯‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é‚Ì‚ª“‚¢�ê�‡‚Í�A‚¨‚»‚ç‚­Moral Living and Fundamentals‚©‚çŽn‚ß‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚µ‚傤�B�V‚µ‚¢ŠT”O‚ɂ͊µ‚ê‚é‚Ì‚ª‚¢‚¢‚Å‚·�BáÒ‘z‚Å‚Í�AŠT”O‚ª–¾‚ç‚©‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�AŽ©“®“I‚É�uƒTƒ}ƒfƒB‚ɃhƒŠƒtƒg�v‚µ‚Ü‚·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª–ÚŠo‚߂˾Šm‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

6. Inevitably, your mind will try to wander off during the session. Stopping lustful and hateful thoughts is the main task of this formal meditation session. If any distracting thought comes to the mind, DO NOT let it �grun wild�h; this is what is called �gbeing mindful�h. Keep a sharp eye on such stray thoughts and put a stop soon as they surface.

Once one gets the mind to calm down some, one could start focusing on the good/bad habits that one has, in addition to �gtaking in�h Dhamma concepts.

 

6.•K‘R“I‚É�A‚ ‚È‚½‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚̓ZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“’†‚ɂӂç‚ӂ炵‚悤‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŽå‚ȃ^ƒXƒN‚Í�AæÃ—~‚Å‘žˆ«‚Ì�l‚¦‚ð‚â‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B‹C‚ªŽU‚邿‚¤‚È�l‚¦‚ª“ª‚É•‚‚©‚ñ‚¾�ê�‡‚Í�A‚»‚ꂪ�u‹ì‚¯‰ñ‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ð‚³‚¹‚È‚¢‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚±‚ꂪ‚¢‚í‚ä‚é�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX�v‚Å‚·�B‚»‚̂悤‚È�u‚³‚܂悤�l‚¦�v‚ɉs‚¢–Ú‚ðŒü‚¯�A‚»‚ꂪ•‚�サ‚Ä‚«‚½‚ç‚·‚®‚É‚»‚ê‚ðŽ~‚߂Ă­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

‘¼‚Ì3‚‚Ì�áŠQ�ithina midha�Auddhacca kukkucca�Avicikicca�j‚ÍŽ©“®“I‚Ƀ_ƒEƒ“‚µ‚Ü‚·�B �u—Ç‚¢áÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“�v‚ÌŒã‚Í�A‘u‰õ‚ÉŠ´‚¶‚邱‚ƂɋÁ‚­‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

�Å�‰‚͓‚¢‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�ABIG EIGHT‚Ì�󋵂ɂæ‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A1�TŠÔ‚©‚ç1‚©ŒŽˆÈ“à‚ÉŒ‹‰Ê‚ðŠm”F‚Å‚«‚é‚Í‚¸‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚à�™�X‚ÉŒ¸�­‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�S‚ð—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚é�S‚ð‚‚©‚ñ‚¾‚ç�Aƒ_ƒ“ƒ}‚̃Rƒ“ƒZƒvƒg‚ð�uŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚é�v‚±‚ƂɉÁ‚¦‚Ä�AŽ©•ª‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‘Pˆ«‚Ì�Kе‚É�Å“_‚𓖂Ă邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

7. In the Anapānapabba of the Satipaṭṭhāna sutta, it says, �g..sō satō vā assa sati, satō vā passa sati. Digham vā assasantō digham assasāmi ti pajānāti, digham vā passasantō digham passasāmi ti pajānāti, �c�c�h Here it DOES NOT mean �gtake long breaths in, expel long breaths out�h; rather it means, �gget rid of old bad habits, and cultivate the old good habits�h.

In the above verse, sati is a very important term; it is not mere concentration, but contemplation with an understanding of anicca, dukkha, anatta (actually any form of meditation cannot be done effectively without at least some understanding of anicca, dukkha, anatta).

 

7.Satipaṭṭhāna sutta‚ÌAnapānapabba‚Å‚Í�A�u..sōsatōvāassa sati�Asatōvāpassa sati�B Dighamvāassasantōdighamassasāmitipajānāti�Adighamvāpassasantōdighampassasāmitipajānāti�A�c�c�h

‚Æ‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚±‚±‚Å‚Í�A�u’·‚¢‘§‚ð‹z‚¢�ž‚ñ‚Å�A’·‚¢‘§‚ð“f‚«�o‚·�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�uŒÃ‚¢ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«�AŒÃ‚¢—Ç‚¢�Kе‚ðˆç‚Ä‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

“¯—l‚É�AŽŸ‚Ì•¶�u..rassamvāassasantō�c�v‚Í’Z‚¢‘§‚ɂ‚¢‚Ăł͂Ȃ­�A�ŋߎæ‚è‘g‚ÝŽn‚ß‚½—Ç‚¢�Kе�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ�Å‹ß�S‚É”E‚Ñ�ž‚ÝŽn‚ß‚½ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ɂ‚¢‚Ăł·�B

‚±‚Ì‚½‚ß�A�Kе‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ÉŒ`�¬‚³‚ê�A�uāsavā�v‚ɂȂ邩‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ÌŒ�‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚­‚‚©‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�S‚ð—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚邱‚Æ�isamatha�j‚͂ł«‚Ü‚·‚ª�AŒÄ‹z‚Å�S‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚ê‚ð�³‚µ‚¢�s‚¤‚É‚Í�Asamatha‚Ævipassana‚Ì—¼•û‚ðˆê��‚ÉŽÀ�s‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�ã‹L‚Ì�߂łÍ�Asati‚Í”ñ�í‚É�d—v‚È—pŒê‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Í’P‚È‚é�W’†‚ł͂Ȃ­�Aanicca, dukkha, anatta‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚½�n�l‚Å‚·�iŽÀ�Û�AƒAƒjƒbƒJ�AƒhƒDƒbƒJ�AƒAƒiƒbƒ^‚ð�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‚ ‚é’ö“x—�‰ð‚µ‚È‚¢‚Æ�A‚¢‚©‚È‚éŒ`‚ÌáÒ‘z‚àŒø‰Ê“I‚É�s‚¤‚±‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�j

 

8. The key to success is to do this as often as possible. You do not need to be in a quiet place either, even though it helps especially initially. As you make progress, try to do it while riding the subway or a bus (but not while driving!), while waiting at the doctor�fs office, during a lunch break, etc.

 

8.�¬Œ÷‚ÌŒ®‚Í�A‚Å‚«‚邾‚¯•p”É‚É�s‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B“Á‚É�Å�‰‚Í�©‚È�ê�Ђɂ¢‚邱‚Ƃ͖𗧂¿‚Ü‚·‚ª�A�i•à‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�A’n‰º“S‚âƒoƒX‚É�æ‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«�i‰^“]’†‚ł͂Ȃ­�I�j�A�f—Ã�Š‚Å‘Ò‹@‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚«�A’‹‹x‚Ý’†‚È‚Ç‚É‚àŽŽ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

9. When one starts on Ariya Bhāvanā, sometimes things may look worse before getting better. It is like trying to cool a hot iron by sprinkling water on it, when all that smoke comes out and may appear to be getting worse. But one needs to be persistent. One needs to keep in mind that uncountable beings have attained �gcooling down�h by having faith in the Buddha.

Understanding key Dhamma concepts is key to any type of meditation. Whenever you have time, try to read on different topics. Things will start �gfalling into place�h at some point, if it hasn�ft yet. From that point on, one will start feeling the joy of Dhamma, and will be seeking to clarify things with enthusiasm. It is a good addiction to have!

 

9. AriyaBhāvanā‚ðŽn‚߂邯�A�󋵂ª—Ç‚­‚È‚é‘O‚Ɉ«‰»‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Í”M‚¢“S‚É�…‚ð‚©‚¯‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä‚ð—â‹p‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚·‚邿‚¤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B‰Œ‚ª�o‚Ä‚«‚Ĉ«‰»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚ÉŒ©‚¦‚Ü‚·‚ª�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A�h•ø‹­‚³‚ª•K—v‚Å‚·�B–³�”‚Ì‘¶�Ý‚ª•§‚ð�M‚¶‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚½‚±‚Æ‚ð�S‚É—¯‚߂è‚­•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

ƒ_ƒ“ƒ}‚ÌŽå—v‚ÈŠT”O‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í�A‚ ‚ç‚ä‚éƒ^ƒCƒv‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŒ®‚ƂȂè‚Ü‚·�BŽžŠÔ‚ª‚ ‚邯‚«‚Í‚¢‚‚łà�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȃgƒsƒbƒN‚ɂ‚¢‚ēǂñ‚ł݂Ă­‚¾‚³‚¢�B•¨Ž–‚Í‚ ‚鎞“_‚Å�u“K�Ђɗނ¿‚é�v‚悤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ÌŽž‚©‚ç�Aƒ_ƒ“ƒ}‚ÌŠì‚Ñ‚ðŠ´‚¶Žn‚ß�A”MˆÓ‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä•¨Ž–‚ð‰ð–¾‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚·‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚ê‚Í—Ç‚¢’†“łł·�I

 

 

9. Key to Ānapānasati – How to Change Habits and Character (Gati)

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects. They can clarify unresolved questions, and lead to samādhi. But one must contemplate on them.

Meditation is all about purifying one�fs mind. We all have individualized cravings and habits that we have acquired in our past lives that continue during this life unless we act to change or stop them. We need to cultivate good habits and stop bad ones. The only way to do this is to be mindful of our actions and stop bad actions as they start as thoughts in our minds. Most bad thoughts arise due to bad habits; they just �gpop up�h.

Introduction to Character or Personality (Gati)

A Broad View of the �gPerson�h Trying to be a �gBetter Person�h

How Character (Gati) Leads to Bhava and Jāti

How Habits are Formed and Broken – A Scientific View

 

 

9.Ānapānasati‚Ö‚ÌŒ®–�Kе‚Æ�«Ši‚ð•Ï‚¦‚é•û–@�iGati�j

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì�ãˆÊ10Œ�‚Ì“Š�e‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî‘b‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B ‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŽc‚è‚Ì“Š�e‚Í�A‰Â”\‚ÈáÒ‘z‚ÌŽå‘è‚ɂ‚¢‚Ăł·�B ”Þ‚ç‚Í–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB‚É“±‚­‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B ‚µ‚©‚µ�A”Þ‚ç‚Í�n�l‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃè‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

áÒ‘z‚Æ‚Í�A�S‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B Ž„‚½‚¿‚ÍŠF�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‰ß‹Ž‚Ì�l�¶‚Å�g‚É•t‚¯‚½Š‰–]‚Æ�Kе‚ðŒÂ•ʉ»‚µ‚Ä‚¨‚è�A‚»‚ê‚ð•Ï‚¦‚½‚èŽ~‚ß‚½‚肵‚È‚¢ŒÀ‚è�A‚±‚Ì�l�¶‚ÌŠÔ‘±‚«‚Ü‚·�B —Ç‚¢�Kе‚ð�g‚ɂ‚¯�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ð‚â‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B ‚±‚ê‚ð�s‚¤—Bˆê‚Ì•û–@‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�s“®‚É’�ˆÓ‚𕥂¢�Aˆ«‚¢�s“®‚ªŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�S‚Ì’†‚ÌŽv�l‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŽn‚܂邯‚«‚ÉŽ~‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B ‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚ǂ̈«‚¢�l‚¦‚͈«‚¢�Kе‚ªŒ´ˆö‚Å”­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚·�B ‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í‚½‚¾�uƒ|ƒbƒvƒAƒbƒv�v‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

ƒLƒƒƒ‰ƒNƒ^�[‚âƒp�[ƒ\ƒiƒŠƒeƒB‚Ì�Љî�iGati�j

 

�u‚æ‚è—Ç‚¢�l�v‚ɂȂ낤‚Æ‚·‚é�u�l�v‚Ì�L‚¢Ž‹–ì

 

ƒLƒƒƒ‰ƒNƒ^�[�iƒKƒeƒB�j‚ªƒoƒo‚ƃWƒ…ƒeƒB‚É“±‚­•û–@

 

�Kе‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ÉŒ`�¬‚³‚ê�A‰ó‚ê‚é‚©–‰ÈŠw“IŒ©‰ð

 

 

 

 

 

Possible Effects in Meditation – Kundalini Awakening

June 25, 2016; updated July 19, 2016

In the post, �gCan Buddhist Meditation be Dangerous?�h in the Section �gMyths or Realities�g, I discussed some possible effects of meditation, both in conventional and in true Buddhist meditations. Here I will focus on just Buddhist meditation, and explain the physical and mental changes that one may experience. However, this does not mean everyone will experience these; these symptoms cannot be generalized, and some may not even feel them.

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1. It is possible that one may encounter some soothing physical sensations first and then even some discomforts, when one starts seriously cleansing one�fs mind. I did not want to discuss this topic until I had enough background material to explain the origins of such effects.

Before reading this post, it is advisable to first read the introductory post, �gCan Buddhist Meditation be Dangerous?�g,  because some body sensations encountered in early stages of meditation are discussed in that post.

 

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‚±‚̂悤‚ÈŒø‰Ê‚Í�A–{•¨‚Ì•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚Å‚à‘ÌŒ±‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ÌŒã�A”Þ‚ç‚Í‚»‚ꂪ—Ç‚­‚È‚é‘O‚É�­‚µ‹ê’ɂɂȂ邩‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚̂悤‚È’iŠK‚ðŒo‚Ä–{•¨‚Ì�¯‚³‚𓾂é‚É‚Í�Aanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚Ä‚©‚ç�A‚³‚ç‚É�i‚Þ•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ð“ǂޑO‚É�A�Å�‰‚Ì�Љî‹LŽ–Can Buddhist Meditation be Dangerous?‚ð“ǂނ±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�BáÒ‘z‚Ì�‰Šú’iŠK‚Å‘˜‹ö‚·‚é�g‘̂̊´Šo‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�A‚»‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚߂ł·�B

 

2. Fully understanding the current post requires some background material on the concept of gandhabba; Click to hear pronunciation:

 . The inert physical body is made alive by the gandhabba (or �gmanomaya kaya�g) that comes out of the physical body in the case of �gout-of-body experiences�h; see, �gManomaya Kaya and Out-of-Body Experience (OBE)�g.

While it is not necessary to learn about the gandhabba to attain Nibbāna, if one needs to understand the mechanisms underlying these �gmeditation experiences�h, it is the bridge between mind and the physical body. In any case, it is good to know about these possible effects (more of which are discussed below), so that if one gets to experience them, one would not be perplexed.

 

2.Œ»�݂̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ðŠ®‘S‚É—�‰ð‚·‚é‚É‚Í�Agandhabba‚ÌŠT”O‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é”wŒiŽ‘—¿‚ª•K—v‚Å‚·�BƒNƒŠƒbƒN‚µ‚Ä”­‰¹‚ð•·‚­�F

•sŠˆ�«‚È�g‘Ì‚Í�A�u—H‘Ì—£’E�v‚Ì�ê�‡‚É�g‘Ì‚©‚ç�o‚Ä‚­‚égandhabba (‚·‚Ȃ킿 �gmanomaya kaya�j‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä�¶‚«�¶‚«‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚·�BManomaya Kaya and Out-of-Body Experience (OBE)‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚±‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚Í�Agandhabba‚Ì‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȑ¤–Ê‚ð�à–¾‚·‚鑽‚­‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BGandhabba (Manomaya Kaya)�g, �gThe Grand Unified Theory of Dhamma�g,  �gUdayavaya Ñāna

‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

ƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚Égandhabba‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŠw‚Ô•K—v‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì�uáÒ‘z‘ÌŒ±�v‚Ì�ª’ê‚É‚ ‚éƒ�ƒJƒjƒYƒ€‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚ê‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Æ“÷‘̂̊Ԃ̉˂¯‹´‚Å‚·�B‚¢‚¸‚ê‚É‚¹‚æ�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚é‰e‹¿�i�Ú�ׂ͈ȉº‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�j‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä’m‚Á‚Ä‚¨‚­‚Ƃ悢‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚Ì‚½‚ß�AŽÀ�ۂɑ̌±‚µ‚Ä‚à�¢˜f‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

3. The gandhabba has a very fine body which is really an invisible blueprint of the physical body. And that fine body is the one that controls the heavy physical body according to the commands from the mind, which is also located in the gandhabba (at the hadaya vatthu).

For example, most of the energy to move the heavy body parts comes from the food that we eat. gandhabba just sends the �gcontrol signals�h.

 

3. gandhabba‚ɂ͔ñ�í‚É”÷�׃{ƒfƒB‚ª‚ ‚è�AŽÀ�ۂɂ͓÷‘̂̌©‚¦‚È‚¢�ÂŽÊ�^‚Å‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚Ì”÷�ׂȑ̂ª

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚ç‚Ì–½—ß‚É�]‚Á‚Ä�d‚¢“÷‘Ì‚ð�§Œä‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚àgandhabba�ihadaya vatthu‚É‚ ‚é�j‚Ì’†‚É‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚ðŽ‹Šo‰»‚·‚é�ŗǂ̕û–@‚Í�Agandhabba‚ð“÷‘Ì‚É�d‚È‚é�ׂ©‚¢ƒ�ƒbƒVƒ…‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‘z‘œ‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚Ì”÷�ׂȑ̂Í�A�g‘̂̂·‚ׂĂ̕”•ª‚ðŽ�‚¿�AˆÚ“®‚µ‚½‚¢•”•ª‚ðˆÚ“®‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�Agandhabba‚ª”÷�ׂȘr‚ð“®‚©‚·‚Æ�A•¨—�“I‚Șr‚àˆê��‚É“®‚«‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚ªŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�g‘Ì‚ðƒRƒ“ƒgƒ��[ƒ‹‚·‚é•û–@‚Å‚·�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A’‡‰îŽÒ‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‹@”\‚·‚é”]‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Ì�Ú�ׂÈ�à–¾‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BBrain – Interface between Mind and Body‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A�d‚¢‘̂̕”•ª‚ð“®‚©‚·‚½‚߂̃Gƒlƒ‹ƒM�[‚̂قƂñ‚Ç‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�H‚ו¨‚É—R—ˆ‚µ‚Ü‚·�B gandhabba‚Í�u�§Œä�M�†�v‚ð‘—�M‚·‚邾‚¯‚Å‚·�B

 

4. The nervous system of the physical body overlaps the fine nervous system of the gandhabba, and tries to maintain that overlap all the time. If one sits down cross-legged, for example, the nervous system of the physical body may shift from that of the gandhabba. Then the physical nervous system will try to adjust for that shift, pulling the attached muscles with it.

Therefore, this effect does not give an indication of a progress in the meditation program. Significant effects are discussed below.

 

4.“÷‘Ì‚Ì�_ŒoŒn‚Ígandhabba‚Ì”÷�ׂÈ�_ŒoŒn‚Æ�d‚È‚è�A�í‚É‚»‚Ì�d‚È‚è‚ðˆÛŽ�‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A‘«‚ð‘g‚ñ‚Å�À‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邯�Agandhabba‚Ì�_ŒoŒn‚©‚ç“÷‘Ì‚Ì�_ŒoŒn‚ɃVƒtƒg‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŽŸ‚É�A•¨—�“I‚È�_ŒoŒn‚ª‚»‚̃Vƒtƒg‚É“K‰ž‚µ‚悤‚Æ‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚É”º‚Á‚ÄŽÀ�Û‚Ì‘«‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚鋨“÷‚ðˆø‚Á’£‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚»‚Ì‚½‚ß�A“Á‚É‚ ‚®‚ç‚ð‚©‚¢‚Ä�À‚é‚̂Ɋµ‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ă͕s‰õ‚ɂȂé‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�iе‚ê‚邯�A•¨—�“I‚ȃVƒXƒeƒ€‚Í‚·‚΂₭’²�®‚·‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�j�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚ÍáÒ‘zƒvƒ�ƒOƒ‰ƒ€‚Ì�i’»�ó‹µ‚ðŽ¦‚·‚à‚̂ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�d—v‚ȉe‹¿‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�AˆÈ‰º‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

5. Our thoughts (i.e., the cittaja kaya) can influence the fine body (utuja kaya) of the gandhabba. In fact, the utuja kaya arises out of suddhashtaka produced by the cittaja kaya and the kammaja kaya.

The first effect can bring about aches and pains in the physical body due to kamma vipāka (by shifting the gandhabba�es body to out-of- balance in a short time, so we can feel the shift). These are mostly experienced as we get old (e.g., chronic back pains) and are of course not due to meditation. Some of these may get better with meditation.

 

5.Ž„‚½‚¿‚Ì�l‚¦�i‚‚܂è�Acittaja kaya�j‚Í�Agandhabba‚Ì”÷�ׂȑÌ�iutuja kaya�j‚ɉe‹¿‚ð—^‚¦‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽ–ŽÀ�Autuja kaya‚Í�Acittaja kaya‚Ækammaja kaya‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä�¶�¬‚³‚ꂽsuddhashtaka‚©‚ç�¶‚Ü‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Agandhabba‚Ì”÷�׃{ƒfƒB‚Í�A2‚‚̕û–@‚ʼne‹¿‚ðŽó‚¯‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Fkammaja kaya�i‚‚܂è�Akamma vipāka�j‚Æcittaja kaya�A‚·‚È‚í‚¿Ž„‚½‚¿‚Ì�l‚¦•û‚É�]‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

�Å�‰‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚Í�Akamma vipāka‚É‚æ‚é“÷‘Ì‚Ì’É‚Ý‚ðˆø‚«‹N‚±‚µ‚Ü‚·�igandhabba‚̑̂ðƒoƒ‰ƒ“ƒX‚ÌŽæ‚ê‚È‚¢�ó‘Ô‚É’ZŽžŠÔ‚ɃVƒtƒg‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�AƒVƒtƒg‚ÌŽ–ŽÀ‚ðŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�j�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª”N‚ðŽæ‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚ÄŽå‚ÉŒoŒ±‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�i‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A–��«“I‚È”w’†‚Ì’É‚Ý�j�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�AáÒ‘z‚ªŒ´ˆö‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‚¢‚­‚‚©‚ÍáÒ‘z‚Å—Ç‚­‚Ȃ邩‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

6. In addition to the shifts caused by kamma vipāka, we can change the equilibrium position of the gandhabba�es fine nervous system with consistent thoughts over long periods of time. For example, if we think hateful thoughts a lot, the nervous system of the gandhabba may twist in a certain way; if we think mostly greedy thoughts, it may shift in a different way.

This is why this effect is much less in young children. Their nerves have not yet being shifted too much.

 

6. kammavipāka‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ĉø‚«‹N‚±‚³‚ê‚éƒVƒtƒg‚ɉÁ‚¦‚Ä�A’·ŠúŠÔ‚ɂ킽‚éˆêŠÑ‚µ‚½Žv�l‚ðŽ�‚‚±‚Æ‚Ågandhabba‚Ì�¸�I‚È�_ŒoƒVƒXƒeƒ€‚Ì•½�tˆÊ’u‚ª‚¸‚ê‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A‘ž‚µ‚݂ɖž‚¿‚½�l‚¦‚ð‚æ‚­‚·‚邯�Agandhabba‚Ì�_ŒoŒn‚Í“Á’è‚ÌŽd•û‚ɂ˂¶‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽå‚ÈæÃ—~‚È�l‚¦‚ð‚·‚é‚Æ�A•ʂ̂˂¶‚ê‚ɃVƒtƒg‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

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‚±‚ꂪ�A‚±‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚ª—cŽ™‚ł͂邩‚É�­‚È‚¢—�—R‚Å‚·�B”Þ‚ç‚Ì�_Œo‚͂܂¾‚ ‚Ü‚èƒVƒtƒg‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

7. Thus the second effect has its origins in our thoughts. Normally such effects occur above the waist, along the spine, neck, and in the head. This is related to the fact nerve bundles propagate through the spine and also there are cranial nerves in the brain. Thus Kundalini awakening is an example of this category.

That is why they say that the kundalini energy is �guncoiled�h (or �gawakened�h) during meditation. But this is nothing more than the out-of-balance nervous systems coming back to the equilibrium position. In anariya meditations there is not much further cleansing possible, because in order to proceed further, one needs to comprehend the anicca nature of this world.

 

7.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A2”Ô–Ú‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚ÍŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÌŽv�l‚É‚»‚Ì‹NŒ¹‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B’Ê�í�A‚±‚̂悤‚ȉe‹¿‚Í�A�˜‚Ì�ã�A”w�œ�AŽñ�A“ª‚É”­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�_Œo‘©‚ª�Ò’Å‚ð‰î‚µ‚Ä“`”d‚µ�A”]‚ɂ͔]�_Œo‚ª‚ ‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AƒNƒ“ƒ_ƒŠ�[ƒj‚Ì–ÚŠo‚߂͂±‚̃JƒeƒSƒŠ�[‚Ì—á‚Å‚·�B

 

‚±‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚Í�AáÒ‘zŽÒ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‘½�­ˆÙ‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�AŽå—v‚È“Á’¥‚Í�A�˜‚Ì�ã•û‚É”­�¶‚·‚é�uˆ³—Í”g�v‚Å‚ ‚è�A’Ê�í‚Í�Ò’Å�AŽñ�A�A�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ“ª‚ÌŽü‚è‚É‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í�AƒNƒ“ƒ_ƒŠ�[ƒj‚Ì–ÚŠo‚߂ɂ¨‚¯‚éƒGƒlƒ‹ƒM�[ƒZƒ“ƒ^�[‚Ü‚½‚Í�uƒ`ƒƒƒNƒ‰�v‚É‹Nˆö‚·‚邯‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�BKundalini‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚»‚ꂪáÒ‘z’†‚ɃNƒ“ƒ_ƒŠ�[ƒj‚̃Gƒlƒ‹ƒM�[‚ª�u‰ð‚¯‚½�v�i‚Ü‚½‚Í�u–ÚŠo‚ß‚½�v�j‚ÆŒ¾‚¤—�—R‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚±‚ê‚̓oƒ‰ƒ“ƒX‚ª•ö‚ꂽ�_ŒoŒn‚ª•½�t�ó‘Ԃɖ߂邱‚Ƃɉ߂¬‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BanariyaáÒ‘z‚Å‚Í�A‚³‚ç‚È‚é�ò‰»‚Í‚»‚ê‚قlj”\‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�æ‚Ö�i‚Þ‚½‚߂ɂ͂±‚Ì�¢‚Ìanicca‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邽‚߂ł·�B

 

8. In Buddhist or Ariya meditations, one should start contemplating on the anicca nature when one starts any type of body sensations.  Any type of body sensations means the mind is beginning to affect the body, and that one has made progress in the cleansing process. Of course those Hindu yogis who got to this stage had prevented from immoral acts and suppressed such thoughts, and thus had gained a tranquility of mind at least temporarily.

But if one does not cleanse one�fs mind in a permanent way, with the comprehension of the true nature of this world (anicca, dukkha, anatta), such corrections are temporary and can go right back to the twisted positions. Thus such effects can be re-experienced in varying degrees.

 

8.•§‹³‚âAriya‚ÌáÒ‘z‚Å‚Í�A�l‚ª‰½‚ç‚©‚̃^ƒCƒv‚Ì�g‘ÌŠ´Šo‚ðŽn‚߂邯‚«�A�l‚Íanicca‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�n�l‚µŽn‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚Ç‚ñ‚ȃ^ƒCƒv‚̑̂̊´Šo‚à�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª‘̂ɉe‹¿‚ð—^‚¦Žn‚߂Ă¢‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ�AƒNƒŒƒ“ƒWƒ“ƒOƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ª�i•à‚µ‚½‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚±‚Ì’iŠK‚É’B‚µ‚½ƒqƒ“ƒhƒD�[‹³‚̃ˆƒM‚Í�A•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ð–h‚¬�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�l‚¦‚ð—}�§‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½‚Ì‚Å�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚àˆêŽž“I‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì�¯‚³‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì�^‚Ì�«Ž¿�ianicca�Adukkha�Aanatta�j‚ð—�‰ð‚µ�A‰i‘±“I‚È•û–@‚Ń}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚µ‚È‚¢�ê�‡�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�C�³‚͈ꎞ“I‚È‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A‚Ë‚¶‚ꂽˆÊ’u‚É–ß‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚»‚̂悤‚ÈŒø‰Ê‚ª‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂Ȓö“x‚Å�đ̌±‚³‚ê‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

 

9. When one starts comprehending the anicca nature, this �gunwinding process�h can accelerate (and the body sensations too), and this is when one may even start feeling significant discomfort or even mild pain.

If the body is really �gout-of-alignment�h, the realignment process can lead to different types sensations; some may be mild, but some could be even a bit painful.

 

9.anicca‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ð—�‰ð‚µŽn‚߂邯�A‚±‚Ì�u‚Ù‚®‚ê‚éƒvƒ�ƒZƒX�v‚ª‰Á‘¬‚µ�i‚»‚µ‚đ̂̊´Šo‚à�j�A‚±‚ê‚Í‚©‚È‚è‚Ì•s‰õŠ´‚âŒy‚¢’ɂ݂³‚¦Š´‚¶Žn‚ß‚é�ê�‡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

�g‘Ì‚ª–{“–‚É�u‚¸‚ê�v‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A�Ä’²�®ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚Í‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȃ^ƒCƒv‚ÌŠ´Šo‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŒy“x‚Ì�l‚à‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�A�­‚µ’É‚¢�l‚à‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

10. Many people experience sweating, which is definitely part of the �gcleansing process�h. Our defiled thoughts lead to the generation of �gimpurities�h in various body sites. The pure citta generated in meditation can burn them and the body will get rid of the waste via sweat too. Thus sweating is also possible during a good meditation session (in the early stages of progress; of course all these go away eventually).

For example, a famous story in the Tipiṭaka describes how Ven. Chullapanthaka had created thousand copies of himself with abhiññā powers and how they were all sweeping the temple premises.

 

10.‘½‚­‚Ì�l‚ª”­Š¾‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚±‚ê‚͊ԈႢ‚È‚­�uƒNƒŒƒ“ƒWƒ“ƒOƒvƒ�ƒZƒX�v‚̈ꕔ‚Å‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚̉˜‚³‚ꂽ�l‚¦‚Í�A‚³‚Ü‚´‚Ü‚È�g‘̂̕”ˆÊ‚É�u•s�ƒ•¨�v‚ð�¶‚Ý�o‚·‚±‚Ƃɂ‚Ȃª‚è‚Ü‚·�BáÒ‘z‚Å�¶�¬‚³‚ꂽ�ƒ�ˆ‚Ècitta‚Í‚»‚ê‚ç‚ð”R�Ä‚³‚¹‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«�A‘Ì‚àŠ¾‚ð‰î‚µ‚ĘV”p•¨‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A—Ç‚¢áÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“’†‚É”­Š¾‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B�i�i�s‚Ì�‰Šú’iŠK‚Å‚ ‚Á‚Ä�A‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚·‚ׂĂÍ�Å�I“I‚É‚Í�Á‚¦‚Ü‚·�j�B

 

•ʂ̊֘A‚·‚é�Ç�ó‚Í�A—Ç‚¢ƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“’†‚ɂ̂ǂªŠ‰‚¢‚Ä‚­‚邱‚Ƃł·�BŒû‚ªŠ£‚­‚±‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì�ê�‡‚Í�AƒRƒbƒv1”t‚Ì�…‚ð‹ß‚­‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä‚¨‚­‚Ƃ悢‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

‚¿‚Ȃ݂É�Ajhāna ‚̂Ƃ«‚Å‚à“®‚«‰ñ‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚·�BŽÀ�Û�Ajhāna‚ðˆç‚Þ‚Æ�A–Ú‚ðŠJ‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚Ä‚àŽ×–‚‚³‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚È‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�Babhiññā‚Ì—Í‚ðŽ�‚Â�l‚Í�Aabhiññā‚Ì—Í‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç’Ê�í‚Ì�ì‹Æ‚ð�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚邯Œ¾‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�AŽÀ�Û‚ÉŠm”F‚Å‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�ATipiṭaka‚Ì—L–¼‚È•¨Œê‚Í�A‚Ì—lŽq‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�BChullapanthaka‘¸ŽÒ‚Í�Aabhiññā‚̗͂Ŏ©•ªŽ©�g‚̃Rƒs�[‚ð�”�ç‘Ì‚à�ì�¬‚µ�A‚¢‚©‚ÉŽ›‰@‚Ì•~’n‚ðˆê�Ăɑ|�œ‚·‚é‚©‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

 

11. Here is another experience that I have heard people described according to my teacher Thero�fs recorded desanas:

When these �gpressure waves�h are strong, it may be a bit painful too. But be rest assured that those effects will gradually go away as one continues when the nervous system comes back to equilibrium. However, if such sensations persist outside the mediation session it may be a good idea to go for a medical examination, since it could be due to a medical condition.

 

11.‚±‚ê‚Í�A˜^‰¹‚³‚ꂽThero�æ�¶‚̃fƒTƒi‚É‚æ‚é�A‚ ‚é�l‚ª�à–¾‚µ‚½•ʂ̌oŒ±‚Å‚·�B

�u‰½‚©‚ªŽñ‚Ì•”•ª‚©‚瓪‚̂ĂÁ‚Ø‚ñ‚܂œ`‚í‚è�AƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŠÔ‚»‚±‚É—¯‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚±‚ê‚Í‚»‚ÌŒã‚̃ZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚à‹N‚±‚è‚Ü‚µ‚½�B�v‚±‚̂悤‚È�u“`”d�v‚Í�A‚¨‚»‚ç‚­�uˆ³—Í”g�v‚ÉŽ—‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚͕ʂÌ�uƒNƒ“ƒ_ƒŠ�[ƒjƒ^ƒCƒv�v‚ÌŒø‰Ê‚Å‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì�uˆ³—Í”g�v‚ª‹­‚¢‚Æ‚«�A‚»‚ê‚à�­‚µ’É‚¢‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A�_ŒoŒn‚ª•½�t�ó‘Ô‚É–ß‚é‚Æ�A1‚‚ªŒp‘±‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä‚±‚ê‚ç‚̉e‹¿‚ª�™�X‚É�Á‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚­‚Ì‚Å�AˆÀ�S‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚½‚¾‚µ�A‚±‚̂悤‚ÈŠ´Šo‚ªƒ�ƒfƒBƒG�[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“ƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“ˆÈŠO‚Å‚àŽ�‘±‚·‚é�ê�‡‚Í�AŒ’�N�ó‘Ô‚ªŒ´ˆö‚Å‚ ‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚邽‚ß�A�fŽ@‚É�s‚­‚±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

12. There is actually a way to reduce these sensations to some extent. This was suggested by my teacher Thero in a desana that I listened to. Even if one meditates with the eyes closed (as most people should do in early stages), the eye balls inside eyelids are in constant motion; they move around a lot.

By the way, I have not been able to make it past the third jhāna for the past year and a half or so, even though I have been making progress (jhānā have three levels: weak, medium, and strong). Getting to the fourth Ariya jhāna means one has reached the Anāgāmi stage, where one loses desire for all sense pleasures  (i.e, transcend kāma loka).

 

12.ŽÀ�Û�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌŠ´Šo‚ð‚ ‚é’ö“xŒyŒ¸‚·‚é•û–@‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ÍŽ„‚ª•·‚¢‚½ƒfƒTƒi‚ÅŽ„‚Ì�æ�¶‚̃Zƒ�‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä’ñˆÄ‚³‚ꂽ‚à‚̂ł·�B–Ú‚ð•‚¶‚ÄáÒ‘z‚µ‚Ä‚à�i‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚Ì�l‚Í�‰Šú‚Ì’iŠK‚Å�s‚¤‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�j�A‚܂Ԃ½‚Ì“à‘¤‚ÌŠá‹…‚Í�í‚É“®‚«‚Ü‚·�B”Þ‚ç‚Í‚½‚­‚³‚ñ“®‚«‰ñ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

–Ú‚ð•@‚Ì•”•ª‚É�W’†‚·‚邿‚¤‚É‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚±‚ê‚͈êŽí‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì’†‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚»‚ÌŒã�AŠá‹…‚Í•@‚ÉŒü‚©‚Á‚Ĉê’è‚Ì•ûŒü‚ðŒü‚«‘±‚¯‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚Ì�ê�‡�A‚»‚ê‚Í“ª‚Ì’†‚łقƂñ‚ǂ̊´Šo‚ðŽ~‚߂܂µ‚½�BŒ‹‹Ç‚̂Ƃ±‚ë�A‚¢‚Á‚½‚ñ�u‹Ï�t�v‚É’B‚·‚邯�A‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌŠ´Šo‚͂Ȃ­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽŸ‚É�A–Ú‚ðŠJ‚¢‚½‚Ü‚Ü‚Å‚à‘±�s‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·‚ª�A•@/Œû‚̗̈æ‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�W’†‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

Œ»�Ý�A�A‚Ì•”•ª‚Å”­�¶‚µ‚½�uˆ³—Í”g�v‚͂Ȃ­�A�ŋ߂ł͓ª‚̗̈æ‚Å‚à”­�¶‚µ‚È‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚̉e‹¿‚Ì‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Í�A‰ß‹Ž1”N”¼‚ÌŠÔ‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

‚¿‚Ȃ݂É�AŽ„‚Í�i•à‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚É‚à‚©‚©‚í‚炸�A‰ß‹Ž1”N”¼‚ÌŠÔ�A3”Ô–Ú‚Ìjh jna‚ð’´‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚Å‚µ‚½�ijhānā‚É‚Í�AŽã�A’†�A‹­‚Ì3‚‚̃Œƒxƒ‹‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�j�B 4”Ô–Ú‚ÌAriyajhāna‚É“ž’B‚·‚邯�AAnāgāmi ƒXƒe�[ƒW‚É“ž’B‚µ‚½‚±‚ƂɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃Xƒe�[ƒW‚Å‚Í�A‚·‚ׂĂ̊´Šo“IŠì‚тւ̗~‹�‚ðŽ¸‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�i‚‚܂è�Akāma loka‚ð’´‰z‚µ‚½�j

 

13. Our thoughts or our �gcittaja kaya�h is the most important of the four types of �gkaya�h that we have. For a discussion of those four types of bodies, see, �gĀhāra (Food) in Udayavaya Ñāna�g, in the Section: Udayavaya Nana.

And it is this cittaja kaya (or basically our thought stream) that is the most important. If we use the cittaja kaya wisely we can make progress in our mundane lives as well as in pursuing Nibbāna. We will discuss this in detail in the last post in on the Udayavaya Ñāna in an upcoming post.

 

13.Ž„‚½‚¿‚Ì�l‚¦‚·‚Ȃ킿�ucittaja kaya�v‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é4Ží—Þ‚Ì�ukaya�v‚Ì’†‚Å�Å‚à�d—v‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì4Ží—ނ̈â‘Ì‚Ì�à–¾‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í

Udayavaya Nana‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌĀhāra (Food) in Udayavaya Ñāna‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

‚»‚±‚Å‹c˜_‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚É�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª”ñ�í‚É‘å�؂ɂµ‚Ä‚¢‚é“÷‘Ì�ikaraja kaya�j‚Í–ñ100”NŠÔ‚µ‚©‘¶�Ý‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�A�lŠÔ‚Ìbhava‚·‚Ȃ킿�lŠÔ‚Ì‘¶�݂͂¨‚»‚ç‚­�”•S”N‚à‘±‚­‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚ékaya‚Ì‘¼‚Ì3‚‚̃^ƒCƒv‚̃{ƒfƒB‚Í�Akammaja kaya, cittaja kaya�Autuja kaya‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç3‚‚·‚ׂĂª�lŠÔ‚Ìbhava‘S‘Ì‚É�L‚ª‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�i‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í�í‚ɕω»‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�j�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í�Acuti-patisandhi‚Ì�uŠÔ‚É�V‚µ‚¢bhava‚ð‚‚©‚Þ‚Æ�A�u‘å‚«‚ȈÚ�s�v‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚µ‚Ä�A�Å‚à�d—v‚Ȃ̂͂±‚Ìcittaja kaya�i‚·‚Ȃ킿Šî–{“I‚ÉŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÌŽv�l‚Ì—¬‚ê�j‚Å‚·�Bcittaja kaya‚ð�ãŽè‚É—˜—p‚·‚ê‚Î�A•½–}‚È�¶Šˆ‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�Aƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚ð’Ç‚¢‹�‚߂邱‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�AUdayavaya Ñāna‚Ì�ÅŒã‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

14. The key point here is that if one starts feeling these body sensations, one has cleansed the mind to the point of being able to comprehend anicca, dukkha, anatta (or any other Dhamma concept) with more ease; see, �gBuddha Dhamma – In a Chart�g, and the post discussed there.

 

14.‚±‚±‚Å�d—v‚Ȃ̂Í�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚̑̂̊´Šo‚ðŠ´‚¶Žn‚߂邯�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚ß�Aanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta�i‚Ü‚½‚Í‘¼‚ÌDhamma‚ÌŠT”O�j‚ð‚æ‚èŠÈ’P‚É—�‰ð‚Å‚«‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂ邱‚Ƃł·�BBuddha Dhamma – In a Chart‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

‚±‚Ì’iŠK�i�A‚ÌŠ‰‚«�A”­Š¾�A‘̂̊´Šo‚È‚Ç�j‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚Í�AáÒ‘zƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Ì9. Key to Ānāpānasati – How to Change Habits and Character (Gati)‚É‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚·‚Å‚Éanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ä�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�Ç�ó‚̂Ȃ¢Sotāpanna‚Ì’iŠK‚É“ž’B‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‰Â”\�«‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Bˆê�lˆê�l‚ªŽ©•ª‚Ì‚½‚߂ɂ»‚ê‚ðŒˆ’è‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BHow Does One Know whether the Sotāpanna Stage is Reached?‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�BŠî–{“I‚ȃKƒCƒh‚Í�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�uapäyagami gati�v‚ð�í�œ‚µ‚½‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚Å‚·�B“÷‘Ì‚Í�A‘O�q‚̎肪‚©‚è‚ð—^‚¦‚é�ê�‡‚Æ—^‚¦‚È‚¢�ê�‡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

magga phala‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�Ajhānā‚Í•K—v‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚³‚ç‚É�AAriyajhānā‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚ÉSotāpannaƒXƒe�[ƒW‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚È‚¢‚Æ’B�¬‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

11. Magga Phala and Ariya Jhanas via Cultivation of Saptha Bojjhaṅga

ƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹�i‚¨‚æ‚ÑŠÖ˜A‚·‚é�g‘Ì“I�j‚ÌŒ»�Û‚Í”ñ�í‚ÉŒÂ�l“I‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�ã‹L‚Ì�Ç�ó‚Í“Á’è‚Ì�l‚ªŒoŒ±‚·‚邱‚Æ‚à‚ ‚ê‚Î�AŒoŒ±‚µ‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

 

 

Satipaṭṭhāna – Introduction

Revised January 26, 2019

You may want to read the post: �gSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure�g, which explains the basic layout of this long sutta. You can read it before or after reading this post.

1. First we need to figure out what �gsati�h means.  Bear with me as I use some key Pāli words, because it is important to understand them correctly. Things will become clear as we proceed below. Again, first try to read the post through without clicking on links, and then come back and read any relevant other posts as needed.

There is no �gasati�h cetasika. Therefore, the word �gasati�h is NEVER used as the opposite this �gsati�g, which is a �ggood cetasika�h.

 

’·‚¢sutta‚ÌŠî–{“I‚ȃŒƒCƒAƒEƒg‚ð�à–¾‚·‚é�uSatipaṭṭhānaSutta –�\‘¢�v‚Ì‹LŽ–‚ð“ǂނ±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ð“ǂޑO‚Å‚àŒã‚Å‚à“ǂނ±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

1.‚Ü‚¸�A�usati�v‚̈Ӗ¡‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Bƒp�[ƒŠ‚ÌŽå—v‚È’PŒê‚ðŽg—p‚·‚邯‚«‚Í�A‰ä–�‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B�³‚µ‚­—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�BˆÈ‰º‚É�i‚ނɂ‚ê‚Ä�A�󋵂ª–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�BŒJ‚è•Ô‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚Ü‚¸ƒŠƒ“ƒN‚ðƒNƒŠƒbƒN‚¹‚¸‚ɃgƒsƒbƒN‚ð“Ç‚Ý�AŽŸ‚É•K—v‚ɉž‚¶‚ÄŠÖ˜A‚·‚鑼‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚É–ß‚Á‚ēǂ݂܂·�B

 

sati‚Í�u—Ç‚¢�vƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹—vˆö‚Å‚·�isōbhana cetasika�j�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�usati�v‚Í“¹“¿“IŽv�l�ikusala citta�j‚ł̂ݔ­�¶‚µ�Aakusala citta‚ł͔­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BCetasika (Mental Factors)‚Å�q‚ׂ½‚悤‚É�Aakusala citta‚Å‚Í�u—Ç‚¢cetasika�v‚Í”­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�i“¯—l‚É�Akusala citta‚Å‚Í�uˆ«‚¢cetasika�v‚Í”­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�j�B

�uasati�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤cetasika‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uasati�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤’PŒê‚Í�A‚±‚Ì�usati�v‚Ì”½‹`Œê‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŽg—p‚³‚ê‚邱‚Ƃ͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚Í�u—Ç‚¢cetasika�v‚Å‚·�B

 

2. However, there is another �gmundane�h meaning for �gsati�g,   which is �gattention�h or �gmindfulness�h. Therefore, one must be able to figure out which meaning is to be used in a given context (depending on the subject matter).

Of course, in Satipaṭṭhāna, one is being mindful, but one MUST also know the deeper meaning too, in order to figure out what to be mindful about.

 

2.‚µ‚©‚µ�Asati‚ɂ͕ʂÌ�¢‘­“IˆÓ–¡‚ª‚ ‚è�A�u’�ˆÓ�v‚Ü‚½‚Í�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX�v‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŽg‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�iŽå‘è‚ɉž‚¶‚Ä�j“Á’è‚̃Rƒ“ƒeƒLƒXƒg‚łǂ̈Ӗ¡‚ÅŽg—p‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

–Ú‚Ì‘O‚̉ۑè‚É’�ˆÓ‚𕥂Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�ê�‡‚Í�AŽ©•ª‚ª‰½‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©�A‰½‚ð�l‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚ðˆÓޝ‚·‚邱‚ƂȂ­�A�uasati�v‚Å�s“®‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚̂悤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A�usati�v‚Ì2‚‚̈قȂéˆÓ–¡‚𖾊m‚ÉŒ©‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�ASatipaṭṭhāna‚Å‚Í�A‚¾‚ê‚à‚ª‹C‚ð‚‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‰½‚ð‹C‚É‚·‚ׂ«‚©‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚à’m‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

3. We can clarify the mundane meaning with the following examples: A suicide bomber has to pay close attention in wiring up the bomb; otherwise, he can detonate it accidentally.  A professional thief making plans for a grand robbery in minute detail needs to pay total attention to it too, in order to make sure he does not get caught.

More details on this �gsati�h can be found in the post: �gImasmim Sati Idam Hoti – What Does It Really Mean?�g.

 

3.ŽŸ‚Ì—á‚ð‚Ý‚Ä�A�¢‘­“I‚ȈӖ¡‚𖾊m‚É‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŽ©”š”Æ‚Í”š’e‚Ì”z�ü‚É�×�S‚Ì’�ˆÓ‚𕥂í‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃè‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚¤‚łȂ¯‚ê‚Î�A”Þ‚Í‚»‚ê‚ðŒë‚Á‚Ĕ𔭂³‚¹‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‘å‹K–͂ȋ­“�‚ð�Ú�ׂɌv‰æ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éƒvƒ�‚Ì“D–_‚à�A”Þ‚ª•߂܂邱‚Æ‚ª‚È‚¢‚悤‚É�A�\•ª‚É’�ˆÓ‚𕥂¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�usati�v‚Ì‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚͂ǂ¿‚ç‚Ì�ê�‡‚É‚àŠÖŒW‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽ©”šƒeƒ�”Æ‚â“D–_‚É‚Í�Aƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹—v‘f‚Å‚ ‚é�u–ž‘«�v‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

‚±‚Ì�usati�v‚Ì�Ú�ׂɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�AImasmim Sati Idam Hoti – What Does It Really Mean?‚ð‚²——‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

4. When a person stops and contemplates whether an action one is about to take has moral or immoral consequences, and carries out only those actions that have moral consequences, then that person is acting with �gsati�h, the �ggood mental factor�h.

Now let us see what is meant by patthāna in Satipaṭṭhāna.

 

4.‚±‚ê‚©‚ç�s‚¤�s“®‚ª“¹“¿“I‚Ü‚½‚Í•s“¹“¿‚ÈŒ‹‰Ê‚ð‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚ð—§‚¿Ž~‚Ü‚Á‚ÄŒŸ“¢‚µ�A“¹“¿“IŒ‹‰Ê‚ð‚à‚½‚ç‚·�s“®‚݂̂ðŽÀ�s‚·‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚Ì�l‚Í�u—Ç‚¢ƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹—vˆö�v‚Å‚ ‚é�usati�v‚Å�s“®‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚»‚ê‚ÍSatipaṭṭhāna‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚é�l‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒZƒbƒg‚É‚¨‚¯‚é�usati�v‚Å‚·�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A”ނ̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É•‚‚©‚Ô‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢•s“¹“¿‚È�l‚¦‚É’�ˆÓ‚𕥂¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�ASatipaṭṭhāna‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚é�l‚Í�A—¼•û‚̃^ƒCƒv‚Ì�usati�v‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚±‚Å�AƒTƒeƒBƒpƒnƒi‚̃pƒ^�[ƒi‚̈Ӗ¡‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B

 

5. Patthāna can mean establishment, prepare, or �gto mold�h. Therefore, �gSatipaṭṭhāna�h means establishment of �gsati�h, or train the mind to act with �gsati�h as described above.

The meaning of �ganupassanā�h is described in point #4 of �gWhat do all these Different Meditation Techniques Mean?�h in the Meditation section.

 

5.Patthāna‚Í�A�Ý—§�A�€”õ�A‚Ü‚½‚Í�uŒ`�¬‚·‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uSatipaṭṭhāna�v‚Í�usati�v‚ðŠm—§‚·‚邱‚Æ�A‚Ü‚½‚Í�ã‹L‚̂悤‚É�usati�v‚Å�s“®‚·‚邿‚¤‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðŒP—û‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚±‚̃gƒŒ�[ƒjƒ“ƒOƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚Í4‚‚̃Xƒeƒbƒv‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì‚½‚ß�usatara�v‚Æ‚Í4‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é‚Ì‚Å�usatara Satipaṭṭhāna�v‚Æ‚àŒÄ‚΂ê‚Ü‚·�B 4‚‚̃Xƒeƒbƒv‚Í‘ŠŒÝ‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�AƒV�[ƒPƒ“ƒX‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B 4‚‚̃Xƒeƒbƒv‚Í�Akāyānupassanā�Avedanānupassanā�Acittānupassanā�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñdhammānupassanā‚Å‚·�B

�uanupassanā�v‚̈Ӗ¡‚ÍáÒ‘zƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌWhat do all these Different Meditation Techniques Mean?‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

6. Buddha Dhamma is all about cleansing the mind; that is the key to real and lasting tranquility of the mind. A defiled mind generates defiled thoughts (citta). Defiled thoughts lead to defiled speech (with a time lag) and defiled actions (with even longer time lag).

The sequence of cleansing the mind is backwards: First control bodily actions, then (or simultaneously) to control speech, and controlling thoughts (as they arise) is harder. This is important to understand, so let us look into the reasons.

 

6.•§–@‚Ƃ͂·‚ׂă}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚ꂪƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì–{“–‚Ì‚»‚µ‚Ä�ÃŽâ‚ÌŒ®‚Å‚·�B‰˜‚ꂽƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚͉˜‚ꂽŽv�l‚ð�¶‚Ý�o‚µ‚Ü‚·�icitta�j�B‰˜‚ꂽŽv�l‚Í�A‰˜‚ꂽƒXƒs�[ƒ`�iƒ^ƒCƒ€ƒ‰ƒO‚Ì‚ ‚é�j‚Ɖ˜‚ꂽƒAƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“�i‚³‚ç‚É’·‚¢ƒ^ƒCƒ€ƒ‰ƒO‚Ì‚ ‚é�j‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚é�‡�˜‚͉˜‚ê‚½Žž‚Ì‹t‚Å‚·�B�Å�‰‚É�g‘̂̓®�ì‚ð�§Œä‚µ�AŽŸ‚É�i‚Ü‚½‚Í“¯Žž‚É�jƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚ð�§Œä‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŽv�l‚ð�i”­�¶‚µ‚½‚Æ‚«‚É�j�§Œä‚·‚é‚Ì‚Í�¢“ï‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Ȃ̂Å�A—�—R‚𒲂ׂĂ݂܂µ‚傤�B

 

7. As discussed in the Abhidhamma section, thoughts (citta) arise very fast; there are well over billions of cittā per second; but of course we �gexperience�h only �gbundles of citta�h accumulating for at least about 0.05 seconds. Even then it is not possible to control thoughts by sheer will power.

But our thoughts are dictated by our character and habits (�ggati�h). And, these character qualities (gati) can be changed with concerted effort by controlling one�fs speech and actions. We have discussed �ggati�h in many posts spread over different sections.

 

7. AbhidhammaƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�AŽv�l�icitta�j‚Í”ñ�í‚É‘¬‚­”­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚·�B 1•b‚ ‚½‚è�”�\‰­‚ð’´‚¦‚écitta‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A�uŒoŒ±�v‚·‚é‚Ì‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à–ñ0.05•bŠÔ‚Å’~�Ï‚·‚é�ucitta‚Ì‘©�v‚¾‚¯‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Å‚à�AŠ®‘S‚Ȉӎu—͂Ŏv�l‚ð�§Œä‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͕s‰Â”\‚Å‚·�B

 

‚µ‚©‚µ�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�l‚¦‚ÍŽ„‚½‚¿‚Ì�«Ši‚Æ�Kе�i�uƒKƒeƒB�v�j‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄŒˆ’肳‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì�«Ši‚ÌŽ¿�igati�j‚Í�AƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚ƃAƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�§Œä‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚è�A‹¦’²‚µ‚Ä•Ï�X‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȃZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ɂ܂½‚ª‚鑽‚­‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�ugati�v‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

8. This is why kāyānupassanā comes first in Satipaṭṭhāna. We first discipline ourselves by making sure we speak only moral words, and do only moral actions. Both speech and actions arise from thoughts, but they come with a �gtime lag�h. We first think that �gthis person has done something bad to me�h, and then we start saying something bad to the person. But there is enough of a �etime lag�h to stop saying it.

We tend to take �gbodily actions�h with even longer delay than for speech. So, unless one is in a rage, there is enough time to catch oneself and stop any bad actions. Actually, when we get good at it, and control both speech and actions, such instances of acting with rage will diminish with time, and will go away. This is because the more we act with �gsati�h, the more that we give up bad �ggati�h and cultivate good �ggati�h. S

 

8.‚±‚ꂪkāyānupassanā‚ªSatipaṭṭhāna‚Å�Å�‰‚É—ˆ‚é—�—R‚Å‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚͂܂¸�A“¹“¿“I‚ÈŒ¾—t‚¾‚¯‚ð˜b‚µ�A“¹“¿“I‚È�s“®‚¾‚¯‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚ƂŎ©•ªŽ©�g‚ðŒP—û‚µ‚Ü‚·�BƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚àƒAƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚àŽv�l‚©‚ç�¶‚¶‚Ü‚·‚ª�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚É‚Í�uƒ^ƒCƒ€ƒ‰ƒO�v‚ª”º‚¢‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚͂܂¸�u‚±‚Ì�l‚ÍŽ„‚ɉ½‚©ˆ«‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ð‚µ‚½�v‚Æ�l‚¦�AŽŸ‚É‚»‚Ì�l‚Ɉ«‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ðŒ¾‚¢Žn‚߂܂·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚ðŒ¾‚¤‚Ì‚ð‚â‚ß‚é‚Ì‚É�\•ª‚È�uƒ^ƒCƒ€ƒ‰ƒO�v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

Ž„‚½‚¿‚Í�AƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚æ‚è‚à‚³‚ç‚É’·‚¢’x‚ê‚Å�u�g‘Ì“I�s“®�v‚ð‚Æ‚éŒXŒü‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚¾‚©‚ç�A�l‚ª“{‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢ŒÀ‚è�AŽ©•ª‚ð•߂܂¦‚Ĉ«‚¢�s“®‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é‚Ì‚É�\•ª‚ÈŽžŠÔ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽÀ�Û�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª�ãŽè‚ɂȂê‚Î�A—¼•û‚̃Xƒs�[ƒ`‚Æ�s“®‚ð�§Œä‚·‚邯�A“{‚è‚ð‚à‚Á‚Ä�s“®‚·‚é‚»‚̂悤‚È—á‚Í�AŽžŠÔ‚ƂƂà‚ÉŒ¸�­‚µ�A�Á‚¦‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�usati�v‚Å�s“®‚·‚ê‚΂·‚é‚Ù‚Ç�Aˆ«‚¢�ugati�v‚ð‚â‚ß‚Ä�A—Ç‚¢�ugati�v‚ðˆç‚Ă邩‚ç‚Å‚·�B

 

9. Thus kāyānupassanā basically means �gcatching ourselves before we say or do something wrong�h.

We say or do things in response to what we see, hear, smell, taste, touch, or think. The speech or actions have time delays from the time we get the �ginput�h from outside or even if generated by the mind itself. Even if we start saying something bad, we can catch ourselves and stop (and apologize if we hurt someone�fs feelings). Even if get up to hit someone, we can realize the bad consequences of such an action and immediately stop. That is how one starts.

 

9.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Akāyānupassanā‚Í�AŠî–{“I‚É�u‰½‚©‚ðŒ¾‚¤‘O‚É�A‚Ü‚½‚͉½‚©ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚±‚Æ‚ð‚·‚é‘O‚ÉŽ©•ªŽ©�g‚ð•߂܂¦‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

•ʂ̌¾‚¢•û‚ð‚·‚ê‚Î�Akāyānupassanā ‚Å’B�¬‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Í�A�í‚ɃXƒs�[ƒ`‚Æ�s“®‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚±‚ê‚ÅSatipaṭṭhāna‚ª‚È‚º�u�³Ž®‚È�À‚èáÒ‘z�v‚ÉŒÀ’肳‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚Ì‚©‚Í–¾‚ç‚©‚Å‚·�B

Ž„‚½‚¿‚Í�AŒ©‚½‚è•·‚¢‚½‚è�A“õ‚¢‚ðšk‚¢‚¾‚è�A–¡‚í‚Á‚½‚è�A�G‚Á‚½‚è�A�l‚¦‚½‚肵‚½‚±‚Ƃɉž‚¶‚Ä�A•¨Ž–‚ðŒ¾‚Á‚½‚è�A‚â‚Á‚½‚肵‚Ü‚·�BƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚Ü‚½‚̓AƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚É‚Í�AŠO•”‚©‚ç�u“ü—Í�v‚ðŽó‚¯Žæ‚Á‚Ä‚©‚ç�A‚Ü‚½‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒhŽ©‘̂ɂæ‚Á‚Ä�¶�¬‚³‚ꂽ�ê�‡‚Å‚à�AŽžŠÔ‚Ì’x‰„‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‰½‚©ˆ«‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ðŒ¾‚¢Žn‚߂Ăà�AŽ©•ª‚ð•߂܂¦‚ÄŽ~‚ß‚é�i‚»‚µ‚Ä�A’N‚©‚Ì‹CŽ�‚¿‚ð��‚‚¯‚½‚çŽÓ�ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�j‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B—§‚¿�オ‚Á‚Ä’N‚©‚ð‰£‚Á‚½‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚à�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í‚»‚̂悤‚È�s“®‚̈«‚¢Œ‹‰Ê‚ð”Fޝ‚µ�A‚·‚®‚ÉŽ~‚߂邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ꂪŽn‚Ü‚è‚Å‚·�B

 

10. With practice, one�fs gati will change, and such awkward instances will occur less and less. There are many posts on �ggati�h at the site, and there are some in the meditation section under, �gKey to Ānāpānasati – How to Change Habits and Character (Gati)�h. Satipaṭṭhāna is basically a methodical way of doing anapanasati. A scientific view is discussed in, �gHow Habits are Formed and Broken – A Scientific View�h.

 

10.—û�K‚·‚ê‚Î�AƒKƒ`‚͕ςí‚è�A‚»‚̂悤‚È–ï‰î‚ÈŽ–ŽÀ‚͂܂·‚Ü‚·�­‚È‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚Í�ugati�v‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚鑽‚­‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ª‚ ‚è�AKey to Ānāpānasati – How to Change Habits and Character (Gati)‚ÌáÒ‘zƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚É‚à‚¢‚­‚‚©‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B Satipaṭṭhāna‚ÍŠî–{“I‚ɃAƒiƒpƒiƒTƒeƒB‚ð�s‚¤Œn“�“I‚È•û–@‚Å‚·�B‰ÈŠw“IŒ©‰ð‚Í�AHow Habits are Formed and Broken – A Scientific View‚Å‹c˜_‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

11. Therefore, it is easy to see that kāyānupassanā is the first and most important part of the satara Satipaṭṭhāna.

Finally, it will be easier to get into samadhi and to contemplate anicca. dukkha, anatta (or any other Dhamma concept), which is �gdhammānupassanā�h.

 

11.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Akāyānupassanā‚ªsataraSatipaṭṭhāna‚Ì�Å�‰‚Å�Å‚à�d—v‚È•”•ª‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ªŠÈ’P‚ɂ킩‚è‚Ü‚·�B

kāyānupassanā‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚邯�A�ugati�v‚ª�™�X‚ɕω»‚µ�A—Ž‚¿’…‚«Žn‚߂܂·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A�Õ“®‚ÉŠî‚¢‚ÄŠ´�î‚É”½‰ž‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂Ȃ¢‚Ì‚Å�A�uvedanānupassanā�v‚ÌŽŸ‚Ì’iŠK�A‚‚܂è�u“Á’è‚ÌŠ´�”­�¶‚µ‚½‚Æ‚«‚ɂǂ̂悤‚ɑΉž‚·‚é‚©‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦‚é�v‚ÌŽÀ‘H‚ª‚æ‚èŠÈ’P‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

—¼•û‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚邯�A�ugati�v‚͕ω»‚µ�A�Å�‰‚ÌŽv�l‚Å‚à�u“Å‚ª�­‚È‚¢�v‚½‚ß�AŽ©“®“I‚É�ucittānupassanā�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u“¹“¿“I‚É�l‚¦‚é�v‚Ì‚ªŠÈ’P‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

�ÅŒã‚É�Asamadhi‚É“ü‚è�Aanicca,dukkha�Aanatta�i‚·‚Ȃ킿‚»‚Ì‘¼‚ÌDhamma‚̃Rƒ“ƒZƒvƒg�j‚ð�n�l‚·‚é•û‚ªŠÈ’P‚Å‚·�B ‚±‚ꂪdhammānupassanā‚Å‚·�B

 

12. Thus one starts with kāyānupassanā first and then move on to other three �ganupassanā�h. When one completes all four one completes the process and will have �gsammā sati�h in full, which leads to �gsammā samadhi�h in full, i.e., Arahanthood.

 

12.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�Å�‰‚Ékāyānupassanā‚©‚çŽn‚ß‚Ä�AŽŸ‚É‘¼‚Ì3‚‚Ì�uanupassanā�v‚É�i‚݂܂·�B 4‚‚·‚ׂĂªŠ®—¹‚·‚邯�Aƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ªŠ®—¹‚µ�A�\•ª‚È�usammā sati�v‚ª�g‚ɂ‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚±‚ê‚É‚æ‚è�A�\•ª‚È�usammā samadhi�v�A‚‚܂èArahanthood‚É“±‚©‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚»‚ê‚Í’Ê�í4‚‚̒iŠK‚Å�s‚í‚ê�A�Å�‰‚Ì’iŠK‚ÍSotāpanna‚Ì’iŠK‚Å‚·�B

�¬Šw�Z‚ɒʂ킸‚É’†Šw�Z‚É’Ê‚Á‚½‚è�A�‚�Z‚É�‡Ši‚¹‚¸‚É‘åŠw‚̃R�[ƒX‚ðŽó�u‚µ‚½‚è‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚È‚¢‚̂Ɠ¯‚¶‚悤‚É�A4‚‚̃Xƒeƒbƒv‚ðŒv‰æ“I‚É�i‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚ÉŽ©•ª‚Ì�s“®‚ƃXƒs�[ƒ`‚ð�§Œä‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ꂪ�ukāyānupassanā�v‚̈Ӗ¡‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ă͎Ÿ‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚Í�Akāyānupassanā‚ÌŽÀ�s’†‚É‘¼‚Ì3‚‚ðŽÀ�s‚µ‚Ă͂Ȃç‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚ƃ{ƒfƒB‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚é�uƒrƒbƒO�EƒGƒCƒg�v‚Ì’âŽ~‚É�ϋɓI‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚È‚¢ŒÀ‚è�A‘¼‚Ì3‚‚ð�s‚¤‚±‚ƂɂÍ�u‚ ‚Ü‚èƒ�ƒŠƒbƒg‚ª‚È‚¢�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚·�B2. The Basics in Meditation

‚»‚µ‚Ä�Akāyānupassanā‚ð‚â‚߂邱‚Ƃ͌ˆ‚µ‚Ä‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‹­�§“I‚É‚â‚ç‚È‚­‚Ä‚à�A�Kе‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�Bƒ�ƒŠƒbƒg‚ðŒ©‚½‚Æ‚«�A�l‚Í‘O�i‚µ‚½‚¢‚ÆŽv‚¤‚Å‚µ‚傤�B ‘¼‚Ì3‚‚à�™�X‚É‘g‚Ý�ž‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚«�A‚·‚®‚É4‚‚·‚ׂĂðŽÀ�s‚·‚邿‚¤‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µkāyānupassanā‚ªŠî‘b‚Å‚·�B

 

 

 

Prerequisites for the Satipaṭṭhāna Bhāvanā

As you may have noticed, I am not going to follow the sutta in the formal order. I would like to present it in a way that is conducive to the present day. However, at the end it will become clear that everything in the sutta has been discussed.

1. From the previous two posts it is clear that this meditation is not just to be practiced in a formal session, even though formal sessions can and should be done. In particular,  Dhammānupassana needs to be done in formal sessions, which we will discuss shortly. With that in mind let us look at how the sutta begins (after the uddēsa or the �gbrief description�h section, to which we will get back later):

�gKathaṃ ca pana, bhikkhavē, bhikkhu kāyē kāyanupassi viharati?

This should make it very clear that the bhāvānā is not just to be practiced in a formal session; one has to �glive it�h.

 

‚¨‹C‚«‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�AŽ„‚Í�³Ž®‚È�‡�˜‚Åsutta‚ðƒtƒHƒ��[‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�¡“ú‚ɖ𗧂‚悤‚ÈŒ`‚Å�Љ‚½‚¢‚ÆŽv‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A�Å�I“I‚É‚Ísutta‚Ì‚·‚ׂĂª‹c˜_‚³‚ꂽ‚±‚Æ‚ª–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

1.‘O‚Ì2‚‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚©‚ç�A�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�s‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚邵�A�s‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邯‚µ‚Ä‚à�A‚±‚ÌáÒ‘z‚Í�A�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚邾‚¯‚ł͂Ȃ¢‚±‚Ƃ͖¾‚ç‚©‚Å‚·�B“Á‚É�ADhammānupassana‚Í�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�s‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�AŒã‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ð”O“ª‚É’u‚¢‚Ä�Asutta‚ª‚ǂ̂悤‚ÉŽn‚܂邩‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚傤�iŒã‚Å�à–¾‚·‚éuddēsa‚·‚Ȃ킿�uŠÈ’P‚È�à–¾�vƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŒã‚Å�j�B

 

�uKathaṃ ca pana�Abhikkhavē�Abhikkhu kāyē kāyanupassi viharati�H�v

 

‚±‚±‚Å‚à‘¼‚Ì‘½‚­‚Ì�ê�Ђłà�uca�v‚Í�ucha�v‚Æ”­‰¹‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚±‚Å�uviharati�v‚Í�u�¶‚«‚邱‚Æ�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚ꂪŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�u”ä‹u‚æ�ABhikkhus�A‘Ì‚Ìkāyānupassanā�ikāyē kāyānupassanā�j‚ƈê��‚É�¶‚«‚邯‚͂ǂ̂悤‚ȈӖ¡‚Ȃ̂łµ‚傤‚©�H�v‚Å‚·�B

‚±‚ê‚Íbhāvānā‚ª�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÅŽÀ‘H‚³‚ê‚邾‚¯‚ł͂Ȃ­�A�u�¶‚«‚é�v•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ª–¾Šm‚ɂȂé‚Í‚¸‚Å‚·�B

 

2. Now let us look at the next phrase that describes how to prepare for the bhāvānā:

�gIdha, bhikkhavē, bhikkhu aranna gatō vā rukkhamūla gatō vā sunnāgāra gatō vā nisidati pallankaṃ ābhujitvā, ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�h.

Of course, this is a good thing to do if one is going to do a formal session, except that one should focus the awareness not �garound the mouth�h but on the object of contemplation as we will discuss later.

 

2.ŽŸ‚É�Abhāvānā‚Ì�€”õ•û–@‚ð�à–¾‚·‚鎟‚̃tƒŒ�[ƒY‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B

 

�uIdha�Abhikkhavē�Abhikkhu aranna gatō vā rukkhamūla gatō vā sunnāgāra gatō vā nisidati pallankaṃ ābhujitvā�Aujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya�Aparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�v

 

�]—ˆ‚Ì–|–ó‚Í�AŽŸ‚̂悤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B�u‚³‚ ‘m—µ‚æ�A�X‚Ì’†�A‚·‚Ȃ킿–Ø‚Ì�ª–{�A‚Ü‚½‚͋󎺂É�s‚«�A‘«‚ð‚ ‚®‚ç‚É‚µ‚Ä�À‚í‚è�A‘̂𒼗§‚³‚¹�AŒû‚ÌŽüˆÍ‚̗̈æ‚Ɉӎ¯‚ðŒÅ’肵‚Ü‚·�B�v

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A‚±‚ê‚Í�A�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ð�s‚¤�ê�‡‚É“K‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚¾‚µ�AŒã‚Å�à–¾‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�A�uŒû‚ÌŽü‚è�v‚ł͂Ȃ­�n�l‚Ì‘Î�ۂɈӎ¯‚ð�W’†‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�ê�‡‚Í�œ‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

3. I pointed out in the introduction how the sutta (like most other suttā) was apparently designed to convey the above �gconventional�h meaning while keeping the deeper meaning hidden; see, �gSutta – Introduction�h. This is a good example of how this was accomplished. Let us describe the above sentence in detail. However, I may not be able to go into such details for the rest of the sutta, because it will take up too much space.

Continuing with the interpretation of the phrase in #2,  �ggatō vā�h means �gget in to�h or in the deeper sense, �gget into the mindset�h.

�grukkha�h is �gtree�h and �gmūla�h is the �groot�h; even though the top of a tree sways back and forth with the wind, the tree trunk close to the root is very stable. Thus �grukkhamūla gatō vā�h means getting to a stable mindset. In the conventional interpretation is says, �ghaving gone to the foot of a tree�h.

 

3.�˜•¶‚Å�A‘¼‚̂قƂñ‚Ç‚Ìsutt₯“¯—l‚É�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ð‰B‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç�ã‹L‚Ì�u�]—ˆ‚Ì�vˆÓ–¡‚ð“`‚¦‚邽‚ß‚Ésutta‚ª�ÝŒv‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ðŽw“E‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�BSutta – Introduction‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚±‚Ìsutta‚Í�A‚ǂ̂悤‚±‚ꂪ’B�¬‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©‚ª‚í‚©‚é—Ç‚¢—á‚Å‚·�B�ã‹L‚Ì•¶�Í‚ð�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B‚½‚¾‚µ�AƒXƒy�[ƒX‚ª‘½‚­‚Ȃ肷‚¬‚邽‚ß�AŽc‚è‚Ìsutta‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�Ú�ׂɓü‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚È‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�”2‚̃tƒŒ�[ƒY‚̉ðŽß‚𑱂¯‚邯�A�ugatō vā�v‚Í�u—�‰ð‚·‚é�i’†‚É“ü‚é�j�v‚Ü‚½‚Í‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Å�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð’è‚ß‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

•Aranna‚Í�X�i‚Ü‚½‚Í�X‚Ì�C“¹‰@�j‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‰B‚³‚ꂽˆÓ–¡‚Í�urana�v‚É—R—ˆ‚·‚é�u�퓬�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ�A‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�uA+ranna�v‚Í�퓬‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uaranna gatō vā�v‚Í�u“ú�í‚Ì�í‚¢‚𗣂ê‚Ä�A—Ž‚¿’…‚¢‚½’è‚ß‚½�l‚¦•û‚É“ü‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�]—ˆ‚̉ðŽß‚Å‚Í�u�X‚É“ü‚Á‚½�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰Ó�Š‚Ì‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Å‚·�B

�urukkha�v‚Í�u–Ø�v�A�umūla�v‚Í�u�ª�v‚Å‚·�B–Ø‚Ì�ã‚Í•—‚É—h‚ê‚邪�A�ªŒ³‚ɋ߂¢–؂̊²‚͈À’肵‚Ä‚¢‚é�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�urukkhamūla gatō vā�v‚Í�AˆÀ’肵‚½�l‚¦•û‚É“ž’B‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�]—ˆ‚̉ðŽß‚Å‚Í�u–؂̑«Œ³‚É�s‚Á‚½�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰Ó�Š‚Ì‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Å‚·�B

 

4. Next, �gsunnāgāra�h is an empty building or room. The deeper meaning is that the mind should be empty of greed, hate, and ignorance. One should dispel any such thoughts that comes to the mind.

The post, �gkāyānupassanā – Section on Postures (Iriyapathapabba)�g, describes how one needs to conduct satipattāna in all four postures (sitting, standing, walking, lying down), AND in numerous sub-postures; Therefore, the idea of �gkeeping the physical body upright�h during satipattāna is a falsehood.

 

4.ŽŸ‚É�Asunnāgāra‚Í‹ó‚ÌŒš•¨‚Ü‚½‚Í•”‰®‚Å‚·�B‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Í�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ÍæÃ—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�A‚»‚µ‚Ä–³’m‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‹ó‚Å‚ ‚é‚ׂ«‚¾‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚̂悤‚È�l‚¦‚ª“ª‚É•‚‚©‚Ô‚È‚ç‚Ε¥�@‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

�unisidati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā�v‚Í�u‚ ‚®‚ç‚ð‚©‚¢‚Ä�À‚é�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚ł̃L�[ƒ��[ƒh‚Í�A�upall�v‚Æ�uanka�v‚Å�upalla�iŒ¸‚ç‚·�j + anka�i�”�j�v‚Í•¶Žš’Ê‚è‚É‚Í�uŒ¸�­‚³‚¹‚é�v‚Æ�u�”’l�v‚̈Ӗ¡‚Å‚·�B‚Å‚·‚©‚ç�u�”‚ðŒ¸‚ç‚·�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u�d—v�«‚ð—^‚¦‚È‚¢�v‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�unisidati pallankaṃābhujitvā�v‚Í�A�u�T‚¦‚ß�v‚Å‚ ‚è�A�u—DˆÊ�«�v‚ÌŠ´Šo‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

ŽŸ‚É�A�uujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya�v‚Í�u‘̂𒼗§‚ð•Û‚Â�v‚Æ–|–󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚æ‚è�[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚Í�A‚»‚ê‚Í�u‚Ü‚Á‚·‚®‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u—¦’¼�v‚Å�u�³’¼�v‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð•\‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

kāyānupassanā – Section on Postures (Iriyapathapabba)‚Å‚Í�A4‚‚̂·‚ׂĂ̎p�¨�i�À‚é�A—§‚Â�A•à‚­�A‰¡‚ɂȂé�j‚Å�A‚»‚µ‚Ä‘½�”‚Ì‚»‚ê‚É�€‚¶‚½Žp�¨‚Åsatipattāna‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚éŽp�¨‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Asatipattāna‚Ì�Å’†‚Í�u�g‘̂𒼗§‚³‚¹‚Ä‚¨‚­�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰ðŽß‚É‚±‚¾‚í‚é‚̂͌ë‚è‚Å‚·�B

 

5. Finally, �gparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�h is the KEY to Satipaṭṭhāna: It is translated literally as �gfixes his awareness in the area around the mouth�h. What is actually meant is to keep the mind on the main object (called �gmukkha nimitta�h), i.e., �gNibbāna�h or �gcooling down�h. �gPari�h here means �gcomplete�h or �gfull�h.

Thus what is described in that sentence is the required mindset for the meditator, whether he/she is going to be �gmeditating�h in any one of the four postures described in the previous post, not just in a sitting down formal meditation session.

 

5.�ÅŒã‚É�A�uparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�v‚ÍSatipaṭṭhāna‚ÌŒ®‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A•¶Žš’Ê‚è‚Å‚Í�uŒû‚ÌŽü‚è‚Ɉӎ¯‚ðŒÅ’è‚·‚é�v‚Ɩ󂳂ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚©‚µŽÀ�ۂɈӖ¡‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í�AŽå‚ȃIƒuƒWƒFƒNƒg�i�umukkha nimitta�v‚ƌĂ΂ê‚é�j�A‚‚܂è�uNibbāna�v‚·‚Ȃ킿ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ucooling down�v‚É—¯‚߂邱‚Ƃł·�B

‚±‚±‚Å‚Ì�uPari�v‚Í�uŠ®‘S‚È�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u�\•ª‚È�v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uparimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā�v‚Æ‚Í�AŽå‚È–Ú•W‚Å‚ ‚éNibbāna‚É�W’†‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚Ì•¶�Í‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�A�À‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘zƒZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�A‘O‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é4‚‚̎p�¨‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©‚Å�uáÒ‘z�v‚·‚é‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚É‚©‚©‚í‚炸�AáÒ‘zŽÒ‚É•K—v‚È�l‚¦•û‚Å‚·�B

 

6. Thus the �gpreparation instructions�h in that opening phrase can now be stated something like, �gget into a calm and stable mindset that is devoid of greed, hate, and ignorance; keep a modest attitude without any sense of superiority; be forthright and honest, and keep the mind on the main object of cooling down�h.

Thus the idea is for one to become a �gfirefighter�h (�gātāpi sampajannō�g), who is always on the lookout not for actual fires, but for those mental events that CAN LEAD TO mental fires in the future. These are basically any immoral acts, speech, or thoughts.

 

6.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚Ì–`“ª‚Ì�u�€”õ‚ÌŽwަ�v‚Í�AŽŸ‚̂悤‚É‚à�à‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚ƂɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

�u—D‰zŠ´‚̂Ȃ¢“K“x‚ȑԓx‚ð•Û‚¿�A—¦’¼‚Å�³’¼‚Å‚ ‚è�A–Ú“I‚Å‚ ‚éƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi�i—Á‚µ‚­—â�ÂÈ�ó‘Ô�j‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚𗯂߂Ȃ³‚¢�B�v

‚±‚̂悤‚ȃ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì�ó‘Ô‚ð�A‚¢‚‚̎ž‚Å‚à”|‚í‚ê‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

’·Šú‚ɂ킽‚Á‚ă}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð—Á‚µ‚­—â�Âɂµ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚ªŒ®‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A�]—ˆ‚̉ðŽß‚Í�A�À‚é�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÉŽg—p‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚·�B�uŒû‚ÌŽü‚è‚̗̈æ‚ňӎ¯‚ðŒÅ’è‚·‚é�v‚ð�œ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�B

�í‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð—Á‚µ‚­—â�Âɂµ�A�uātāpi sampajannō �v‚ɂȂ邱‚Æ‚É�Å“_‚𓖂ĂĂ¢‚Ü‚·�BSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure�g, and �gkāyānupassanā – The Section on Habits (Sampajanapabba)‚ðŽQ�Æ�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AƒAƒCƒfƒA‚Í�u�Á–hŽm�v�i�uātāpi sampajannō�v�j‚ɂȂ邱‚Ƃł·�BáÒ‘z‚Ì�u�Á–hŽm�v‚Æ‚Í�í‚ÉŽÀ�ۂ̉Î�Ђł͂Ȃ­�A�«—ˆ“I‚Ƀ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹‚ȉÎ�Ђɂ‚Ȃª‚é‰Â”\�«‚Ì‚ ‚éƒCƒxƒ“ƒg‚É–Ú‚ðŒõ‚点‚é�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚·�BƒCƒxƒ“ƒg‚Ƃ͊î–{“I‚É•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×�AƒXƒs�[ƒ`�A‚Ü‚½‚ÍŽv�l‚Å‚·�B

 

7. There are five sections or �gpabba�h in the kāyānupassanā. The reason that I described the Iriyāpathapabba (�gsection on postures�h) and the Sampajānapabba (�gsection on habits�h) in the previous posts was to emphasize the point that this  cannot be restricted to a formal session. One could say, �gHow can I be meditating the whole day?�h. This question arises only because of the misconceptions we have on what meditation or �gbhāvānā�h is.

One can just make it a �gformal session�h in order to get into deeper levels of samādhi or jhānā.

 

7.kāyānupassanā‚É‚Í5‚‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚·‚Ȃ킿�upabba�v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‘O‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ÅIriyāpathapabba�iŽp�¨‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“�j‚ÆSampajānapabba�i�Kе‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“�j‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚½‚Ì‚Í�A‚±‚Ìbhāvānā‚ª�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÉŒÀ’肵‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤“_‚ð‹­’²‚·‚邽‚߂ł·�B �u‚Ç‚¤‚·‚ê‚Έê“ú’†áÒ‘z‚Å‚«‚é‚Ì‚©�v‚ÆŒ¾‚¤Ž¿–â‚Í�AáÒ‘z�A‚‚܂è�ubhāvānā�v‚Ƃ͉½‚©‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŒë‰ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚߂ɔ­�¶‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

Žß‘¸‚Í�A�ubhāvānāya bahuleekathaya�v�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�ubhāvān₯‚Í�l‚ª‚¢‚Â‚à‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�v‚ÆŒ¾‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚»‚ê‚Í�A—Ç‚¢�Kе‚ð�g‚ɂ‚¯‚é�Kе‚ð‚‚¯�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­�Kе‚ð‚‚¯‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

samādhi ‚·‚Ȃ킿jhānā‚Ì‚æ‚è�[‚¢ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚É“ž’B‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A‚±‚ꂱ‚»‚ð�u�³Ž®‚ȃZƒbƒVƒ‡ƒ“�v‚ƉðŽß‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

8. Buddha Dhamma is not a religion in the sense of providing �gsalvation�h by following certain rules or procedures. The Buddha said the only way to achieve long-lasting happiness is to purify the mind. It starts with avoiding the worst immoral acts of killing, stealing, etc. When one sees the benefits of that one can go a step further and include gossiping, slandering, etc. and so on.

The more one purifies one�fs mind, the true nature of this world will become increasingly clear. One cannot read about it in one essay or even many essays. One has to put it into action. Even though it is good to read about anicca, dukkha, anatta, it is not possible to �gget it�h until one purifies one�fs mind to a certain extent AND experiences the �gcooling down�h that results from a purified mind; this will be discussed in the Dhammānupassanā.

 

8.ƒuƒbƒ_ƒ_ƒ“ƒ}‚Í�A“Á’è‚Ì‹K‘¥‚Ü‚½‚ÍŽè�‡‚É�]‚¤‚±‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�u‹~‚¢�v‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚Í�@‹³‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽß‘¸‚Í�A’·‘±‚«‚Ì‚·‚é�K•Ÿ‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é—Bˆê‚Ì•û–@‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚邱‚Ƃł ‚邯Œ¾‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B‚»‚ê‚Í�AŽE‚·�A“�‚ނȂǂÌ�ň«‚Ì•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ð‰ñ”ð‚·‚é‚±‚Æ‚©‚çŽn‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì—˜“_‚ð—�‰ð‚µ‚½‚ç�A‚³‚ç‚Ɉê•à�i‚ñ‚Å�A‚¤‚킳˜b�A’†��‚ȂǂðŠÜ‚߂Ă¢‚­‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚é‚Ù‚Ç�A‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚Ì–{Ž¿‚͂܂·‚Ü‚·–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B ‘½‚­‚̃GƒbƒZƒC‚ð“ǂނ±‚Ƃł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚ê‚ðŽÀ�s‚Ɉڂ³‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢‚±‚Ƃł·�B anicca�Adukha�Aanatta‚ɂ‚¢‚ēǂނ̂͗ǂ¢‚±‚Ƃł·‚ª�A‚ ‚é’ö“xƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚ß�A�´‚ß‚ç‚ꂽƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚ç�¶‚¶‚é�u—Á‚µ‚¢—â�³�v‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚·‚é‚܂łÍ�u‚‚©‚Þ�v‚±‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�ADhammānupassanā‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

9. Satipaṭṭhāna sutta describes a very methodical way of following the Path prescribed by the Buddha. Initially, one does not even have to worry about whether rebirth is vālid or whether there are 31 realms of existence. One just focuses on realizing that there are �ginternal fires�h (ātāpi) that we are not even aware of; see �gSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure�g.

 

9.Satipaṭṭhānasutta‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä’è‚ß‚ç‚ꂽ“¹‚ð‚½‚Ç‚é”ñ�í‚ÉŒn“�“I‚È•û–@‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Í�A�Ä�¶‚ª—LŒø‚Å‚ ‚é‚Ì‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©�A‚Ü‚½‚Í‘¶�Ý‚Ì31—̈悪‚ ‚é‚Ì‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�S”z‚·‚é•K—v‚³‚¦‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‹C•t‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�u“à•”‰Î�Ð�v�iātāpi�j‚ª‚ ‚邱‚ƂɋC‚­‚¾‚¯‚Å‚·�BSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B�@Ātāpi‚Æ‚Í“à•”‰Î�ЂȂ̂©�H�AĀ”Û’è�{tāpi”M‚³‚Ì—Á‚µ‚¢—â�³‚Ȃ̂©�H

 

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚߂邯�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚̉΂Ƃǂ̂悤‚ÉŽn‚܂邩‚ð‚Í‚Á‚«‚è‚ÆŠ´‚¶‚Ƃ邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B �u‘å‚«‚ȉÎ�v‚ð•Еt‚¯‚邯�A‚æ‚è�uŠ´Šo‚ª‰s‚­�v‚È‚è�A‚à‚Á‚Æ�¬‚³‚È‰Î‚ðŒ©‚ÄŠ´‚¶‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚Ì�¬‚³‚ȉΎ–‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�B‚±‚ê‚Í’iŠK“I‚ňê•àˆê•à‚É�i‚Þƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ꂪ�u“¹�v‚ƌĂ΂ê‚é—�—R‚Å‚·�B�u“¹�v‚ð�ã‚é‚Ù‚Ç�A‚æ‚è�uŒ©‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«�A‰Î‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«�A‚æ‚è�K‚¹‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

 

 

 

Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Structure

Revised September 1, 2016; October 29, 2017; February 16, 2020

Introduction

This post is the most important post on the Mahā Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta. It sets the foundation. This is where 99% of people should get started. Please read this and then follow the posts in the �gLiving Dhamma�h section before trying to follow the rest of the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta.

 

‘O�‘‚«

‚±‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�AMahā SatipaṭṭhānaSutta‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é�Å‚à�d—v‚ȃgƒsƒbƒN‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ðŠî”Õ‚Æ‚µ‚Ä�ݒ肵‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚±‚©‚ç99�“‚Ì�l‚ªŽn‚ß‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�B Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta‚ÌŽc‚è‚Ì•”•ª‚ðƒtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é‘O‚É�A‚±‚ê‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚©‚ç�uƒŠƒrƒ“ƒOƒ_ƒ“ƒ}�vƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚É�]‚Á‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

1. Several web sites provide Pāli version of the sutta and its English translation. I believe that they all are incorrect translations, and as I proceed, I will explain why.

I will not follow the sutta sequentially, but you will be able to follow the relevant sections. Eventually, I hope to cover most of the sutta.

 

1.‚¢‚­‚‚©‚̃EƒFƒuƒTƒCƒg‚ªsutta‚Æ‚»‚̉pŒê–ó‚̃p�[ƒŠŒê”Å‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í‚·‚ׂÄ�³‚µ‚­‚È‚¢–|–󂾂Ǝv‚¢‚Ü‚·�B˜b‚ª�i‚ނɂ‚ê�A‚»‚Ì—�—R‚ð�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚±‚ê‚̓p�[ƒŠŒê‚ƉpŒê–|–ó‚ð•À‚ׂĒñ‹Ÿ‚·‚éWeb‚Å‚·�Bhttp://www.tipitaka.org/stp-pali-eng-parallel

‚±‚ê‚ç‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ð�‘‚­‚½‚߂ɑPˆÓ‚ðŽ�‚Á‚ÄŽžŠÔ‚ð‚©‚¯‚½�l�X‚Ì�Ó”C‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚½‚¾�A‚±‚̂悤‚É�A‚±‚Ìsutta‚⑼‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ª1000”NˆÈ�ã‚ɂ킽‚Á‚ĉðŽß‚³‚ê‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

Ž„‚Í�‡ŽŸ‚Ésutta‚ðƒtƒHƒ��[‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�AŠÖ˜A‚·‚éƒZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ðƒtƒHƒ��[‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�I“I‚É‚Í�Asutta‚̂قƂñ‚Ç‚ðƒJƒo�[‚µ‚½‚¢‚ÆŽv‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

Three Levels of Explanations

2. As I explained in �gSutta – Introduction,�h there are three ways of presenting Dhamma: uddēsa, niddēsa, patiniddēsa.

In the main body of the sutta, the concepts are outlined. Those key concepts are supposed to be described in detail, with examples, in verbal discourses (i.e., a dēsanā.) That is what I will be doing in these series of posts, i.e., describe the concepts in detail.

 

2. Sutta – Introduction‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�ADhamma‚ð’ñަ‚·‚é•û–@‚Í3‚‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Fuddēsa�Aniddēsa�Apatiniddēsa‚Å‚·�B

‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚Ìsuttā‚ɂ͒Z‚¢—v–ñ‚·‚Ȃ킿udd sa‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�AMahā Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta‚Í�Å�‰‚É‚»‚ꂪ‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�Bƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚ƉpŒê‚ÅŠ®‘S‚Èsutta‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚·‚é�ã‹L‚Ì�”1‚ÌƒŠƒ“ƒN‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

sutta‚Ì–{‘̂ŊT”O‚ªŠT�à‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌŽå—v‚ÈŠT”O‚Í�A—á‚ð‹“‚°‚Ä�AŒ¾—t‚É‚æ‚é’k˜b�i‚‚܂èdēsanā�j‚Å�Ú�ׂÉ�à–¾‚³‚ê‚邱‚ƂɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ꂪ‚±‚ê‚ç‚̈ê˜A‚̃GƒbƒZƒC‚Å�s‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ�A‚‚܂è�AŠT”O‚ð�Ú�ׂÉ�à–¾‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B

 

Uddēsa Version – Brief Summary

3. The uddēsa (or uddeso) starts with, �gEkāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggō sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, sokaparidevanaṃ samatikkamāya, dukkhadomanassanaṃ atthangamāya, nāyassa adhigamāya, nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhāna�h

Two Key Points

The main difference from the translation (conventional interpretation) given in the link in #1 above are the two phrases as highlighted above:

So, the essence of that verse is that the method described in the Satipaṭṭhāna sutta provides a guaranteed way to attain Nibbāna, via purification of the being, i.e., via cleansing one�fs mind.

3.uddēsa�i‚Ü‚½‚Íuddeso�j‚͈ȉº‚̂悤‚ÉŽn‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚·�B�uEkāyano ayaṃ�Abhikkhave�Amaggō sattānaṃ visuddhiyā�Asokaparidevanaṃ samatikkamāya�Adukkhadomanassanaṃ atthangamāya�Anāyassa adhigamāya�Anibbānassa  sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhāna�v

–|–ó�F�u‚±‚ê‚Í�A�ò‰»�A”ß‚µ‚݂ƒQ‚«‚Ì�Ž•ž�A‹ê‚µ‚݂Ɣ߂µ‚Ý‚Ì�Á–Å�A’qŒd‚𓾂é�¹‚È‚é•û–@�Aƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚ÌŽÀŒ»‚Ì‚½‚߂ɕÛ�Ø‚³‚ꂽ•û–@‚Å‚·�B‚‚܂è�A“¹“¿“Iƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒZƒbƒg‚ÌŽl�d‚ÌŠm—§�v‚Å‚·�B

2‚‚̃|ƒCƒ“ƒg

�ã‹L‚Ì�”1‚ÌƒŠƒ“ƒN‚Å’ñ‹Ÿ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é–|–ó�i�]—ˆ‚̉ðŽß�j‚Ƃ̎å‚ȈႢ‚Í�A�ã‹L‚Å‹­’²‚³‚ꂽ2‚‚̋å‚Å‚·�B

 

‚»‚ê‚̓jƒbƒo�[ƒi‚Ö‚Ì—Bˆê‚Ì•û–@‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽß‘¸‚ªMahā Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta‚ð“`‚¦‚é‘O‚É�A‘½‚­‚Ì�l‚ªƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�iˆÈ‘O‚É“`‚¦‚ê‚ꂽsutta‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�j�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚±‚Ìsutta‚Í�A�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚©‚çƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚̃Xƒe�[ƒW‚܂ł̂ ‚ç‚ä‚郌ƒxƒ‹‚ÅNibbāna‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚߂̑̌n“I‚Å•Û�Ø‚³‚ꂽ•û–@‚Å‚·�B

�unāyassa adhigamāya�v‚Æ�usatipathäna�v‚Ì–|–ó�F�uNāya�v�iƒTƒ“ƒXƒNƒŠƒbƒgŒê‚Ì�unyāya�v�j‚Í�u�ª–{“I‚ÈŒ´—��v‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Í�unāna�v‚·‚Ȃ킿’qŒd‚Œ͂܂ê�A�uadhigama�v‚Í�uadhi�v‚æ‚è�‚‚¢ +�ugama�v•û–@�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�u‚æ‚è‚æ‚¢•û–@�v‚Å‚·�B Satipaṭṭhāna‚ð�u“¹“¿“I‚È�l‚¦•û�v‚Æ‚µ‚Ä–|–󂷂邱‚Ƃ͂»‚ê‚قLj«‚­‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�AŽŸ‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å�usatipathāna�v‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚±‚Ì�߂̖{Ž¿‚Í�ASatipaṭṭhānasutta‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é•û–@‚ª�A‘¶�Ý‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�A‚‚܂èƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�´‚߂邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒjƒbƒo�[ƒi‚É“ž’B‚·‚邽‚߂̕Û�Ø‚³‚ꂽ•û–@‚¾‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B

 

�gFour Stations�h of Mindfulness

4. The next phrase is, �gKatame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassi viharati ātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam.  Vedanāsu vedanānupassi viharati ātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam. Citte cittänupassī viharati ātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam. Dhammesu dhammānupassi viharati ātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�h

This indicates the critical importance of this phrase. This is the beginning of the purification process, by laying out the foundation; see, �gSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Relevance to Suffering in This Life�g. One HAS TO go through this process to reach the Sōtapanna stage.

 

ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚Ì�u4‚‚̉w�v

4.

‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�uKatame cattāro�H�v �u‚Ç‚Ì4‚‚ł·‚©�H �icattaro‚Í�uchaththarō�v‚Æ”­‰¹‚µ‚Ü‚·�j�Bƒp�[ƒŠŒê‚Í�u•W�€‰pŒê�v‚É�]‚Á‚Ä’Ô‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�gTipiṭaka English�h Convention Adopted by Early European Scholars – Part 1�h and �g�gTipiṭaka English�h Convention Adopted by Early European Scholars – Part 2‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

ŽŸ‚É�Akāyānupassanā�Avēdanānupassanā�Acittānupassanā�Adhammānupassanā‚Ì4‚‚ªƒŠƒXƒg‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B �uātāpī sampajānō�Asatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚ª4‚‚̂»‚ꂼ‚ê‚ÌŒã‚É•\ަ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃɒ�ˆÓ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚±‚ê‚Í�A‚±‚̃tƒŒ�[ƒY‚Ì�d—v�«‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�AŠî‘b‚ðƒŒƒCƒAƒEƒg‚µ‚Ä‹­’²‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�A�ò‰»ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ÌŽn‚Ü‚è‚Å‚·�BSatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Relevance to Suffering in This Life‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B SōtapannaƒXƒe�[ƒW‚É“ž’B‚·‚é‚É‚Í�A‚±‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚ðŽÀ�s‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

A Key Phrase Relevant to All Four

5. We will discuss �gkāye kāyānupassi viharati�h etc in subsequent posts, but let us look at that all-important common phrase, �gātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam, �h that is common to all four �gstations of mindfulness.�h This needs to be evaluated in two parts: �gātāpī sampajānō�h AND �gsatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�h.

When one cultivates Satipaṭṭhāna, one would not feel that �gburning up�h even upon hearing the tragic news. One will be able to �ghandle things�h appropriately without taking drastic actions on the �gspur-of-the-moment�h.

 

5.ˆÈ�~‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å‚Í�ukāye kāyānupassi viharati�v‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�A4‚‚Ì�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚Ì•”–å�v‚·‚ׂĂɋ¤’Ê‚·‚é�uātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤�d—v‚È‹¤’ÊŒê‹å‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚Ý‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B‚±‚ê‚Í�uātāpī sampajānō�v‚Æ�usatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Ì2‚‚̕”•ª‚Å•]‰¿‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

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Sampajāna ‚Í �gsan�h + �gpajāna‚·‚Ȃ킿‚ðƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ɃXƒgƒŒƒX‚ð—^‚¦‚é�usan�v‚ð‘I•Ê‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

What is �gSan�h?‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B �usan�v‚Ì�ň«‚ÌŒ`‘Ô‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª–{”\“I‚É•s“¹“¿‚Å‚ ‚邯’m‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à‚̂ł·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚É‚Í�AŽEŠQ�A“�“ï�A•s“K�Ø‚È�«“I�sˆ×�A‰R�A“D�Œ‚ªŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

Sampajāna‚Í�AŽß‘¸‚Ì�ÅŒã‚ÌŒ¾—t‚Å‚ ‚é�u.. appamadēna sampādēta �v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u..‹}‚¢‚Åsan‚ð�®—�‚µ‚È‚³‚¢�v‚Ì�usampādēta�v‚Æ–§�Ú‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�Bsampādēta‚Í�usan�v+�upādēta�v�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�usan�v‚ð�®—�‚µ‚È‚³‚¢�A‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚·�B

�usampādēta�v‚ðŽÀ�s‚·‚邯�A�usampajannō�v‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B�³‚µ‚¢‚±‚ƂƊԈá‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ªŽ©“®“I‚ɂ킩‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚Í�Kе‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚Ì�d—v‚È‹å‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�ASatipaṭṭhāna Sutta – Relevance to Suffering in This Life‚Ìdēsanā‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�iƒRƒ“ƒsƒ…�[ƒ^�[‚ʼn¹—Ê‚ð�§Œä‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�ê�‡‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�j�B

 

Ātāpī Sampajānō

6. Therefore, �gātāpī sampajānō�h means �gremove the fire or heat from one�fs mind by being aware of the �esan�e or �gimmoral tendencies�h. They also go by the names �gkilesa�h and �gasōbhana cētasika�g; see, �gWhat Are Kilesa (Mental Impurities)? – Connection to Cetasika�g.

When one starts making progress, one could start to avoid tendencies for extreme sense pleasures as well.

 

6.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uātāpīsampajānō�v‚Í�A�usan�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�u•s“¹“¿‚ÈŒXŒü�v‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚©‚ç‰Î‚Ü‚½‚Í”M‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚½�A�ukilesa�v‚Æ�uasōbhana cētasika �v‚Æ‚¢‚¤–¼‘O‚ŌĂ΂ê‚Ü‚·�BWhat Are Kilesa (Mental Impurities)? – Connection to CetasikaŽQ�Æ�B

�l‚ª�i•à‚µŽn‚߂邯�A‹É’[‚ÈŠ´Šo‚̉õŠy‚ÌŒXŒü‚à‰ñ”ð‚µŽn‚߂邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B

 

Satimā Vineyya Lōke Abhijjhā Dōmanassam

7. Then we have, �gsatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�g.  This is a highly condensed statement about the nature of this world. It needs to be analyzed as �gsati mā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�g, i.e., satimā is really two words: sati and mā.

Thus �gsati ma vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�h means establishing moral mindset and moral conduct in order to be free from the debt-ridden world and to be relieved from abhijjā and dōmanassa. This is the key to �gcooling down�h; see, �gLiving Dhamma�h for details.

 

7.ŽŸ‚É�A�usatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ì�«Ž¿‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä”ñ�í‚É‹Ã�k‚³‚ꂽ�º–¾‚Å‚·�B �usati mā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚µ‚Ä•ª�Í‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚‚܂è�Asatimā ‚ÍŽÀ�Û‚É‚Ísati‚Æmā‚Ì2‚‚̒PŒê‚Å‚·�B

 

‚·‚ׂĂ̋ꂵ‚Ý‚Ì�ª–{“I‚ÈŒ´ˆö‚Í�A‹É’[‚ÈæÃ—~‚·‚Ȃ킿�uabhijjā​​�v�i�uabhi�v+�uicchā�v‚·‚Ȃ킿‹­‚¢Š‰–]‚Ü‚½‚͈¤’…�j‚Å‚·�B�l‚ª–]‚Þ‚à‚Ì‚ðŽè‚É“ü‚ê‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚Æ‚«�A�l‚Í—Ž‚¿�ž‚ñ‚Å‚µ‚Ü‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ꂪdōmanassa‚Å‚·�B�l‚Í“®—h‚µ�A‚µ‚å‚°‚Ä�A“{‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚ð‚à‚Á‚Ädōmanassa‚Ì�l‚¦•û‚Å�s“®‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ðŠm”F‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B

�uVineyya lōke�v‚Æ‚Í�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‚¨ŒÝ‚¢‚É•‰�‚ð‰î‚µ‚Ä�u‚¨ŒÝ‚¢‚ªŒ‹‚т‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�v‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚ðŽw‚µ‚Ü‚·�BKamma, Debt, and Meditation‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

‚»‚µ‚Ä�usatimā�v‚Í�usati�v+�umā�v‚©‚ç—ˆ‚Ü‚·�B�umā�v‚Í�í�œ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�Asati‚Ì�í�œ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B Œã‚Ì‹å‚Ì“à—e‚ð�í�œ�A‚·‚Ȃ킿‰ð•ú‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

�usati�v‚Æ�uvineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚ÌŽc‚è‚̃tƒŒ�[ƒY‚ð‘g‚Ý�‡‚킹‚½‚à‚̂ł·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�usati ma vineyyalōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Í�AŽØ‹à‚É–ž‚¿‚½�¢ŠE‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê�Aabhijjā​​‚Ædōmanassa‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê‚邽‚ß‚É�A“¹“¿“I‚È�l‚¦•û‚Æ“¹“¿“I‚È�s“®‚ðŠm—§‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ꂪ�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚ÌŒ®‚Å‚·�B�Ú�ׂɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�ALiving Dhamma‚ðŽQ�Æ‚µ‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B

 

A Key Idea Behind the Sutta

8. Thus the verse, �gātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�g, means �gget rid of the fire or heat in the mind by being aware of kilesa or defilements and by removing extreme greed (abhijjā) that leads to a depressed mind (dōmanassa) through discipline (vineyya)�h.

The rest of the Satipaṭṭhāna sutta is on the details on how to go about achieving these goals.

 

8.‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uātāpī sampajān ō�Asatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤�ß‚Í�A�ukilesa‚·‚Ȃ킿‰˜‚ê‚ð”Fޝ‚µ�A—Ž‚¿�ž‚ñ‚¾ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh�idōmanassa�j‚ɂ‚Ȃª‚é‹É’[‚ÈæÃ—~�iabhijjā​​�j‚ð‹K—¥�ivineyya�j‚ð’Ê‚µ‚ÄŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì’†‚̉΂â”M‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­�iātāpī�j‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�v�B

 

�Å�‰‚Ì’iŠK‚Å‚Í�A•s“¹“¿‚ÈŠˆ“®‚·‚Ȃ킿dasa akusala‚ð�T‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚É�Å“_‚ð“–‚Ä‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

�l‚ª�i•à‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê�A�l‚ð��‚‚¯‚邱‚Ƃ̂Ȃ¢‹É’[‚ÈŠ´Šo‚̉õŠy‚ð�T‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚©‚çŽn‚߂邱‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ÌŽž‚܂łÉ�A‹É’[‚ÈŠ´Šo‚ÌŠì‚Ñ‚à‚Ü‚½�uƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì’†‚̉΂·‚Ȃ킿”M�v‚ɂǂ̂悤‚É‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚È‚º‚‚Ȃª‚é‚Ì‚©‚ª–¾‚ç‚©‚ɂȂèŽn‚߂܂·

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A�uātāpī sampajānō�Asatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚Í�ASatipaṭṭhāna‚Æānāpāna bhāvanā‚Ì—¼•û‚ÌŒ®‚ƂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

Satipaṭṭhāna sutta‚ÌŽc‚è‚Ì•”•ª‚Å‚Í�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é•û–@‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

 

The �gCooling Down�h

9. This �gcooling down�h happens in four ways. They are kāyānupassanā, vēdanānupassanā, cittānupassanā, and dhammānupassanā.

Thus it is a gradual process. Each advance helps with gaining confidence in one�fs actions, helps not to just react to feelings, helps to think with a clear head, which in turn helps with the understanding process.

 

9.‚±‚Ì�u—â‹p�v‚Í4‚‚̕û–@‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í�Akāyānupassanā�Avēdanānupassanā�Acittānupassanā�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñdhammānupassanā‚Å‚·�B

 

kāyānupassanā ‚ðŽg‚Á‚Äabhijjā​​‚Ædōmanassa‚ÌŽå—v‚È�ªŒ¹‚Ì�ˆ—�‚·‚邱‚Æ‚©‚çŽn‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邯‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å�A‚¢‚­‚ç‚©˜A‘±“I‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ÍŠî–{“I‚Ésila‚·‚Ȃ킿“¹“¿“I�sˆ×‚Æ“¯‚¶‚Å‚·�BŽ©•ª‚Ì�s“®‚âƒXƒs�[ƒ`‚Í“¹“¿“I‚Å‚ ‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ�A‚‚܂èdasa akusala‚ð‚Å‚«‚邾‚¯�T‚¦‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

‚»‚ê‚ð‚ ‚é’ö“x’B�¬‚·‚邯�A“¹“¿“I‚È�s“®‚ª‚‚¢‚Ä‚­‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‰½‚©ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½‚±‚Æ‚ð‚µ‚æ‚¤‚Æ‚·‚邯�uŠ´‚¶‚é�v‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚‚܂è�A�uŠ´�ì�v‚³‚ê‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A�Å�‰‚͈ꎞ’âŽ~‚ð‚µ‚ÄŒ‹‰Ê‚ð�l‚¦‚é“w—Í‚ª•K—v‚Å‚·�B

�ň«‚Ì�áŠQ‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚¢‚Ä‚¨‚­‚Æ�Adhammānupassanā‚Ådhammā‚ðŠw‚Ñ�AŠ´�î�ivēdanēnupassanā�j‚É”½‰ž‚·‚é‚̂ł͂Ȃ­�AŽžŠÔ‚ð‚©‚¯‚ÄŒ‹‰Ê‚ð•]‰¿‚µ�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É‚­‚é•s“¹“¿‚È�l‚¦‚ÉŽ©‹C‚­�icittānupassanā�j‚±‚Æ‚ª“®“I‚É—eˆÕ‚ɂȂè‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A’iŠK“I‚ȃvƒ�ƒZƒX‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚Ì�i•à‚Í�AŽ©•ª‚Ì�s“®‚ÉŽ©�M‚𓾂é‚̂ɖ𗧂¿�AŠ´�î‚É”½‰ž‚·‚邾‚¯‚łȂ­�A–¾Šm‚È“ª‚Å�l‚¦‚é‚̂ɖ𗧂¿�A‚»‚ê‚ªŽŸ‚É—�‰ð‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚É–ð—§‚¿‚Ü‚·�B

 

Comprehension of Tilakkhana Will Accelerate Progress

10. The process of comprehension of Tilakkhana (anicca, dukkha, anatta) starts with kāyānupassanā but all four can be cultivated simultaneously. The Buddha stated that if one makes an all-out effort, Arahanthood can be attained in seven days. If one makes a less commitment, either Arahant or at least the Anāgāmi stage attained within seven years according to the Buddha.

Another deeper approach is discussed at, �gOrigin of Life.�h

 

Tilakkhana‚Ì—�‰ð‚Í�i•à‚ð‰Á‘¬‚µ‚Ü‚·

10.

Tilakkhana�ianicca�Adukkha�Aanatta�j‚Ì—�‰ð‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚Íkāyānupassanā‚ÅŽn‚Ü‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�A4‚‚·‚ׂĂ𓯎ž‚Ɉç�¬‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŽß‘¸‚Í�A‚à‚µ‘S—Í‚ð�s‚­‚·‚È‚ç�A޵“ú‚ŃAƒ‰ƒnƒ“‚Ì‹«’n‚ª’B�¬‚Å‚«‚邯�q‚ׂ܂µ‚½�Bƒuƒbƒ_‚É‚æ‚ê‚Î�AƒRƒ~ƒbƒgƒ�ƒ“ƒg‚ª’á‚¢�ê�‡�AƒAƒ‰ƒnƒ“�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚àAnāgāmi‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©‚̃Xƒe�[ƒW‚É7”NˆÈ“à‚É’B�¬‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

‚±‚̃vƒ�ƒZƒX‚ÌŠJŽn‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�ALiving Dhamma‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�Ú‚µ‚­�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•ʂ̂æ‚è�[‚¢ƒAƒvƒ��[ƒ`‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚Í�AOrigin of Life‚Å�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

Further Analyses

11. The phrase �gātāpī sampajānō, satimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�h has been analyzed by dividing into four components connected to viriya indriya, paññā indriya, sati indriya, and samādhi indriya in the �gLak­kha­ṇa­hā­ravi­bhaṅga�h of the Nettiprakarana (or p. 50 of the Nettiprakana (Sri Lanka Buddha Jayaṃthi edition):

�g..Tasmātiha tvaṃ bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharāhi ātāpī sampajānō satimā vineyya l­ōke abhij­jhā­dō­manas­saṃ�h. �gĀtāpī�hti vīriyindriyaṃ, �gsampajānō�hti paññindriyaṃ, �gsatimā�hti satindriyaṃ, �gvineyya lō­ke abhij­jhā­dō­manas­san�hti samādhindriyaṃ, evaṃ kāye kāyānupassinō viharato cattārō satipaṭṭhānā bhāva­nā­pāri­pūriṃ gacchanti.�h.

One sorts out �gsan�h with paññā, keep mindfulness with sati,  and make an effort (viriya) to stay away from �gbad san�h or dasa akusala, thus getting the mind to be free of abhijjā and dōmanassa and thus get to samādhi. And that should be done whenever possible, not only in formal meditation. Then one will be in samādhi all the time.

 

11.�uātāpī sampajānō�Asatimā vineyya lōke abhijjhā dōmanassam�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒtƒŒ�[ƒY‚Í�ANettiprakarana (or p. 50 of the Nettiprakana (Sri Lanka Buddha Jayaṃthi edition)‚Ìviriya indriya�Apaññā indriya�Asati indriya�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñsamādhi indriya‚Ì4‚‚̃Rƒ“ƒ|�[ƒlƒ“ƒg‚É•ªŠ„‚·‚邯•ª�Í‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

 

‚±‚±‚Å�uātāpī�v‚Íviriya indriya�Asampajānō‚Ípaññā indriya�Asatimā‚Ísati indriya�A�uvineyya lōke abhijjhā domanassan�v‚Ísamādhi indriya‚Å‚·�B

paññā‚Å�usan�v‚ð‘I•Ê‚µ�Asati‚Ń}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX‚ðˆÛŽ�‚µ�A�uˆ«‚¢san�v‚·‚Ȃ킿dasa akusala‚©‚ç—£‚ê‚邿‚¤‚É“w—Í‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å�Aabhijj₯dōmanassa‚©‚çƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð‰ð•ú‚µ�Asamādhi‚É“ž’B‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä‚»‚ê‚Í�A�³Ž®‚ÈáÒ‘z‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�A‰Â”\‚ÈŒÀ‚è�s‚í‚ê‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�B‚»‚¤‚·‚ê‚΂¢‚‚łàsamādhi‚É‚¢‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B

 

Connection to Dasa Akusala

12. Finally, kāyānupassanā basically tackles dasa akusala done with actions and speech (moving body parts), as we will see in the next section. The harder part comes with those done directly by the mind, especially micchā diṭṭhi or wrong views.

Next, �gSatipaṭṭhāna – Introduction�g, �c�c�c

 

 

12.�ÅŒã‚É�AŽŸ‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å�à–¾‚·‚邿‚¤‚É�Akāyactionsnupassanā‚ÍŠî–{“I‚É�AƒAƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ƃXƒs�[ƒ`�i‘̂̉“®•”•ª�j‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚édasa akusala‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚݂܂·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä’¼�Ú�s‚í‚ê‚é‚Ì‚ª‚æ‚è“‚¢•”•ª‚Å‚·�B“Á‚Émicchā diṭṭhi‚·‚Ȃ킿ŠÔˆá‚Á‚½Œ©‰ð‚Å‚·�B

Micchā diṭṭhi‚É‚Í2‚‚̃Œƒxƒ‹‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚Ü‚¸�A�¢‘­“I‚È”ª�³“¹‚ðŽÀ‘H‚·‚邱‚ƂŎæ‚è�œ‚©‚ꂽ10Ží—Þ‚Ìmicchādiṭṭhi�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚æ‚è�[‚¢ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚ÌŒë‚Á‚½Œ©‰ð‚Ì�œ‹Ž‚É‚Í�Aanicca�Adukkha�Aanatta‚Ì”cˆ¬‚ª”º‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Apaññā indriya�i’qŒd�j‚ª�d—v‚È–ðŠ„‚É‚È‚è‚Ü‚·�B4Ží—Þ‚·‚ׂĂÌanupassanā ‚©‚çŠJŽn‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚¾‚µ�Akāyānupassanā‚ª�ãŽè‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�A‘¼‚Ì3Ží—Þ‚Ìanupassanā‚à‚ ‚é’ö“x‚܂ňç�¬‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

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The Basics in Meditation

Revised August 17, 2019

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

1. Those who are doing breath meditation or �gwatching the stomach rise and fall�h know that it is relatively easy for some to calm the mind compared to others. Some cannot even keep a calm mind for more than a few minutes; distractions’�ˆÓŽU–Ÿ start �gpopping up.�h

2. Let us take the simile’¼šg of water well contaminated with all the rotten stuff fallen into it over many years; our minds have accumulated gunk over repeated births, not just in this life. When we are engaged in stressful day-to-day activities, those activities stir up the �ggunk,�h and the mind gets clouded; it is like taking a long pole and stirring the well water; the �ggunk�h at the bottom comes up.

3. When we are engaged in day-to-day activities, we see, hear, smell, taste, touch, and also think about all sorts of things; all these are �gexternal stirrers�h that make our minds look like whirlpools. All these gang up to get the mind to stress out and �gheat up.�h That is the tension that we feel in a busy day. We need to �gcool down�h; we need �gniveema.�h

4. However, if we have too much gunk (defilements), then our minds can be contaminated even without the aid of �ga stirrer.�h It is like an abandoned old well. It has dirty water, and one needs to REMOVE the existing dirty water first.

5. Thus it would be hard to achieve calmness even with breath meditation if one is actively engaged in the BIG EIGHT (unless one has had a lot of practice.

6. Getting rid of bad old habits and installing new good habits is a KEY in the meditation practice; we will talk about habits (�ggathi,�h which become �gāsavas�h over time) in more detail in the next section. Here are some basic ideas that would be helpful:

7. The primary formal meditation technique is in the next section. For those who need time to get rid of the BIG EIGHT, they can also monitor the progress by doing such formal meditation sessions. It is essential to realize that all defilements (bad habits) are removed only at the Arahant stage. So, there is no point in getting discouraged if it takes time to stop bad habits; the key is to make progress, and not to go backward.

Next, �gThe Second Level – Key to Purify the Mind�g, �c�c�c..

 

 

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The Second Level – Key to Purify the Mind

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

1. Let us go back to the example of the abandoned well. Now we have done a decent job of cleaning the dirty water that had been there for a long time, i.e., we have reduced at least some of the main immoral acts, the BIG EIGHT.

Now we need to make sure that things do not fall into the well while we try to make the water even more cleaner; if there is no barrier around it, when it rains mud water can fall into the well. As with the well, we need to make sure that we keep those BIG EIGHT out of our minds as much as possible. This is �esila�h (pronounced �gseela�h) or moral living.

 

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚̂͂¶‚ß‚Ì10‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî–{‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

Žc‚è‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚éáÒ‘z‚ÌŽå‘è‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB‚𓾂邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Ì11Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚Í‚±‚Ì�‡�˜‚ŃtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

1.•úŠü‚³‚ꂽˆäŒË‚Ì—á‚É–ß‚è‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B�¡�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í’·‚¢ŠÔ‚»‚±‚É‚ ‚Á‚½‰˜‚ꂽ�…‚ð‚«‚ê‚¢‚É‚·‚邯‚¢‚¤ŽdŽ–‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‚¢‚­‚‚©‚ÌŽå—v‚È•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚Å‚ ‚éƒrƒbƒOƒGƒCƒg‚ðŒ¸‚ç‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

•ŽŸ‚É�A�…‚ð‚³‚ç‚É‚«‚ê‚¢‚É‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A•¨‚ªˆäŒË‚É—Ž‚¿‚È‚¢‚悤‚É‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽüˆÍ‚É�á•Ç‚ª‚È‚¢�ê�‡�A‰J‚ª�~‚邯“D�…‚ªˆäŒË‚É—Ž‚¿‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BˆäŒË‚Æ“¯—l‚É�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í‚»‚ê‚ç‚Ìbig8‚ð‚Å‚«‚éŒÀ‚èƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É—¯‚߂Ȃ¢‚悤‚É‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�uƒV�[ƒ‰�v‚·‚Ȃ킿“¹“¿“I‚È�¶Šˆ‚Å‚·�B

 

2. In order to make sure that we will not drift back to the old ways, we need to cultivate moral mindfulness (�gsati�g): we need to be on the �glookout�h for any temptations to break the BIG EIGHT. But there is a catch that most people do not comprehend: bad habits and cravings or �ggathi/āsavas�h that we have are not only from this life, but possibly from previous lives as well.

2.ŒÃ‚¢‚â‚è•û‚É–ß‚ç‚È‚¢‚悤‚É‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í“¹“¿“I‚ȃ}ƒCƒ“ƒhƒtƒ‹ƒlƒX�i�uƒTƒeƒB�v�j‚ð”|‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚Ì�l‚ª—�‰ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‘厖‚È‚±‚Æ‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚鈫‚¢�Kе‚⊉–]�A‚Ü‚½‚Í�ugathi�«Œü/ āsavas”Ï”Y�v‚Í�A‚±‚Ì�l�¶‚¾‚¯‚łȂ­�A‚¨‚»‚ç‚­‘O�¢‚©‚ç‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

3. Again, we can use the old water well as an example: When we drained the water out of the well, the well starts filling up with water from underground fresh water oozing through cracks (from underground aquifers) which is pure.

However, if there is a of rotten stuff at the bottom of the well that had been there for a long time, then that pure water gets contaminated. Our bad habits (gathi/āsavas) are like the dirt at the bottom of the well.

 

3.ŒJ‚è•Ô‚µ‚Ü‚·‚ª�A—á‚Æ‚µ‚Č¢�…ˆäŒË‚ðŽg‚¢‚Ü‚·�BˆäŒË‚©‚ç�…‚ð”r�…‚·‚邯�AˆäŒË‚Í’n‰º‚Ì’W�…‚©‚ç‚Ì�…‚Å–ž‚½‚³‚êŽn‚߂܂·�B

•‚µ‚©‚µ�AˆäŒË‚Ì’ê‚É’·‚¢ŠÔ‚ ‚Á‚½•…‚Á‚½‚à‚Ì‚ª‚ ‚ê‚Î�A‚»‚Ì�ƒ�…‚͉˜�õ‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚̈«‚¢�Kе�igathi /āsavas�j‚Í�AˆäŒË‚Ì’ê‚Ì“y‚̂悤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B

 

4. The water in the above well will now look relatively more clear if it is undisturbed, i.e, when we let the water to settle down. This is effectively what we do in breath meditation or any such samatha meditation. When someone is abstaining from the BIG EIGHT, it is relatively easy to calm the mind by going to a quiet place, closing the eyes, and then focusing one object, say the breath.

If one takes a long pole and stir the well, those contaminants start coming up.

 

4.ˆäŒË‚Ì�…‚Ì�ã•”‚Í�A—�‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�ê�‡�A‚‚܂è�…‚ª�ÃŽ~‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A”äŠr“I–¾Šm‚ÉŒ©‚¦‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�AŒÄ‹záÒ‘z‚Ü‚½‚Í‚»‚̂悤‚ȃTƒ}ƒ^áÒ‘z‚ÅŒø‰Ê“I‚É�s‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B’N‚©‚ªBIG EIGHT‚ð�T‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A�©‚È�ê�Š‚É�s‚«�A–Ú‚ð•‚¶‚Ä‚©‚ç�A1‚‚̃IƒuƒWƒFƒNƒg�iŒÄ‹z‚È‚Ç�j‚Ì�Å“_‚ð�‡‚킹‚邱‚Æ‚Å�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð—Ž‚¿’…‚©‚¹‚邱‚Ƃ͔äŠr“IŠÈ’P‚Å‚·�B

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•‚±‚±‚ʼn½‚ª‹N‚±‚é‚©‚Í�A5‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚ª—}�§‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚ê‚Í•…‚Á‚½‚à‚Ì‚ªˆäŒË‚Ì’ê‚Ɏז‚‚³‚ꂸ‚ɕۊǂ³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邿‚¤‚È‚à‚̂ł·�B

•’·‚¢ƒ|�[ƒ‹‚ðŽæ‚è�AˆäŒË‚ð‚©‚«‰ñ‚·‚Æ�A‚±‚ê‚ç‚̉˜�õ•¨Ž¿‚ªŒ»‚êŽn‚߂܂·�B

 

5. In the same way, when someone comes out of the quiet place, one gets �gdisturbed�h with external sense stimuli (i.e., when a particularly strong sense object is presented). For someone with a lot of lust, it could be a picture of an attractive person. If someone has a lot of hate towards another, then hateful thoughts can come to the surface just by someone mentioning that person�fs name.

This is why people who have a very calm and peaceful experience at a meditation resort come back to regular hectic�Á–Õ life and see that experience fade away gradually. That is because it WAS a temporary solution. What we have in mind here is a more permanent solution. But this approach takes a bit more time.

 

5.“¯—l‚É�A’N‚©‚ª�©‚È�ê�Š‚©‚ç�o‚Ä‚«‚½‚Æ‚«�A�l‚ÍŠO•”Š´ŠoŽhŒƒ‚Å�uŽ×–‚�v‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�i‚‚܂è�A“Á‚É‹­‚¢Š´ŠoƒIƒuƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ª’ñަ‚³‚ꂽ‚Æ‚«�j�B—~–]‚Ì‘½‚¢�l‚ɂƂÁ‚Ä‚Í�A–£—Í“I‚È�l‚ÌŽÊ�^‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B’N‚©‚ª‘¼‚Ì�l‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‘½‚­‚Ì‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚ð•ø‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚Ì�l‚Ì–¼‘O‚ÉŒ¾‹y‚·‚邾‚¯‚Å‘ž‚µ‚݂ɖž‚¿‚½�l‚¦‚ª•‚‚©‚Ñ�オ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

•‚±‚Ì�u•\–ʂ֖A—§‚Ä‚ç‚ꂽˆ«‚¢‚à‚Ì�v‚Í�uanusaya”Ï”Y�v‚ƌĂ΂ê‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚̂悤‚ȃAƒkƒTƒ„‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é‚É‚Í�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚̃KƒeƒB/ƒA�[ƒTƒo‚ð�i�™�X‚É�jŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

•‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì—pŒê‚Í�A�uƒKƒeƒB�iƒKƒeƒB�j�AƒAƒkƒTƒ„�A�v‚Å�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•‚±‚ꂪ�AáÒ‘zƒŠƒ]�[ƒg‚Å”ñ�í‚ɉ¸‚â‚©‚Å•½˜a‚ȑ̌±‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�l�X‚ª’Ê�í‚Ì‘½–Z‚È�Á”ï�¶Šˆ‚É–ß‚è�A‚»‚̑̌±‚ª�™�X‚É�Á‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚­‚Ì‚ðŒ©‚é—�—R‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚͈ꎞ“I‚ȉðŒˆ�ô‚¾‚Á‚½‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B‚±‚±‚Å”O“ª‚É’u‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í�A‚æ‚è‰i‘±“I‚ȃ\ƒŠƒ…�[ƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚±‚̃Aƒvƒ��[ƒ`‚É‚Í‚à‚¤�­‚µŽžŠÔ‚ª‚©‚©‚è‚Ü‚·�B

5. So, how do we really clean the well? It is not enough to let the gunk to sink back to the bottom; we need to remove the gunk that has accumulated at the bottom of the well. There could even be toxic things down there. Thus it takes an effort to remove all those. Once those are removed, there is nothing down there that can contaminate the fresh water coming out. When the well fills up we only need to make sure that things do not fall back in to contaminate the well.

 

5.‚Å‚Í�A‚ǂ̂悤‚ɈäŒË‚ð–{“–‚É‚«‚ê‚¢‚É‚·‚é‚̂łµ‚傤‚©�Hƒlƒoƒlƒo‚µ‚½‚à‚Ì‚ð’ê‚É’¾‚Ü‚¹‚邾‚¯‚ł͕s�\•ª‚Å‚·�BˆäŒË‚Ì’ê‚É—­‚Ü‚Á‚½ƒlƒoƒlƒo‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚±‚ɂ͗L“łȂà‚Ì‚³‚¦‚ ‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚·‚ׂĂð�í�œ‚·‚é‚ɂ͓w—Í‚ª•K—v‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚炪�œ‹Ž‚³‚ê‚邯�A�o‚Ä‚­‚é�V‘N‚È�…‚ð‰˜�õ‚·‚é‰Â”\�«‚Ì‚ ‚é‚à‚͉̂½‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BˆäŒË‚ª‚¢‚Á‚Ï‚¢‚ɂȂÁ‚½‚ç�A•¨‚ª—Ž‚¿‚ĈäŒË‚ð‰˜�õ‚µ‚È‚¢‚悤‚É‚·‚邾‚¯‚Å‚·�B

•“¯—l‚É�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ªƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Å‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚Í�A–³�”‚Ì‰ß‹Ž‚Ì�l�¶‚ɂ킽‚Á‚Ä’~�Ï‚³‚ê�A‚±‚Ì�l�¶‚Å‹­‰»‚³‚ê‚Ä‚«‚½ˆ«‚¢�Kе�igathi /āsavas�j‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚ª‚ ‚ê‚Î�A‚»‚Ì‘ž‚µ‚݂͊ȒP‚Ɉø‚«‹N‚±‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ꂪ�Aˆê•”‚Ì�l�X‚ª‘¼‚Ì�l�X‚æ‚è‚à�uŒƒ“{�@ƒtƒŒƒAƒAƒbƒv�v‚ð‹N‚±‚µ‚â‚·‚¢—�—R‚Å‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ª‹É’[‚È—~‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚È‚ç‚Î�A6‚‚̊´Šo‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©‚ð’Ê‚µ‚ÄŠ´Šo‚ð–ž‘«‚³‚¹‚邽‚߂ɕs“¹“¿‚È�s“®‚·‚邿‚¤‚ÉŠÈ’P‚É—U˜f‚³‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

•Žå—v‚È‚à‚̂͗~‚Æ‘ž‚µ‚݂ł·‚ª�A�”‚¦�Ø‚ê‚È‚¢�”‚Ì‘g‚Ý�‡‚킹‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�iavija–³’m‚ðŠÜ‚ß‚é‚Ì‚Å�j�B‚¾‚©‚炱‚»�A�”‚¦�Ø‚ê‚È‚¢‚Ù‚Ç‚Ì�”‚Ì�Kе/�«Ši/ŒXŒü‚ªŠeŽ©‚ÉŒ©‚ç‚ê‚é‚̂ł·�B“¯‚¶‘oŽq‚Å‚ ‚Á‚Ä‚à�A“¯‚¶‚悤‚È“ñ�l‚Í‚¢‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

5. Looking at the five hindrances, the main culprits are of course, greed, hate, and vicikicca (the particular set of things one has a liking for, which can be things liked or disliked). The other two help bring out these: the �glazy mind�h will not take any effort to suppress bad thoughts; the �gdispersed mind�h is too dispersed to be focused, to think clearly. All these are intimately connected to the habits (gathi/āsavas).

 

 

5. 5‚‚Ì�áŠQ‚ðŒ©‚é‚Æ�AŽå‚ÈŒ´ˆö‚Í‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�AæÃ—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�Avicikicca�i�D‚«‚È‚à‚Ì�AŒ™‚¢‚È‚à‚̂ȂÇ�j‚Å‚·�B‘¼‚Ì2‚‚͂±‚ê‚ç‚ðˆø‚«�o‚·‚̂ɖ𗧂¿‚Ü‚·�B�u‘ӑĂȃ}ƒCƒ“ƒh�v‚͈«‚¢�l‚¦‚ð—}‚¦‚é“w—Í‚ð‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B �u•ªŽU‚µ‚½ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh�v‚Í‚ ‚Ü‚è‚É‚à•ªŽU‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚ß�A–¾Šm‚É�l‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚É�W’†‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í‚·‚ׂÄ�A�Kе�igathi /āsavas�j‚Æ–§�Ú‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Å�Agathi /āsavas‚ð‚·‚×‚Ä�í�œ‚Å‚«‚邯�Aƒjƒ”ƒ@�[ƒi‚É“ž’B‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŽß‘¸‚̓uƒbƒ_‚Ì‹«’n‚É’B‚·‚é’¼‘O‚É�uāsavakkhaya�@nana�v‚ðŽÀŒ»‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�B āsavakkhaya‚Í�uāsava”Ï”Y�v+�ukhaya�œ‹Ž�v‚·‚Ȃ킿”Ï”Y‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�B �ukhaya�v‚Æ‚Í�usan�v‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�B

•‚±‚±‚Å‚Í�AŠÈ’P‚É�œ‹Ž‚Å‚«‚é‚Ù‚Ç‹­—͂ł͂Ȃ¢�Kе‚ð‚¢‚­‚‚©�í�œ‚µ�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‘å‚«‚È�Kе‚ðŒ¸‚ç‚µ‚Ü‚·�B—Ç‚¢ƒjƒ…�[ƒX‚Í�A�¬‚³‚Ȉ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚©�A‘å‚«‚È�Kе‚Ì�[��‚³‚ðŒyŒ¸‚·‚邽‚Ñ‚É�AˆÀ�SŠ´‚Ü‚½‚Í�uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚·‚Ȃ킿�univeema�v‚ð‘ÌŒ±‚Å‚«‚邱‚Ƃł·�B �uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚ðŒoŒ±‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе‚⊉–]‚ð‚·‚×‚ÄŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

6. After making a commitment to abstain from the BIG EIGHT as much as possible, we need to sort out our bad habits.

 

6.‰Â”\‚ÈŒÀ‚èBIG EIGHT‚ð�T‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ðŒˆ�S‚µ‚½Œã�Aˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ð�®—�‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

•�ã•”‚É‚Í�¬‚³‚È‚à‚Ì‚ð�A‰º•”‚ÉŒü‚©‚Á‚Ä‚æ‚è�[��‚È‚à‚Ì‚ðŠÜ‚ÞƒŠƒXƒg‚ð�ì�¬‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÍŠF�A—~‚Æ‘ž‚µ‚Ý‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚Í�u‘å‚«‚È‚à‚Ì�v‚Å‚·�B‚±‚±‚Å�s‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Í�AŠÈ’P‚ÉŽ¯•ʉ”\‚È�¬‚³‚Ȉ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Î�A”š”­“I‚È‹C�«�A‚¯‚¿�AŠ´Šo‚ÌŠy‚µ‚³‚ð‹�‚ß‚·‚¬‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�i‚‚܂è�AƒAƒ‹ƒR�[ƒ‹�A–ò•¨�A‚³‚ç‚ɂ͉ߓx‚Ì�HŽ–‚Ɉˑ¶‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�j�B

•ˆê”Ô�ã‚É‚ ‚é‚à‚Ì�iŠÈ’P‚È‚à‚Ì�j‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ª�d—v‚Å‚ ‚è�A‚»‚ꂪŒp‘±‚·‚éƒCƒ“ƒZƒ“ƒeƒBƒu�i“®‹@�AŽhŒƒ�j‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚·‚®‚ɑ傫‚È‚à‚̂Ɏæ‚è‘g‚à‚¤‚Æ‚·‚邯�A—Ž’_‚µ�A‘S‚Ă̓w—Í‚ð‚ ‚«‚ç‚߂邩‚à‚µ‚ê‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

 

 

7. Of course, focusing on the BIG EIGHT is very important. If one is engaging in killing animals for pleasure (e. g., fishing), then that needs to be stopped if one is serious about meditation. If one is making a living by stealing from others, that needs to be stopped. If one is engaged in sexual activities with other married people, that needs to be stopped, etc.

 

7.‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�ABIG EIGHT‚É’�–Ú‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͔ñ�í‚É�d—v‚Å‚·�BŠì‚т̂½‚߂ɓ®•¨‚ðŽE‚·‚±‚Æ‚É�]Ž–‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�i—Ⴆ‚Î�A’Þ‚è�j�AáÒ‘z‚É�^Œ•‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚é‚È‚ç�A‚»‚ê‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‘¼�l‚©‚牽‚©‚ð“�‚ñ‚Å�¶Œv‚𗧂ĂĂ¢‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚ê‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‘¼‚ÌŠù�¥ŽÒ‚Æ�«“IŠˆ“®‚ð‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚ê‚ðŽ~‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚È‚Ç�B

•‚±‚ê‚ç‚à�펯“I‚È‚à‚̂ł·�BŽ©•ª‚Ì�s“®‚ðŒ©‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚ªŽ©•ªŽ©�g‚¨‚æ‚Ñ/‚Ü‚½‚Í‘¼‚Ì�l‚ÉŠQ‚ð‹y‚Ú‚·‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚é�ê�‡�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�s“®‚ð�Å�‰‚ÉŒ¸‚炵�A�Å�I“I‚É’âŽ~‚·‚é•û–@‚ð�^Œ•‚É�l‚¦Žn‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

8. There are several posts on habits and gathi/āsavas; you may want to find and read them. And contemplate on those ideas. An English discourse on this topic is given in the post, �gHow Are Gati and Kilesa Incorporated into Thoughts?�g.

 

8.�Kе‚Ægathi/āsavas‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒgƒsƒbƒN‚ª‚¢‚­‚‚©‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ê‚ç‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯‚ēǂނ±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ê‚ç‚Ì�l‚¦•û‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�n�l‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‰pŒê‚Ì’k˜b‚Í�A�ugathi/āsavas‚͂ǂ̂悤‚ÉŽv�l‚É‘g‚Ý�ž‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©�H�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤“à—e‚ª�à–¾‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B

•�Å�‰‚É‹­’²‚µ‚½‚悤‚É�A“w—Í‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽß‘¸‚Å‚³‚¦“¹‚ðŽ¦‚·‚±‚Æ‚µ‚©‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚Å‚µ‚½�B”Þ‚ª’ñˆÄ‚µ‚½‚±‚Æ‚ðŒŸ�Ø‚µ�A‚»‚ê‚炪”[“¾‚Å‚«‚é‚Ü‚Å�n�l‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚¤‚·‚ê‚Î�A�¬‚³‚È‚à‚̂ł ‚Á‚Ä‚à—˜‰v‚ªŒ©‚ç‚ê‚邿‚¤‚É‚È‚é‚Æ�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Í�u“¹�v‚ð•à‚«Žn‚߂܂·�B

•�d—v‚Ȃ̂Í�AŠJŽn‚·‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚³‚ç‚É�i‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚­‚½‚߂̔R—¿‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚·‚é�¬‚³‚È–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚È‚ª‚ç�B

 

 

9. One could and should use the �gfour bases of mental power (satara iddhipāda)�h in accomplishing these goals. Tackle one goal at a time. As you accomplish more and more goals, the iddhipādaˆÓޝ‚Ì—Í (chanda, citta, viriya, vimansa) will grow as well. These are the critical factors that the yogis used to cultivate mundane�¢‘­‚Ì (anāriya) jhānas and gain extraordinary mental powers too.

Chanda is the desire to achieve the goal. Citta is the determination one makes and the viriya is the effort that one puts in to get it done. Vimansa is careful examination of the benefits of breaking the habit and the possible repercussions‰e‹¿ of keeping the habit. As the four iddhipāda grow (with accomplishment of more and more goals), the vimansa faculty”\—Í grows in particular; this is a facet of wisdom (panna).

 

9.‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A�uƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹—Í‚Ì4‚‚̊î”Õ�isataraiddhipāda�j�v‚ðŽg—p‚·‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�Bˆê“x‚É1‚‚̖ڕW‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚Þ�B‚ ‚È‚½‚ª‚Ü‚·‚Ü‚·‘½‚­‚Ì–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�Aiddhipāda basis of psychic power�D�ichanda�Acitta�Aviriya�Avimansa�j‚à“¯—l‚É�¬’·‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í�AƒˆƒM‚ª�¢‘­‚̃Wƒƒƒi‚ðˆç‚Ä�A•ÀŠO‚ꂽƒ�ƒ“ƒ^ƒ‹—͂𓾂邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚µ‚½�d—v‚È—vˆö‚Å‚·�B

•ƒ`ƒƒƒ“ƒ_‚Ƃ͖ڕW‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚½‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤Šè–]‚Å‚·�Bƒ`ƒbƒ^‚Í�l‚ÌŒˆ’f‚Å‚ ‚è�AƒrƒŠƒ„‚Í�l‚ª‚»‚ê‚ð�¬‚µ�‹‚°‚邽‚߂ɒ�‚®“w—͂ł·�Bƒ”ƒBƒ}ƒ“ƒT‚Í�A�Kе‚ð‰ó‚·‚±‚Ƃ̗˜“_‚Æ�A�Kе‚ðˆÛŽ�‚·‚邱‚Ƃ̉e‹¿‚ð’�ˆÓ�[‚­’²‚ׂ܂·�B 4‚‚Ìiddhipāda‚ª�¬’·‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚Ä�i‚æ‚葽‚­‚Ì–Ú•W‚ð’B�¬‚µ‚Ä�j�Avimansa‚Ì”\—͓͂Á‚É�¬’·‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í’qŒd�iƒpƒ“ƒjƒƒ�j‚̈ê–ʂł·�B

 

 

Žl�_‘«�iŽl”@ˆÓ‘«�j�@�@�@Žl‚‚̎©�Ý—Í�@�@�@�@

Iddhipada�@�@"power"  (iddhi) �{ "base,"  (pāda)�@�@�@“y‘ä‚̃pƒ��[

Vimansa�@�@�@ŠÏ�_‘«�@�@�@

ŽvˆÒ�i‚·‚®‚ꂽáÒ‘z‚𓾂悤‚Æ’qŒd‚ð‚à‚Á‚ÄŽvˆÒŠÏŽ@‚·‚é�j�@�@�@•\–Ê‚ð•ª‰ð‚µ‚Ä‰œ‚Ö�i‚Þ

 

 

10. In trying to remove any bad habit, it is essential to look at the negative repercussions or bad consequences (called ādeenava or ādinava) from that activity. Let us take the bad habit of getting into a rage as an example:

Even worse are the samsāric consequences: If rage becomes a dominant characteristic of one�fs personality, it is possible that this is what will be grasped at the moment of death and a birth of a �gsimilar kind�h could result, i.e., birth in a burning hell (this is the principle of ).

 

10.ˆ«‚¢�Kе‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚±‚¤‚Æ‚·‚邯‚«�A‚»‚ÌŠˆ“®‚©‚ç‚̔ےè“I‚ȉe‹¿‚∫‚¢Œ‹‰Ê�iādeenava or ādinava�j‚É’�–Ú‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª•s‰ÂŒ‡‚Å‚·�B—á‚Æ‚µ‚Ä“{‚è‚Ɋׂ鈫‚¢�Kе‚ð�l‚¦‚Ă݂܂µ‚傤�B

•“{‚è‚Ì�uŠÔ‚É�u”M‚­‚È‚é�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤•s‰õ‚È‹CŽ�‚¿‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�l‚¦‚Ä‚­‚¾‚³‚¢�B‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñ�A“{‚è‚Ì�uŠÔ‚ÉŽÀ�Û‚É‚»‚ê‚ðŠy‚µ‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‹É’[‚È�ê�‡�A‚±‚ꂪ�A�l‚ð�”‰ñŽh‚·‚Ì‚É�\•ª‚Ȃ̂É30〜40‚ÌŽh‚µ��‚ÅŽ€‚ñ‚¾�l‚ª‚¢‚é—�—R‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ꂪ“{‚è‚̊댯�«‚Å‚·�BŒã‚ɂȂÁ‚Ä‹C•ª‚ªˆ«‚­‚È‚è‚Ü‚·‚ª�AŽè’x‚ê‚Å‚·�B

•‚³‚ç‚Ɉ«‚¢‚Ì‚Í�Asamsāric—Ö‰ô‚ÌŠÖŒW�«‚Å‚·�B“{‚肪�lŠi‚ÌŽx”z“I‚È“Á’¥‚ɂȂé�ê�‡�A‚±‚ê‚ªŽ€‚Ì�uŠÔ‚É”cˆ¬‚³‚ê‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A�u—ÞŽ—‚ÌŽí—Þ�v‚Ì’a�¶�A‚·‚Ȃ킿�A”R‚¦‚é’n�–�i‚±‚ê‚Ípaticca samuppāda: �gpati+ichcha�h leading to �gsama+uppāda�h‚ÌŒ´—�‚Å‚·�j�B

 

 

11. Let us take a few examples to see how some bad habits can be tackled:

Alcohol or cigarette addiction is another example. Instead of trying to stop such a habit �gcold turkey�h, it is better to cut down gradually. But one MUST have the discipline (the importance of cultivating the iddhipāda comes here) to stick to the plan, and not go back. It also helps to find a replacement activity at that time (taking a less potent drink or chewing a gum, etc). One of the four iddhipāda that is essential here is citta or determination.

 

11.‚¢‚­‚‚©‚̈«‚¢—á‚ɂǂ̂悤‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚©‚ðŒ©‚é‚½‚߂ɂ¢‚­‚‚©‚Ì—á‚ð‹“‚°‚Ü‚µ‚傤�B

•‘½‚­‚Ì�l�X‚Í�A‹C�«‚ªˆ«‚­�i‘ž‚µ‚݂ɔ­“W‚·‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�j�A‚»‚ê‚Ívyāpāda�uáÑ�v�uˆ«ŠQ�v‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Ísamsāric‚Ì�Kе‚Å‚ ‚è�A‘¼‚Ì‘½‚­‚Ì�Kе‚Ƃ͈قȂè�A‚±‚ê‚̓Cƒ“ƒvƒbƒg‚³‚ꂽ‚Æ‚«‚É�§Œä‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�¢“ï‚Å‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A“{‚肪‚È‚­‚È‚Á‚½‚Æ‚«‚É‘Î�ˆ‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é‚à‚̂ł·�B�Å�‚‚Ì‘Î�ˆ–@‚Í�Amettābhāvanā‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚ÌŒã‚Åāriyamettābhāvanā‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�¡‚̂Ƃ±‚ë�A–Ú‚ð•‚¶‚Ä�A�u‚·‚ׂĂÌ�¶‚«•¨‚ª‹ê‚µ‚Ý�A•a‹C�A“{‚è‚©‚ç‰ð•ú‚³‚ê�A�K‚¹‚ɂȂê‚Ü‚·‚悤‚É�v‚Æ�S‚©‚猾‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B—Ç‚­‚È‚¢ŠÖŒW‚Ì“Á’è‚Ì�l‚ª‚¢‚é�ê�‡‚É‚Í�A‚»‚Ì�l‚Ì–¼‘O‚ÅŒJ‚è•Ô‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚Ì�l‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚É‚ ‚é“{‚è‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚ª�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÍŽ©•ª‚Ì’†‚Ì“{‚è‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ð1“ú‚É2�A3‰ñ�s‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�½ŽÀ‚É�s‚¤‚Æ�AŒ‹‰Ê‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚·�i‚ ‚È‚½‚̓}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì•½˜a‚𓾂邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�j�B

•‚ ‚È‚½‚ªŠ´Šo‚ÌŠì‚Ñ‚ð—~‚·‚é�l‚Å‚ ‚é‚È‚ç�i•K—v‚¾‚ÆŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚킯‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�j�A‚ ‚È‚½‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Í‚»‚̂悤‚È‚±‚Æ‚ð•p”ɂɋ�‚߂Ă¢‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚»‚̂悤‚ÈŠˆ“®‚ð�팸‚µ�A‚æ‚葽‚­‚Ì—^‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚ð‚µ‚æ‚¤‚Æ‚µ‚Ü‚·�BŽœ‘P’c‘̂Ɋñ•t‚µ�Aƒz�[ƒ€ƒŒƒX‚Ì�l‚É�”ƒhƒ‹‚ðŠñ•t‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚ç‚Í‚·‚ׂĂ ‚È‚½‚Ì‹C•ª‚ð—Ç‚­‚·‚é‚Å‚µ‚傤�B‚±‚ê‚Ípiti�iƒVƒ“ƒnƒ‰Œê‚Å�upreethi�v‚Ü‚½‚ÍŠì‚Ñ�j‚ƌĂ΂ê‚Ü‚·�B

•‚Ü‚½�A�l�¶‚ðŠÈ‘f‰»‚·‚邯�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì•‰’S‚ªŒ¸‚è�AŠ´Šo‚ÌŠì‚тƂ͈قȂéŽí—Þ‚ÌŠì‚Ñ‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ꂪ�univeema�v�ucool down�v�A�unirāmisa sukha�v‚Å‚·�B

•ƒAƒ‹ƒR�[ƒ‹‚Ü‚½‚̓^ƒoƒR’†“ł͕ʂ̃P�[ƒX‚Å‚·�B‚±‚̂悤‚È�gcold turkey�h‚Ì�Kе‚ð‚â‚߂悤‚Æ‚·‚é‘ã‚í‚è‚É�A�™�X‚ÉŒ¸‚ç‚·‚±‚Æ‚ð‚¨Š©‚ß‚µ‚Ü‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�AŒv‰æ‚ð�‹�s‚µ�AŒ³‚É–ß‚ç‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤‹K—¥�iiddhipāda‚̈ç�¬‚ª‚±‚±‚Å–ð—§‚¿‚Ü‚·�j‚ðŽ�‚½‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃè‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚Ü‚½�A‚»‚ÌŽž“_‚Å‘ã‘ÖŠˆ“®‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯‚邱‚Ƃ͖𗧂¿‚Ü‚·�i‚ ‚Ü‚èŒø‚©‚È‚¢ˆù‚Ý•¨‚ðˆù‚ñ‚¾‚è�AƒKƒ€‚ðŠš‚Þ‚È‚Ç�j�B‚±‚±‚Å•s‰ÂŒ‡‚È4‚‚Ìiddhipāda‚Ì1‚‚Ícitta‚Ü‚½‚ÍŒˆ�S—͂ł·�B

 

12. Now we are at a point where I can introduce the real ānāpānasati bhāvanā that was described by the Buddha.

Next, �gWhat do all these Different Meditation Techniques Mean?�g, �c�c.

 

12.�¡�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í�Aƒuƒbƒ_‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‹L�q‚³‚ꂽ–{•¨‚̃A�[ƒi�[ƒp�[ƒi�[ƒTƒeƒBáÒ‘z‚ð�Љî‚Å‚«‚é’iŠK‚É‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

 

What Do All These Different Meditation Techniques Mean?

The top 10 posts in this section describe the fundamentals of Buddhist meditation. The rest of the posts in this section are on possible meditation subjects and can be used to clarify unresolved questions, and to gain samādhi. The first 11 posts should be followed in that order, at least initially.

 

‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚̂͂¶‚ß‚Ì10‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Å‚Í�A•§‹³‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ÌŠî–{‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä�à–¾‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚̃ZƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“‚ÌŽc‚è‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�l‚¦‚ç‚ê‚éáÒ‘z‚ÌŽå‘è‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‚à‚̂ł ‚è�A–¢‰ðŒˆ‚ÌŽ¿–â‚𖾊m‚É‚µ�AƒTƒ}�[ƒfƒB‚𓾂邽‚߂Ɏg—p‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�Å�‰‚Ì11Œ�‚̃gƒsƒbƒN‚Í�A�­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à�Å�‰‚Í‚±‚Ì�‡�˜‚ŃtƒHƒ��[‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B

 

1. Buddha Dhamma is focused on purifying the mind of greed, hatred, and ignorance. A pure mind does not attach to even a trace of material form and has attained Nibbāna. As the mind is purified, it gains nirāmisa sukha which can be experienced at various levels  from the beginning. If one can �gstick to�h this program for a couple of months, and then one can look back and see the change in oneself; one should have a more peaceful, quiet mind that has �gcooled down�h.

These three misconceptions of nicca, sukha, atta are the three culprits that keep us bound to �gthis world�h of 31 realms, i.e., bound to the endless rebirth process in sansara. What the Buddha showed was that the actual reality of �gthis world�h is described by the three characteristics of anicca, dukkha, anatta: No matter how hard we try, we cannot maintain things to our satisfaction in the long term (anicca), thus we get distraught (dukkha), and thus we are not in control (anatta).

 

1.•§–@‚Í�AæÃ—~�A‘žˆ«�A–³’m‚̃}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚邱‚Æ‚É�Å“_‚ð�‡‚킹‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·�B�ƒ�ˆ‚ȃ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Í•¨Ž¿“I‚ÈŒ`‚Ì�­�Õ‚³‚¦‚Æ‚àŒ‹‚т‚©‚¸�Aƒjƒo�[ƒi‚ÉŽŠ‚è‚Ü‚·�Bƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ª�ò‰»‚³‚ê‚邯�A�Å�‰‚©‚炳‚Ü‚´‚܂ȃŒƒxƒ‹‚ÅŒoŒ±‚Å‚«‚énirāmisa�@sukha‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚·�B�”‚©ŒŽŠÔ‚±‚̃vƒ�ƒOƒ‰ƒ€‚É�u‚±‚¾‚í‚é�v‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚½‚ç�A�U‚è•Ô‚Á‚ÄŽ©•ª‚̕ω»‚ðŒ©‚é‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B �uƒN�[ƒ‹ƒ_ƒEƒ“�v‚µ‚½�A‚æ‚蕽˜a‚Å�©‚ȃ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ðŽ�‚‚ׂ«‚Å‚·�B

•‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE�i31ŠE�j‚Ì•¨‚ÍŽ©•ª‚Ì–ž‘«�A‚‚܂ènicca‚Ì’mŠo‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ĉێ�‚Å‚«‚邯‚¢‚¤Œë‰ð‚ðŽ�‚Á‚Ä�u‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚Ì•¨�v‚ÉŽ·’…‚·‚邽‚ß�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Í•s�ƒ‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�Aˆê”Ê“I‚È�l‚¦•û‚Í�A‰½‚ç‚©‚ÌŽè’i‚ð�Ì—p‚·‚邱‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�K•Ÿ�isukha�j‚ð’B�¬‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邯‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃł·�B‚»‚µ‚Ä�A‚»‚ꂪ’B�¬‚³‚ê‚邯�A‚»‚ê‚ðˆÛŽ�‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é‚Ì‚Å�A�l‚ÍŽ©•ª‚Ì–â‘è‚ðŠ®‘S‚É�§Œä‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�iatta�j�B

•nicca�Asukha�Aatta‚Ì‚±‚ê‚ç3‚‚̌ë‰ð‚Í�A31‚̗̈æ‚Ì�u‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE�v�A‚‚܂è�AƒTƒ“ƒTƒ‰‚Ì–³ŒÀ‚Ì�Ä�¶ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚É”›‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é3‚‚̔Æ�l‚Å‚·�BŽß‘¸‚ªŽ¦‚µ‚½‚Ì‚Í�A�u‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE�v‚ÌŽÀ�Û‚ÌŒ»ŽÀ‚Í�Aanicca, dukkha, anatta ‚Ì3‚‚̓Á�«‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‹L�q‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Ƃł·�B‚Ç‚ñ‚ȂɈê�¶Œœ–½“w—Í‚µ‚Ä‚à�A’·Šú“I‚É–ž‘«‚É•¨‚ðˆÛŽ�‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÍŽæ‚è—�‚µ�idukkha�j�A‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚̓Rƒ“ƒgƒ��[ƒ‹‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�ianatta�j�B

2. I am NOT saying that one should not work hard to get educated and get a good job. That MUST be done; one cannot have a peace of mind if one is hungry and homeless. But we also need to be aware of the FACT that all mundane achievements are temporary; even if we get a live this life without a major catastrophe, we have to leave all behind when we die.

The following is a logical  sequence for meditation:

 

2.‹³ˆç‚ðŽó‚¯‚Ä—Ç‚¢ŽdŽ–‚𓾂邽‚߂Ɉê�¶Œœ–½‚É“w—Í‚·‚ׂ«‚ł͂Ȃ¢‚ÆŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚̂ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚»‚ê‚Í‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢‚±‚Ƃł·�B‹ó• ‚Ńz�[ƒ€ƒŒƒX‚ł͈À�S‚Ȃǂł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚µ‚©‚µ�A‚·‚ׂĂ̌»�¢‚Ì�¬‰Ê‚͈ꎞ“I‚È‚à‚̂ł ‚邯‚¢‚¤Ž–ŽÀ‚ð”Fޝ‚·‚é•K—v‚à‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚½‚Æ‚¦‘å�ЊQ‚ð‹N‚±‚³‚¸‚É‚±‚Ì�l�¶‚ð�¶‚«‚½‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚à�AŽ„‚½‚¿‚Í‚·‚ׂĂðŽc‚µ‚ÄŽ€‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚©‚˂΂Ȃè‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B

•nicca�Asukha�Aatta‚ÌŒë‚Á‚½”Fޝ‚Ì‚½‚ß‚É�A—~�A‘ž‚µ‚Ý�A–³’m‚Å�s“®‚µ�Aƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð•s�ƒ‚É‚µ‚Ü‚·�BˆêŽž“I‚È–ž‘«‚𓾂邽‚߂ɕs“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ð‚·‚é‚±‚Æ‚ð‚¢‚Æ‚í‚È‚¢‚Ì‚Í�A‚»‚̂悤‚È�sˆ×‚̈«‚¢Œ‹‰Ê‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B‚µ‚©‚µ�AŒ»ŽÀ�A‚·‚Ȃ킿anicca, dukkha, anatta‚ð–{“–‚É—�‰ð‚·‚邯�A‚»‚̂悤‚È•s“¹“¿‚È�sˆ×‚ð‹­�§“I‚É�s‚¤‚±‚Ƃ͎©“®“I‚É–W‚°‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

•‚»‚Ì’iŠK‚É“ž’B‚·‚é‚É‚Í�A�u‘P‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚ê‚é�v‚Æ�uˆ«‚ð‹‘”Û‚·‚é�v‚悤‚Ƀ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð’b‚¦‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃè‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B�Kе‚ð•Ï‚¦‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è�A‚±‚ê‚ÍŠî–{“I‚ɃA�[ƒi�[ƒp�[ƒi�[ƒTƒeƒBáÒ‘z‚Å�s‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

ˆÈ‰º‚Í�AáÒ‘z‚̘_—�“I‚Ȉö‰ÊŠÖŒW‚Å‚·�B

 

3. First one needs to sort out what is good and what is bad, and the consequences of good and bad actions. This is why the vision, sammā ditthi, comes first in the Noble Eightfold Path, and this is done by �gsorting out the good from the bad�h.

 

3.�Å�‰‚É�A‰½‚ª—Ç‚¢‚Ì‚©�A‰½‚ªˆ«‚¢‚Ì‚©�A‚»‚µ‚Ä—Ç‚¢�s“®‚ƈ«‚¢�s“®‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ð�®—�‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚¾‚©‚炱‚»�AƒrƒWƒ‡ƒ“�Asammāditthi�³Œ©‚ª”ª�³“¹‚Ì�Å�‰‚É“o�ꂵ‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A�u‘P‚©‚爫‚ð‘I•Ê‚·‚é�v‚±‚Ƃɂæ‚Á‚Ä�s‚í‚ê‚Ü‚·�B

•Vipassanā�i�uvi�v‚Í•À‚בւ¦�A�upassa�v‚Í”jŠü‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�j‚¨‚æ‚Ñvidassanā�ivi + dassana‚Í–¾Šm‚ȃrƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚É‚æ‚é•À‚בւ¦‚ðˆÓ–¡�j“¯‚¶‚±‚Ƃł·�B

•§–@‚ð—�‰ð‚µ�A�uˆ«‚¢�v‚©‚ç�u—Ç‚¢�v‚ð‘I•Ê‚·‚邽‚߂ɕK—v‚ȃrƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚ðŠl“¾‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

•vipassanā�ividassanā�j‚Ü‚½‚Í“´Ž@áÒ‘z‚Ì�d—v�«‚ð�\•ª‚É‹­’²‚·‚邱‚Ƃ͂ł«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B �u�³‚µ‚¢�vƒrƒWƒ‡ƒ“‚ª‚È‚¯‚ê‚Î�A�¶ŠUˆê�¶Œœ–½“w—Í‚µ�A‚Ç‚±‚É‚à�s‚¯‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�B‚±‚Ì�¢ŠE‚Ì�^‚Ì�«Ž¿�ianicca�Adukkha�Aanatta�j�A4‚‚Ì�‚‹M‚È�^ŽÀ�A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ�‚‹M‚È8‚‚̓¹‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BˆÃ‹L‚ł͂Ȃ­�A—�‰ð‚ª�d—v‚Å‚·�B

 

4. A huge amount of defilements are removed from one�fs mind with this insight meditation: to understand the �ganicca nature of this world�h. It is the first type of meditation that is needed. One can attain the Sōtapanna stage without doing any other types of meditation discussed below. The Buddha once took a bit of soil to a fingertip and told the bhikkhus that,  �gif the amount of defilements a Sōtapanna needs to get rid of is comparable to this amount of soil, then a normal human being has to get rid of an equivalent to the soil in the whole Earth�h.

Many people say, �gI do like my life. Why would I not want to be reborn?�h. The problem is that future rebirths may not be in the human realm. We have no idea what we have done in past lives. Thus even if we live a perfectly moral life, there are no guarantees that we will get a good rebirth. This is why understanding kamma, rebirth, etc via insight meditation is important.

4.‚±‚Ì“´Ž@áÒ‘z‚É‚æ‚è�A�u‚±‚Ì�¢‚Ìanicca‚Ì�«Ž¿�v‚ð—�‰ð‚·‚邽‚ß‚É�A–c‘å‚ȗʂ̉˜‚ꂪ“ª‚©‚çŽæ‚è�œ‚©‚ê‚Ü‚·�BƒAƒjƒbƒ`ƒƒ‚Ì—�‰ð‚ª•K—v‚È�Å�‰‚̃^ƒCƒv‚ÌáÒ‘z‚Å‘¼‚̃^ƒCƒv‚ÌáÒ‘z‚ð�s‚¤‚±‚ƂȂ­�ASōtapanna‚É“ž’B‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�BŽß‘¸‚Í‚©‚‚Ä�­‚µ‚Ì“y‚ðŽw�æ‚ł‚܂Ý�A•§‹³“k‚É�uSōtapanna‚ªŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚Ì‚ ‚鉘‚ê‚Ì—Ê‚ª‚±‚Ì“y‚̗ʂɕC“G‚·‚é‚È‚ç�A•�’Ê‚Ì�lŠÔ‚Í’n‹…‘S‘̂̓y�ë‚Æ“¯“™‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ðŽæ‚è�œ‚­•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é�v‚ÆŒ¾‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

•‚»‚ê‚ÍŒë�A‚Ü‚½‚͌֒£‚ł͂ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñ�BSōtapanna‚Í�A�Å‘å7‚‚Ì�ubhava�v“à‚Ńjƒo�[ƒi‚É“ž’B‚·‚邱‚ƂɂȂÁ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·‚ª�A’Ê�í‚Ì�lŠÔ‚Í�A�”’›”NŒã‚Ì�Ä�¶ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ɕ‚¶�ž‚ß‚ç‚ê‚é‰Â”\�«‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�BŽ„‚½‚¿‚ÍŠF�A�”‚¦�Ø‚ê‚È‚¢‚Ù‚Ç‚Ì�”’›”N‚ɂ킽‚Á‚Ä�Ä�¶ƒvƒ�ƒZƒX‚ðŒo‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚µ‚½�B

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5. How does one do the insight meditation? Listening to discourses and reading Dhamma concepts are the two main forms of getting the correct information. Then one could contemplate on those concepts in a sitting meditation. But reading up on Dhamma concepts during a quiet time itself is meditation; also see, �gHow to Cultivate the Anicca Sanna�h and the follow-up post.

But I hope I have been able to convey the idea that the bulk of work can be done with just insight meditation, contemplating �ganicca, dukkha, anatta�g. However, doing the other two types of bhāvanā, i.e.,  mettā bhāvanā and ānapānasati, can be helpful for the insight meditation too.

 

5.“´Ž@áÒ‘z‚͂ǂ̂悤‚É�s‚¢‚Ü‚·‚©�H’k˜b‚ð•·‚¢‚½‚è�ADhamma‚ÌŠT”O‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚¾‚è‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª�A�³‚µ‚¢�î•ñ‚𓾂邽‚ß‚Ì2‚‚̎å‚ÈŒ`Ž®‚Å‚·�B‚»‚ê‚©‚ç�A�ÀˆÊáÒ‘z‚Å‚»‚ê‚ç‚ÌŠT”O‚ð�n�l‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B�©‚ÈŽžŠÔ‚ÌŠÔ‚ÉDhamma‚ÌŠT”O‚ð“ǂނ±‚ÆŽ©‘Ì‚ªáÒ‘z‚Å‚·�B

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6. The last and third way to purify the mind is via anupassanā. anupassanā means �gdiscard according to the principles learned�h (�ganu�h means according to and �gpassana�h means to get rid of; another meaning of �ganu�h is defilements, which is applicable too). anupassanā can take various forms: ānapānasati bhāvanā is the foundation. Once �gāna�h and �gāpāna�h are sorted out by vipassanā (vidassanā), one needs to engage in ānapānasati all the time. This means one needs to be mindful of what one is about to do, and make sure it is a �gright thing to do�h.

Satipatthāna bhāvanā (with kayānupassanā, vedanānupassanā, cittānupassanā, and dhammānupassanā) includes all the bhāvanā techniques that we have discussed so far. It is THE ultimate which encompasses everything that is needed to attain some stress relief all the way to attain the Arahanthood. ānapānasati is a big part of the Satipatthāna, and that is all we need to attain the Sōtapanna stage.

 

6.ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚ð�ò‰»‚·‚é�ÅŒã‚Ì3”Ô–Ú‚Ì•û–@‚Í�AƒAƒkƒpƒbƒTƒi�[‚Å‚·�B anupassanā‚Í�uŠw‚ñ‚¾Œ´‘¥‚É�]‚Á‚Ä”pŠü‚·‚é�v‚Æ‚¢‚¤ˆÓ–¡‚Å‚·�i�uanu�v‚Í�u‚É�]‚Á‚Ä�v�A�upassana�v‚ÍŽæ‚è�œ‚­‚±‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B�uanu�v‚̕ʂ̈Ӗ¡‚͉˜‘¹‚Å‚ ‚è�A‚±‚ê‚à“K—p‰Â”\‚Å‚·�j�B anupassanā‚Í‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂Ȍ`Ž®‚ð‚Æ‚é‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�Fānapānasati�@bhāvanā‚ÍŠî‘b‚Å‚·�B �uāna�v‚Æ�uāpāna�v‚ªvipassanā�ividassanā�j‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä•ª—Þ‚³‚ê‚邯�A�í‚Éānapānasati‚ÉŽæ‚è‘g‚Þ•K—v‚ª‚ ‚è‚Ü‚·�B‚±‚ê‚Í�A‚â‚낤‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓޝ‚µ�A‚»‚ꂪ�u�³‚µ‚¢‚±‚Æ�v‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ðŠm”F‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ðˆÓ–¡‚µ‚Ü‚·�B

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7. Thus one could make things simpler by just doing insight meditation, ānapānasati, and the mettā bhāvanā. That is all one needs to do to  have a �gbetter state of mind�h or even to become a Sōtapanna.

 

7.‚±‚̂悤‚É�A“´Ž@áÒ‘z‚ƃA�[ƒiƒp�[ƒi�[ƒTƒeƒB�A‚»‚µ‚ă�ƒ^ƒoƒo�[ƒi�[‚ð�s‚¤‚¾‚¯‚Å�A•¨Ž–‚ð‚æ‚èƒVƒ“ƒvƒ‹‚É‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ü‚·�B‚»‚ꂪ�A�u‚æ‚è—Ç‚¢ƒ}ƒCƒ“ƒh‚Ì�ó‘Ô�v‚ðŽ�‚‚½‚ß‚É�A‚Ü‚½‚ÍSōtapanna‚ɂȂ邽‚߂ɕK—v‚È‚·‚ׂĂł·�B

 

8. The problem with meditation techniques taught even in Theravada schools these days is that they are either breath meditation or chantings. How can one remove defilements by watching the breath? Even though it can calm the mind, there are no long-term benefits, because watching the breath CANNOT reduce defilements from the mind.

Next, �gAriya mettā bhāvanā (Loving Kindness Meditation)�g, �c�c�c�c.

 

 

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Goenka�Ls Vipassana

Welcome! › Forums › Meditation Forum › Goenka�Ls Vipassana

Tagged: goenka vipassana, sati

·                     This topic has 76 replies, 17 voices, and was last updated 1 year, 4 months ago by Christian.

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o                  #13340

 

Hi!

I would like to start a new forum concerning �gGoenka�Ls Vipassana�h, the reasons being that it operates in the framework of Theravada, and it has a fantastic worldwide infrastructure of free intense meditation courses and therefore is personally interesting for me to make use of AND has an enormous outreach and impact on presumably hundred thousands of people.

I would like this suggested forum to be about the advantages and the shortcomings of operating in this framework.

Personally I have taken four ten day courses. From course one on, I had my difficulties about the specific slant in which the Buddhas�Ls teaching is being presented BUT the technique works to clear my mind.

Is this a permissable forum theme? Is anybody else interested?

Kind regards,
D

o                  #13344

Lal

Keymaster

Yes, D. This forum topic is a good. Thanks for starting it.

I am familiar with this particular meditation technique through his book, even though I have not attended one.

Based on what I have read, one gets to samatha with breath meditation and then is supposed to do vipassana meditation.

1. Could you elaborate on what is involved in vipassana? What does one meditate on during the vipassana?

2. Breath meditation is not the anapana meditation taught by the Buddha:
Is Ānāpānasati Breath Meditation?
Has anyone questioned the instructors of this issue? Any others who have attended can comment too. I am just curious.

Kind Regards, Lal

o                  #13361

Tobias G

Participant

I was on a 10 day course. �gVipassana�h there means to slowly scan your body (surface) and to observe the sensations, as they come, as they go. There is no other meditation object than the breath and the body sensations.

Before one starts the �gvipassana�h one is trained over 3 days in �ganapana�h (observing of the breath, in/out). This is to calm down the mind.

One learns also the mundane version of metta bhavana�c �gmay all beings be happy �c�h

At the end of each day is a dhamma discourse with more or less mundane explanations e.g. about a �gstore of sankharas�h, which have to be removed. I do not know the details anymore. It is a course for beginners and the content should be easy to grasp I guess.

As I was new to the matter, I did not ask the teacher about any details.
After the course I had so many questions that I searched through the web and found Lal�fs website, which enabled me to gain real insight.

o                  #13447

Anonymous

Hi

I have completed 2 Vipassana retreats. What I wanted to add, is that the technique of Vipassana – i.e. the observation of sensations arising and passing through the body, allows the meditator to observe the relationship between mind and matter at the experiential level, this is key and what makes this approach so successful. This means that a practitioner is left without a shadow of a doubt, as to how thoughts impact the creation and dissolution process of matter directly.

For example when a gross and unpleasant sensation arises, one has two choices: 1) To react with aversion, which in fact has the effect of intensifying the sensation or 2) To remain equanimous. That is to simply observe the sensation without valuing or devaluing it. This allows the sankaras to rise to the the surface and be dissipated. If a pleasant sensation arises and one starts to crave and cling to it, then when the sensation passes, the meditator will react with aversion when unpleasant sensations – sooner or later – again rise, as he/she naturally only wants the pleasant sensations.

The practice of Anapana for the first 3 days, concentrating on breath and the sensations of a small part of the body; in and around the nostrils and above the upper lip, helps the meditator to develop a concentrated mind that will be able to detect the very subtlest of sensations.

Vipassana as taught by S.N. Goenke really is, as he puts it, a deep personal surgical operation that allows one to operate on one�fs own psyche and, if performed properly, facilitates the removal of defilements from the mind. After completing around 100 hours of intense meditation over 10 days, practitioners will have uncovered a lot about themselves through direct experience. From my personal experience this technique is only advantageous. Presumably because Goenke dispels any notions of the technique being sectarian, according to conservative Theravadic traditions, by pointing out that the technique is universal.

As far as the assistant teachers of this technique are concerned, there does appear to be a general lack of clarity on the specifics, but maybe that�fs because each one�fs experience is unfathomably complex and personal.

My final point is that the technique basically speaks for itself without words needing to be spoken. Each meditator is thus allowed to persue his/her own truth pertaining to their own experience. Sound theoretical information such as found on this Pure Dhamma platform, provides me with a fascinating backdrop for a deeper analysis of my meditation experiences.

Many Thanks

o                  #13448

Tobias G

Participant

Now I remember: according to Goenka the sankharas are stored in the body (or mind) and come to the surface as sensation. Thus if one looks long enough at the sensations the store will be emptied and the mind is purified in this way. I wonder where this way is explained in the Tipitaka or by the Buddha. I guess nowhere.

Sankhara (=san+khara) is action by the mind which leads to kamma depending on the defilement/avijja involved. Kamma is stored as energy in mano loka. If actually kamma is meant to come to the surface via the body, then the Goenka technique teaches to eliminate all kamma in order to attain Nibbana. That would also be in contrast to Buddha Dhamma which says to remove defilements/gathi/tanha/asava in order to attain Nibbana.

The technique involves no contemplation and comprehension of the Tilakkhana which the Buddha revealed to the world. The question is how one can attain Nibbana without comprehension of the Tilakkhana?

o                  #13456

Lal

Keymaster

1. There is no doubt that breath meditation can calm the mind. What it does is to keep the mind focused on a neutral object: in this case the breath, but in kasina meditations it is the kasina object like a colored disk. Since those thoughts are devoid of greed and hate, if the focus is kept for extended times, the mind does calm down.

This technique had been perfected by ancient yogis and they had achieved even supernormal powers. But the problem is that it does not do anything to get rid of the avijja or ignorance about the true nature of this world or even to get rid of one�fs bad gathi (habits and character qualities). Therefore, if a strong sense input comes, old bad gathi will be re-surfaced and that samadhi WILL BE broken. There are many stories about such yogis losing those supernormal powers by the sight of a sensual object.

I know it is hard to discard the ability to be able to get to a calm state of mind with breath mediation. But in the end it is no better than getting �ghigh�h with drugs or alcohol. It is a temporary solution to a deeper problem of suffering associated with the rebirth process. That is what Tobias was trying to explain with the statement, �gThe technique involves no contemplation and comprehension of the Tilakkhana which the Buddha revealed to the world. The question is how one can attain Nibbana without comprehension of the Tilakkhana?�h.
Also, see the post: �gA Buddhist or a Bhauddhaya?�h

2. Another point is that it is good idea to first figure out what is meant by key words like sankhara.
Chigstarrr said: �gFor example when a gross and unpleasant sensation arises, one has two choices: 1) To react with aversion, which in fact has the effect of intensifying the sensation or 2) To remain equanimous. That is to simply observe the sensation without valuing or devaluing it. This allows the sankaras to rise to the surface and be dissipated.�h

Sankhara are thoughts. They come and go. If the thoughts are on the breath, then there is less opportunity for greed or hateful thoughts to arise, and that is what makes the mind to calm down. The statement, �gThis allows the sankaras to rise to the surface and be dissipated.�h, does not make any sense for explaining what happens. That is just a catch phrase.

But bad thoughts (apunnabhisankhara) are really bad vaci sankhara done by one�fs conscious thoughts. They are a form of kamma and can bring bad kamma vipaka in the future. So, the permanent solution for the problem involves the mind to get rid of wrong views, habits, and to stay away from immoral deeds (dasa akusala). One aspect of this is discussed in �gCorrect Meaning of Vacī Sankhāra�h

3.The real vipassana is about analyzing why such greedy or hateful thoughts arise, see their bad consequences and to get rid of them. Just by getting the mind off of such thoughts by focusing on breath is not a real solution. If bad consequences of hateful thoughts, for example, sink in the mind, then such thoughts will gradually cease to arise. That is the more permanent solution. This is what is explained in the �gMaha Satipatthana Sutta�h.

4. So, if one�fs goal is to achieve temporary �ga peace of mind�h, then such meditation retreats will serve that purpose. But if one really needs to understand the key message of the Buddha, one first needs to understand what that is. This is explained in the post: �gA Buddhist or a Bhauddhaya?�h and in, �gBuddha Dhamma – In a Chart�h among others.

o                  #13488

Anonymous

I am not aware of Goenke�fs teachings claiming to get rid of all karma, but they do correctly claim to reduce suffering, if practised properly. This is my experience. The answer to the question of �gHow Nibbana can be achieved without comprehension of Tilakkhana?�h I think lies in ones ability to perceive and one certainly doesn�ft have to know how to read to perceive or comprehend, although theory is certainly helpful. Which is why I reiterate that through experiencing the effects of the technique, one could come to their own conclusions without the need for any external references or validation. Nibbana is right here right now in the core of one�fs being and it always has been, it is these filters and sankaras which prevent people from seeing the true nature of reality. Mind (is) The Gap translates that mind, or the thought-process, is what separates a person from their authentic self which in reality is not a self at all, but a composite of the macrocosmic whole.

By sankara I mean thought or reaction, which are intertwined. I�fll elaborate on how the process of releasing sankaras works. Bear in mind also that thoughts create matter and vice versa. By observing sila – the 5 precepts in a dhammic environment; a vacuum is created that prevents new sankaras from being generated, which in turn allows the �gold stock�h of sankaras to rise and be dissolved. Again I am speaking from my own experience, not based on fleeting unquantifiable theories, which may or may not be true. Or maybe they were true then, but are not necessarily true now. In any case the surest way to discover truth is through direct experience, otherwise why would any being bother to incarnate in the first place? That�fs the game-changer – the experiential aspect.

�gThe real vipassana is about analyzing why such greedy or hateful thoughts arise, see their bad consequences and to get rid of them. Just by getting the mind off of such thoughts by focusing on breath is not a real solution�h – Lal

Perhaps, but on the deepest levels, it is effectively achieved when gross unpleasant sensations – in particular, are experienced. In the process of observing them, one realizes intuitively, via their energetic language/signature their consequences – directly. Of course one will also have many opportunities in-between meditating to reflect on what has been shown to them.

I wrote:�gThe practice of Anapana for the first 3 days, concentrating on breath and the sensations of a small part of the body; in and around the nostrils and above the upper lip, helps the meditator to develop a concentrated mind that will be able to detect the very subtlest of sensations.�h

On day 4 the meditators are introduced to Vipassana, once the mind has been sufficiently concentrated to detect the subtlest of sensations. The body is then swept from head to foot, foot to head, if there is a free-flow of sensations or at a slower pace part by part – back and forth �gpatiently and persistently�h observing the full gamut of sensations that will now be more easily perceivable. If the mind becomes agitated, the meditator returns to anapana until balance is restored and then reverts to Vipassana.

o                  #13687

vilaskadival

Participant

I have been following both explanations – Lal and Chigstarrr on Goenka retreat.

Chigstarrr is right on the process followed for 10 day retreat which provides a person with his own experience to see what the vedana which arises, stays and passes away means in reality.

Anapana sati done in Goenka Vipasanna helps a novice to see what vibrations / sensations are arising for first 3 days near the nasal area and lip region and from 4th day to 9th day, the person would be able to experience for himself/herself on feelings which keep on arising, staying and passing away which can be heat, sweat, cold flashes, trembling etc.,

After that, one can really get into pure teachings to observe these sensations and not react to them, but to take action the way Lal has been stating on the actual dhamma practice.

These sensations can be of lobha, dosa or moha as they bring up all those experiences which has happened with one person and what to do with them in that retreat helps the person to observe and hence when he is provided with pure dhamma as medicine, he/she can really develop very will.

This has infact happened with me and there is marked changes in every aspect including the way I�fm able to take death of my mother which happened on 23rd December, 2017 where I�fm able to focus on the citta, asavas, gati and the vedana it brings in. There has not been a single instance right now of any kind of sorrow which I believe is the effect of following the path provided by Goenka and supplemented by Lal through Pure Dhamma.

Actually, in my opinion sankara�fs arise as feelings and they come and go and in that way, suit the experience of what one undergoes in Goenka retreat. If we were to accept to them, then in seems like these Sankara�fs will get exhausted if the vedana is just observed.

While just breath meditation might not provide actual vipasanna, but one can see that observation of feelings (vedana) as defined in Mahasatipattana sutta would certainly enable a person to get rid of many sankara�fs which arises on body as vedana.

Conclusion: Goenka�fs Vipassana course will put a person on the right path followed by Pure Dhamma by Lal would really help a person to achieve Sotapanna stage and beyond which seem to have become reality for me as I can see for myself tremendous changes which has happened due to both of them.

�˜             #14356

Anonymous

Vilaskadivalou it�fs a good sign that you were able to integrate your experiences of Vipassana with the passing of your mother. This is a great example of the kind of detached response, the technique allows the serious practitioner to internalise over time. This kind of detachment shouldn�ft be confused with aloofness, but rather is a detachment rooted in an awareness and appreciation of the true nature of anicca,

On a side-note. A major challenge with the technique, is that a small minority of Vipassana meditators get caught up in playing the �egame of sensations, �e as Goenka puts it; where they simply develop craving or aversion for their sensations and thus generate new sankaras, which is of course counter-productive.

Personally l have found that since l started applying this technique in the day to day. l am able to side-step virtually any external, as well as internal �gtriggers�h that might otherwise compromise my energy levels in any given moment – just by observing & not reacting to them. Or by responding mindfully – in a detached manner. Simply because the process by which new sankaras are generated, is now in my field of awareness on the subtlest levels. It has actually become an object of interest for me to intercept any defilements of the mind, as they get flagged by my consciousness. What, in effect, the technique has empowered me to do, is direct the potential outcome of any unwanted situation before it develops, or blows out of proportion.

It helps me to identify sensations, that would under �enormal�f circumstances, evade detection, sabotaging me and perhaps anyone nearby. Or from a position of ignorance, trigger a Pavlovian style response. In other words, a response from my ego-self which would almost certainly want to assert itself as �eright�f – left to its own devices. This practice effectively subdues the ego, to a position where it begins to work in harmony with the personality, rather than in opposition to it.

The final component of Vipassana as taught by S.N. Goenka is the regular practise of metta, which provides the proverbial cherry on the cake. Laying the foundation for favourable energetic conditions to manifest for all beings.

 

 

 

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o                  #14316

Embodied

Spectator

a)When i focus on breathing there are very few thoughts arising.b)The same when i focus on body sensations (this latter method is part of Chan Buddhism training which i followed for 3 years – they use it as a trick to let go of mindstream). By the way one can read in the Sutta Pitaka �gmindful of the body in and of itself�h but it is not said that just that will lead to valuable insight. Such awareness should be completed by the recollection of �geverything decadent & �grepulsive�h related to the body which implies Anicca , Anatta and Dukkha – somewhat at least.
So both a) and b) experiences brought me to study Satipatanna according Nyanaponika Thera which meets Lal methodology.
Summing up alot�c

o                  #14323

Lal

Keymaster

Embodied said: �ga)When i focus on breathing there are very few thoughts arising.�h

Is that a good thing?
The goal of meditation is a calm mind, not a mind devoid of thoughts.

The mind should be devoid of BAD thoughts (with greed, hate, or ignorance); that is what makes the mind calm in the long term. It happens when one stops such BAD thoughts from arising. That is Anapana or Satipatthana.

One should be able to think much clearer about Dhamma concepts (i.e., GOOD thoughts) when in meditation.

�˜             #14360

Johnny_Lim

Participant

Hi Lal,

If someone who is doing sitting meditation could contemplate on deep dhamma concepts like Tilakkhana and Paticca Samuppada for an hour or more, with little to no other stray thoughts, is he considered to be in Samadhi? Sort of like delivering a dhamma lecture to oneself in that meditation session. And after the meditation, one feels recharged.

o                  #14324

Embodied

Spectator

Lal,

I don�ft know if it�fs good or bad – it�fs what happens.There are only some neutral, misty images in a let�fs say �gsubliminal�h way. And usually bad thoughts do not arise. Which allows me to contemplate essential Dhamma concepts without being disturbed by inadequate mindstream.

�˜             #14361

Embodied

Spectator

Johnny,

Interesting subject.
And seeing that whatever the domain there is always a way of doing that is more effective than another, your question made me wonder about what is the best way of contemplating a Dhamma concept : images, words or both? Let�fs wait for Lal�fs expertise.

Thanks

o                  #14325

Lal

Keymaster

�h Which allows me to contemplate essential Dhamma concepts�c�h

OK. That means you are able to think. That is good.

�˜             #14331

Embodied

Spectator

Indeed for example I�fm able to contemplate a cooling down while relating it to Anicca, Anatta, Dukkha. Often the most effective cooling downs in terms of insight come from interacting with the opposite sex.

o                  #14358

Anonymous

The response above that I directed to Vilaskadival, dated March 6th, was actually meant for the main thread. Sorry!!!

I also apologize for misspelling your name. The message was typed on my phone, it appears auto-spell check got the better of me.

o                  #14363

Lal

Keymaster

I see new comments by Chigstarr, Embodied, and Johnny at various places above. I think it is essential to understand what is meant by samadhi, jhana, and �gpeace of mind�h.

Johnny asked: �gIf someone who is doing sitting meditation could contemplate on deep dhamma concepts like Tilakkhana and Paticca Samuppada for an hour or more, with little to no other stray thoughts, is he considered to be in Samadhi?�h

Short answer is, YES.

But it needs to be understood what is meant by samadhi:
�gWhat is samādhi? – Three Kinds of Mindfulness�g.
Samadhi can be thousands of different types. There are micca samadhi too, which are opposite of samma samadhi. Samadhi means �gthe mind gets pulled into that direction�h. Normally, one�fs mind will become peaceful when one�fs mind gets pulled in the �gmoral direction�h since that makes the mind less cluttered with akusala or sensual thoughts.

Samadhi is not necessarily jhana. Jhana are really mental states of beings in rupa and arupa realms. So, when one is in a jhana, it feels much better overall since they are higher mental states mostly devoid of akusala and sensual thoughts:
�gSamādhi, Jhāna, Magga Phala – Introduction�g.

One can get to magga phala via Samma Samadhi and also via jhanas:
�gSamādhi, Jhāna (Dhyāna), Magga Phala�h

@Chigstarr: So, when one does any type of common meditations, one�fs mind could become peaceful, and I said so in my previous comments. I never said otherwise. During the time of the Buddha, Devadatta attained even supernormal powers with such techniques, but he lost all that at the end. He never understood Tilakkhana.

The message of the Buddha is not just to go after a calmed mind (or even jhanas or supernormal powers), but to attain magga phala and get out of the suffering-filled rebirth process. But that idea may not be even palatable to many people. That is because they don�ft have an understanding of Tilakkhana (anicca, dukkha, anatta). So, there is no point in discussing this issue if one has already decided that all one needs is a �gpeace of mind�h. What this website is focusing on is magga phala, and specifically the Sotapanna stage, which will stop future rebirths in lower realms. Therefore, the bottom line is that: if one can show that Goenka�fs techniques can lead to magga phala, we can have a discussion on that.
Also, �gA Buddhist or a Bhauddhaya?�h and �gBuddha Dhamma: Non-Perceivability and Self-Consistency�g.

o                  #14368

Embodied

Spectator

Hi Lal,

Understood yet my query – for now – it�fs merely a �gtechnical�h one :
– It�fs recalling through images and words, based upon a �gpersonal�h experience, the best way of contemplating a Dhamma concept?
– When i say experience sometimes it can be experience of the opposites of Anicca, Anatta & Dukkha and of the cooling down (Tilakkhana-inspired) that allowed to rectify one�fs behaviour�cthus the repetitive contemplation of such moments of insight will progressively allow the definitive integration of Tilakkhana as �gpreconditions (prerequisites) in order to be able to follow the Noble Path�h�c?

Thanks

o                  #14370

Lal

Keymaster

Embodied said: �h what is the best way of contemplating a Dhamma concept : images, words or both?�h

This is probably an issue of expressing oneself (you and me both).

I think contemplation/thinking/analyzing/seeing whether some idea makes sense, etc. all fit in to that category.

By the way, that is same as the �gconscious thinking�h component of vaci sankhara: �gCorrect Meaning of Vacī Sankhāra�g.

When one grasp an idea or a concept one�fs sanna on that will change according to that. Then that sanna will be in effect automatically.
See, �gWhat is Sañña (Perception)?�g.

o                  #14374

Embodied

Spectator

Lal,

Seeing the clarity of your answer to my last query,i don�ft see any serious issue with us expressing ourselves.

I�fve recently downloaded Pure Dhamma the whole PDF book�cquestions will follow at a good rhythm!

thanks again

o                  #15236

cubibobi

Participant

Hello,

I joined the puredhamma.net forum recently, and am happy to come upon this forum. Starting in 2003, I attended courses, read (and reread) Goenka�fs discourses and books related to this tradition, got to know many �gteachers�h well and the training they went through.

I put �gteachers�h in quote not out of disrespect, since the only teacher was SN Goenka (affectionately known among students as Goenkaji). I�fll elaborate at the end as I describe the format of the course (for those who have not attended one).

I�fd like to give a brief description of the technique taught in the course, the rationale behind it (as I understand it), and then I really want to get your take on it as to whether the rationale is sound.

—DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE
Most courses are residential 10-day courses (there are other courses of varying lengths).

The course starts on Day 0 with the formalities: taking refuge in the Triple Gems, taking the 5 precepts, and making a formal request to the teacher to teach the technique.

— Days 1-3: �ganapana�h practice.
I put �ganapana�h because it is taken as breath meditation here. Goenka calls it respiration – natural, pure, uncontrolled respiration, nothing but respiration.

A few points about the �ganapana�h phase:
— Observation is at the nostrils, of natural respiration (exclusively); no imagination, no inner verbalization (such as a mantra). And also, no controlling the respiration of any kind (such as in pranayama)
— Gradually, observation turns to physical sensations (if any) in the small area below the nostrils, above the upper lip.

Attention is kept at the nostrils area to sharpen the mind; the smaller the area, the sharper the mind. The abdomen, for example is too big an area.

This phase is also considered the samadhi part of the eightfold path, along with sila, which is observing the 5 precepts.

— Days 4-9: �gvipassana�h

In the afternoon of day 4, we switched to �gvipassana�h, and this is considered entering the part of paññā. In vipassana according to this course, the object of observation is physical sensations (at first on the surface of the body) from the top of the head to the tips of the toes.

One moves his attention in order, from the top of the head, part by small part, to the tips of the toes. The reason for this is to eventually feel sensations, gross and subtle, all over the body. Also, one observes with an attitude of equanimity – no craving for pleasant sensations nor aversion toward unpleasant sensations.

What is the basis for this technique, and how is all this related to tilakkhana?

This is based on the mahasatipatthana sutta, and for practice, kāyānupassī, vedanānupassī, cittānupassī, dhammānupassī are reduced to vedanānupassī, and vedanā is taken to be physical sensations.

For kāyānupassī, observing kaya means observing what arise in kaya, and that is physical sensations. For the other 2 (citta and dhamma), observing physical sensations imply observing (indirectly) citta and dhamma, because of this verse:

�gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā�h, translated as �gEverything that arises in the mind starts flowing with a sensation on the body.�h
(See this verse in the satipathanna discourses in below, in the �gSources�h section).

For this technique, anicca means the arising and passing of physical sensations – pleasant and unpleasant. Gross, unpleasant sensations arise, stay for some time, and disappear. For pleasant sensations, they are ultimately tiny wavelets, bubbles, arising and passing very rapidly. (Just do a search for �gwavelets�h in the link to the satipatthana discourses).

At this stage, one realizes that there is no �gI�h, �gmine�h, �gmyself�h behind these wavelets, and hence anattā (here meaning �gegolessness�h).

Finally, the mind can be so sharp that it transcends this field of sensations to go �gbeyond�h – to non arising and passing. Nibbana!

This is just a summary of the technique (leaving out many details, even though I�fm already long-winded), but I hope I got the gist of it, and now I can�ft wait to ask my question (a question also asked of me many times):

Is there potential in this technique in removing defilements? Is there a sound foundation for it in the tipitaka?

— Day 10: metta
Students keep �gnoble silence�h during the course from days 1-9: no talking to each other (asking the teacher questions is ok), no reading, no communication with the outside world. Roughly 10 hours a day are spent in sitting meditation, starting the day at 4:30 am.

On day 10, students break silence and learn metta bhavana. On day 11 they leave the course.

—FORMAT OF COURSES
Lal asked whether anapana was brought to the teacher as being other than breath meditation.

In the course, meditation instructions are audio from SN Goenka, who is really THE teacher. The people sitting in the front, on the �gDhamma Seat�h, are assistant teachers (ATs) who conduct the course by playing the tapes of instructions and answering questions about the technique itself.

These ATs are from various backgrounds (e.g. the AT in my area is Hindu). They answer questions mostly about the technique, with or without mentioning Buddha Dhamma at large. Some even have just canned answers such as: �gJust set that aside, just observe sensations with equanimity�h, etc. On the question of anapana, all the ATs I personally know take that to mean breath meditation.

The most common course is the 10-day course. Another course is the Satipatthana course (7 days), in which students learn the sutta as explained by SN Goenka. (See the discourses on Satipatthana below). There are longer courses too: 20-day, 30-day, 45-day, 60-day courses. In these courses, oftentimes a third (typically the 1st third) is spent on �ganapana�h.

—SOURCES
I was a little hesitant to put these links here, since non students are not encouraged to read these without attending the courses (no context), but since these are in the public domain from VRI, I feel better.

Discourses on Satipatthana
http://www.vridhamma.org/Printversion/Discourses-on-Satipatthana-Sutta

Discourses in a 10-day course
http://www.vridhamma.org/The-Discourse-Summaries

 

 

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Ž„‚ª‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌƒŠƒ“ƒN‚ð‚±‚±‚É’u‚­‚±‚ƂɂÍ�­‚µçSçO‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½�BŠw�¶ˆÈŠO‚Ì�l‚̓R�[ƒX‚ÉŽQ‰Á‚¹‚¸‚É‚±‚ê‚ç‚ð“ǂނ±‚Æ‚ð�„�§‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢�iƒRƒ“ƒeƒLƒXƒg‚ª‚È‚¢�j‚©‚ç‚Å‚·�B

ƒTƒeƒBƒpƒbƒ^ƒi‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é’k˜b

http://www.vridhamma.org/Printversion/Discourses-on-Satipatthana-Sutta

10“úŠÔ‚̃R�[ƒX‚Ì�u‹`

http://www.vridhamma.org/The-Discourse-Summaries

 

 

o                  #15237

Lal

Keymaster

Thanks to Cubibobi (Lang) for providing a detailed description. This clarified to me what is done in the Goenka �gVipassana sessions�h.

1.      Lang said: �gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā�h, translated as �gEverything that arises in the mind starts flowing with a sensation on the body.�h

– Vedana is not just �gbody sensations�h involving just kaya or the body.; see, �gVedana (Feelings)�g.
– Each and every thought is initiated by a sensation received by any of the six indriya (or ayatana): cakkhu (seeing), sota (hearing), ghana (a smell), jivha (a taste) ,kaya (body sensation), and mano (dhamma coming to the mind).

2.      Then the mind starts automatically generates mano sankhara based on how that sense input matches with one�fs gati.

– For example, classical music may trigger joyful mano sankhara in an older person who loves classical music, but may generate irritating thoughts in a teenager who loves loud music. Then one may generate more vaci sankhara (good or bad). In another example, a habitual thief may see a valuable item, may get attached to it instantaneously (mano sankhara) and decide to steal it (vaci sankhara), which in turn lead to kaya sankhara to grab the item and flee.

3.      So, the critical step here in Vipassana (or Anapana or Satipatthana) is to be aware of those mano sankhara that automatically arise due to one�fs gati (based on sense inputs from ALL SIX senses), and not to let �gbad vaci sankhara�h to take hold.

– The second aspect is to cultivate any good mano sankhara that arise – Both can be investigated based on Tilakkhana, as one�fs understanding of Tilakkhana grows.

4.      To look at it from a different angle: the mind starts making good or bad judgments based on initial �gvedana�h as described by Paticca Samuppada: �gsalayatana paccaya phassa�h, �gphassa paccaya vedana�h, vedana paccaya tanha, tanha paccaya upadana, upadana paccaya bhava, bhava paccaya jati.

– Here �gsalayatana�h means �gsix ayatana�g: cakkhu, sota, ghana, jivha, kaya, and mano.
– These �gbhava�h are the energies created by the mind for future births, and dhamma in this context is another term for �gbhava�h; see, �gWhat are rūpa? – Dhammā are rūpa too!�g.

5.      Again, the point is that not only �gkaya vedana�h but vedana due to all six senses lead to the mind making good or bad decisions, which end up in �gsabbe dhamma�h in the above verse, �gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhamma�h, which now we can translate as, �gall types of vedana coming together to lead to each and all dhamma�h.

– Now it should be clear to those who have studied Pure Dhamma posts on these subjects that there is a definite answer to Lang�fs second question: �gIs there potential in this technique in removing defilements? Is there a sound foundation for it in the tipitaka?�h

6.      Just by being aware of body sensations, one cannot remove defilements (greed, hate, and ignorance, where ignorance includes both removal of the 10 types micca ditthi and then comprehending Tilakkhana). That should be obvious even without such a lengthy and deeper explanation given above.

So, I can say without any doubt that such kind of �gvipassana�h cannot lead to Nibbana.

�˜             #15247

Embodied

Spectator

Definitely. One wonders about the consistency of Goenka�fs, how could he implement an whole practice based only upon body sensations and so on. Even somatisation can�ft justify it.

o                  #15260

Embodied

Spectator

Hello

Rectification on my previous post.The following might �gexplain�h Goenka�fs Vipassana and also Zen/Chan Buddhism sati premises :

�gNormally we just say saṅkhāra in the place of abhisankhāra. But it is only abhisankhāra that lead to rebirth. Thus an Arahant does saṅkhāra, but not abhisankhāra, i.e., there is no�gupādāna�h or �gclinging�h. This is discussed in the posts on �gsan�h and �gsaṅkhāra�g.But an ordinary person generates greedy, hateful, or ignorant thoughts and generates (abhi)saṅkhāra when experiencing external objects, and thus has pancaupādānakkhandha.�h

The above mentioned premises are: not sticking/stopping (unfreezing mind) at whatsoever sanna or vedanna. Briefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on and so on.
Thus no spacetime to trigger abisankhara ?

o                  #15261

Lal

Keymaster

Embodied said: �gBriefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on and so on.�h

Let us take an example. Suppose you are sitting cross-legged at one of these meditation retreats. You start feeling pain in your legs. That is a vedana. What would be your response? Do you just notice that and move on without doing anything to get relief from that pain?

Anyone else can ask any question about how they deal with any specific type of �gvedana�h experienced during meditation. Rather than talking theory, it would be more beneficial to discuss actual situations.

o                  #15263

Embodied

Spectator

Lal
It�fs not about theory.
It depends on the pain intensity. If not too intense by moving on one overcomes pain. As much as one integrated (thus above mere intelectual understanding) that the body is but a transient expression, then a certain degree of pain can be easily overcomed.
Now I�fm not saying this is effective for insight. Yet,it brings relief, it�fs even used to overcome insomnia. Back to practice and / or theory�cI�fm not a theoretic one which doesn�ft mean that my practice(s) are all correct. Always open to improvement and rectification.

o                  #15265

Lal

Keymaster

I am trying to understand what you mean by �g�gBriefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on and so on.�h

What are some examples?

Regarding my example mentioned earlier:�gSuppose you are sitting cross-legged at one of these meditation retreats. You start feeling pain in your legs.�h

I have heard that in some of these meditation retreats people are told to �gjust bear the pain and it will get better�h.
– The painful sensation is generated by the nervous system because (for someone who is not used to be in that position for long times), the blood flow to certain body parts is cut off. It is a warning to say, �gshift the leg to allow blood flow�f. If one ignores that signal one of two things may happen: (i) Most of the time it may get a better, because the body may get used to it, especially if one increases the time gradually,
(ii) if one over does it and tries to maintain the position for too long in one setting, it may even cause damage to those nerves.

Even if someone gets used to that position over time, that is a �gmundane progress�h. It is not any different from learning to swim or doing a 100 yard dash within a certain time.
– It has not done anything to get rid of greed, hate, ignorance. Thus there is no �gspiritual progress�h.

�˜             #15275

Embodied

Spectator

Lal,

The subject(s) in question were approached simply because they aren�ft incompatible with the forum guidelines as far as i understood the following: – �gAny question even remotely connected to Buddha Dhamma (Buddhism) is welcome. There are people of very different levels of exposure to Buddhism.�h And also:�hBut I encourage everyone to participate because there will be people who can benefit from information at different levels.�h

From the above i infer that one can refer to Buddhism history and different trends. But perhaps i inferred wrongly?

As for objective spiritual progress, i agree with you.

With Metta

o                  #15268

Embodied

Spectator

1.Sitting virasana or siddhasana (my 2 favorite postures for any kind of formal session) in a silent place (relatively�cnot so easy to get nowadays) I get into in a state of global receptiveness to whatever sanna surfaces.
2. One should switch between environment and body sannas.
3. So let�fs suppose that i start by noticing i.e. the distant noise of a car – I listen to it for some seconds (usually not more than 5) but don�ft elaborate on it meaning why it pleases me or not pleases or neither.
4. Then i turn my attention/focus to the body and notice the nature of the contact between my pelvis/tighs and the floor, which may include sensations of temperature, softness or hardness,etc doesn�ft matter in fact, i simply notice it for not more than 5 secondes and move on to an �gexternal�h/environmental sanna i.e. :light nuances let�fs suppose�c
5.then again back to the body i notice my breathing-rhythm without interfering with it. And so on.

There are also sannas related to energy between the skin and more or less 3 mm around it (can this be the gandhabba?) but whatever the sanna one shouldn�ft stick (starting elaborate on it based upon memory or expectations) to any in particular.

This technique includes also citta-sanna : when something pops-up one should proceed same as above.

Practiced in Chan Buddhism. This is the Chan way of not getting entangled in and by vacisankhara.

At first sight it may look strenuous but in fact after 15 minutes one starts noticing i.e. that the body is much more relaxed than at the beginning of the session.

It can be also practiced extra formal sessions.

o                  #15269

inflib

Participant

Embodied said �gthen a certain degree of pain can be easily overcome.�h From Norman Doidge�fs book The Brain�fs Way of Healing there�fs a lot of research that shows how the brain can alter itself (neuroplastic growth/elimination) to turn off pain via mind exercises which is what vipassana means�c�gsort out and get rid of undesired thoughts that come to the mind�h. I wouldn�ft say �geasily�h though. It takes work.

The mind creates permanent brain neural pathways that keep pain signals firing long past the trauma and healing process. Pain is there to alert you that you�fre injured or injuring yourself. What I�fve noticed is this creating of mind/brain functioning goes with any behavior (gati), belief, defilements, etc. This is the dirt in the mind with the reinforcement of brain neural pathways (actual brain areas seen in scans) to keep it going. Like the dirt that settles (asavas, gati) at the bottom, the brain�fs neural tissues are still there just waiting to flourish. That�fs why when you abstain without change to new sobhana cetaskika (beautiful thoughts) and corresponding brain pathways you fall hard right back into old gati and asavas.

Ultimately, You�fve got to create new thoughts, new neural pathways by seeing the truth about anicca, dukkha and anatta to rid gati and asavas. Everything is in constant flux, so �gwanting�h something to be according to one�fs liking is impossible�cand you have to be okay with that. Otherwise, you�fll suffer. If one constantly tries to make it to one�fs liking, then you suffer even more, creating more kamma vipaka via abhisankhara. It�fs the understanding of this constant flux (anicca nature) that one can�ft let tip the apple cart over (suffer).

I work in a grocery store where the anicca nature is high. The constant replenishment and elimination of product on the shelves along challenging customers makes some employees suffer a lot. I�fve come to realize not �gwanting�h the store to be any particular way allows me not to suffer. I do the best I can and let it go (move on) so as not to create new kamma beeja. This peace and calm allows me to perform well and in an efficient manor.

With metta,
Donna

�˜             #15272

Embodied

Spectator

Donna wrote:
�gI wouldn�ft say �geasily�h though.�h Easily time helping, of course. It requires some practice.

�gI�fve come to realize not �gwanting�h the store to be any particular way allows me not to suffer. I do the best I can and let it go (move on) so as not to create new kamma beeja. This peace and calm allows me to perform well and in an efficient manor.�h Precisely.

o                  #15271

cubibobi

Participant

In a Goenka�fs course, there is something that can be characterized as �gBriefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on�h, although this is probably not what Embodied meant.

This technique takes physical sensations as meditation objects. We start from the top of the head (around a 2-in diameter circle), notice any sensations there; then we move attention down the body, in a certain order, part by part (each part around 2,3 inches).

When we notice a sensation in a part, we move on to the next part, and see what sensations manifest in this next part. On and on through the body, round after round.

The point is not to get �gstuck�h in a particular part of the body, not to linger there, even if it�fs a pain. The next time around to that part, that pain may have changed in nature to something else.

A review of the format of the course for a moment: Day 4 introduces �gvipassana�h (this body sweeping technique), and from this point on, we are encouraged to sit with determination (Adithana). This means sitting for 1 hour without a major body movement. For example, opening the legs while sitting cross-legged is a major body movement; therefore, a pain in the knee will just be observed continually, round after round. Of course, not all students can do this.

�gTheory�h is that an intense pain may appear so solid, but underneath that is really vibration. When the mind is sharp enough, it can �gdissect�h the body to feel the subtlest level of body sensations, which is nothing but vibrations, and then go �gbeyond�h.

We were also cautioned not to �glook for any vibrations�h, because that would be craving. We were told to observe a sensation as it is (yathabhuta), not as we�fd like it to be. In a discourse, the teacher has to mention possible �gstations�h in case some people in the group are experiencing them.

This is a thread about Goenka�fs vipassana, so I thought I�fd offer one version of �gBriefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on�h as it applies to physical sensations.

I have also heard of this attitude of �gBriefly noticing /moving on / briefly noticing / moving on�h applied to other meditation objects (such as thoughts), in other meditation techniques.

Best,
Lang

 

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o                  #15273

Lal

Keymaster

Embodied said:
�g1.Sitting virasana or siddhasana (my 2 favorite postures for any kind of formal session) in a silent place (relatively�cnot so easy to get nowadays) I get into in a state of global receptiveness to whatever sanna surfaces.
2. One should switch between environment and body sannas.
3. So let�fs suppose that i start by noticing i.e. the distant noise of a car – I listen to it for some seconds (usually not more than 5) but don�ft elaborate on it meaning why it pleases me or not pleases or neither.
4. Then i turn my attention/focus to the body and notice the nature of the contact between my pelvis/tighs and the floor, which may include sensations of temperature, softness or hardness,etc doesn�ft matter in fact, i simply notice it for not more than 5 secondes and move on to an �gexternal�h/environmental sanna i.e. :light nuances let�fs suppose�c
5.then again back to the body i notice my breathing-rhythm without interfering with it. And so on.�h

How is this going to remove greed, hate, ignorance from one�fs mind?

I have no doubt that it will calm down one�fs mind. But how is this, by itself, going to make progress in removing defilements from one�fs mind and change one�fs gati for the better?

�˜             #15282

Johnny_Lim

Participant

Hi Lal,

This is the same as a lineage that places very strong emphasis on concentration. I seriously have my doubts over this kind of practice. If concentration alone can remove defilements, then there is absolutely no need for a Buddha to appear. The ancient yogis are more than qualified for this job. Moreover, the lineage heavily relies on materials from Visuddhimagga. My intent is not to discredit them. But to let fellow practitioners know there are such teachings out there and let them decide for themselves what is the right teachings of the Buddha.

I quote some text from the author:

�gThese days, even in predominantly Buddhist countries, there are many learned Buddhist scholars who maintain that it is not possible to discern rūpa kalāpas and mental processes, and base and object. In saying so, they are not lying, in the sense that what they assert is true from their point of view. From their standpoint, such discernment is impossible. This view of theirs proliferates because they hold fast to well-known teachers and lineages that at some point have introduced the idea that concentration is not necessary for realising the Four Noble Truths. Teachers like these fail to encourage their disciples to develop concentration. Herein lies the fault. They go on to replace the First and Second Noble Truths with their own interpretations and so do not teach them as the Buddha taught them. In such circumstances, it is indeed impossible to discern ultimate truth. In order to see the Four Noble Truths as they really are, one must heed the admonition of the Buddha: �eBhikkhus, develop concentration. One who is concentrated knows and sees the Four Noble Truths as they really are.�f The First Noble Truth is ultimate mentality and ultimate materiality. Ultimate materiality is of twenty-eight kinds, eighteen of which are real and the objects of vipassanā.�h

Seriously, the first Noble Truth is all about ultimate materiality and mentality? How does discerning these 2 things help to get rid of greed, hatred, and delusion? There are many accounts in the sutta that mentioned followers of the Buddha attained Sotāpanna just by listening to discourses. I don�ft think there is any mention in the sutta of people attaining Sotāpanna by developing concentration and discerning the 4 elements and their derivatives in order to gather unshakable faith.

The author further explains:

�gIf one discerns four elements systematically, one will see an improvement in one�fs concentration. When concentration improves, the body disappears. One sees just a block of four elements; one�fs whole body becomes just a block of four elements. One does not see a face, a hand, or a leg. At this point the perception of being, satta-saññā, disappears. This means the meditator has attained right view to a certain extent. If one continues discerning these twelve characteristics in that block of four elements, concentration further improves, and the body will emit light – beginning with grey light, which gradually becomes white, until finally the whole body becomes a block of bright light. That block of bright light is actually just a group of rūpa kalāpas. It has not been broken down into small particles, so the meditator sees them as a group; and because there is colour in every kalāpa, they are perceived as a block of bright light. Now one needs to continue discerning four elements in that block of bright light in order to break it down into very tiny particles. If one continues discerning four elements in that block of bright light, it will finally break down into very small particles, which might be called sub-atomic particles. Some meditators may encounter difficulty when they try to break the block of bright light down into very small sub-atomic particles. In that case, they are instructed to see the space element (ākāsadhātu). The space element functions as a sort of border line; it is the space between rūpa kalāpas. When the meditator looks at the space element, the block of light will dissolve, and the meditator will then see very tiny particles. The Buddha said that this whole world is made up of very tiny sub-atomic particles. If the block of light dissolves while one is practising together with many other practitioners, one can discern four elements in those who are sitting nearby or far away, and one will see everyone be come nothing more than small particles. One does not see man or woman or anything else; everything becomes the same – just very tiny particles which are arising and perishing very rapidly all the time. If one discerns four elements in the floor or the cushion on which one is sitting or a Buddha statue or any other object, everything becomes very small particles. Everything becomes the same.�h

The author further said:

�gWhether one regards mountains, trees, flowers, living things, or non-living things, everything becomes the same – nothing more than tiny particles that constantly arise and perish. When this happens, one will agree with the Buddha and cease to disagree with or doubt Him. Sometimes we are inclined to disagree with the Buddha. Here we see men, here we see women; why then did the Buddha say there are no men, there are no women? There are! Why did the Buddha say that men and women do not really exist, and that there is only ultimate reality? We think this way sometimes. However, with the attainment of concentration and insight, one sees for oneself that there are no men, no women, no trees, no mountains, no Buddha images; instead, there are only very small particles. When one sees this, one will agree with the Buddha. These are not my words. The Buddha Himself says, �eI do not argue with the world; it is the world that argues with me.�f The world dares to argue with the Buddha because the world is blind. Only when people arrive at a true un derstanding will they no longer dare to argue with the Bud dha. The Buddha is the One Who knew what lies beyond the scope of the naked eye. If one develops concentration and then practises four elements meditation systematically, one will know and will see what the Buddha taught.�h

�˜             #15312

Lal

Keymaster

Hi Johnny: There are so many misinterpretations in the texts that you quoted. I just don�ft have time to go through them, so I will just point out a couple in order to illustrate the point that how bad Buddha Dhamma (per Tipitaka) has been misinterpreted.

For example: �gBhikkhus, develop concentration. One who is concentrated knows and sees the Four Noble Truths as they really are.�h
– What they translate as �gconcentration�h is the Pali word �gsati�h. The closest transaltion of �gsati�h is probably �gmindset�h. That becomes clear when you understand what is meant by �gsamma sati�h (�gsan�h +�hma�h means to remove �gsan�h or defilements). – Thus, samma sati is the mindset needed to remove defilements from the mind, which is basically a comprehension of Tilakkhana.

Another is: �gWhen concentration improves, the body disappears. One sees just a block of four elements; one�fs whole body becomes just a block of four elements. One does not see a face, a hand, or a leg.�h
– That is just pure fiction. Didn�ft the Buddha (or all those Arahants) see and recognize people?

Same thing with the statement, �g�gWhether one regards mountains, trees, flowers, living things, or non-living things, everything becomes the same – nothing more than tiny particles that constantly arise and perish.�h

By the way, who made these statements (or translations)? You should always provide a link to the source.

�˜            #15320

Johnny_Lim

Participant

Hi Lal,

The source is The Truth Taught by All the Buddhas – Bhikkhu Revata

Not sure whether you guys can view it via the link above. A full version copy can be purchased at $0.00 though.

Pages 56, 57, 81, 118 are some of the references that might be of interest to fellow readers.

From page 118:

�gThe Buddha instructs us next to stand somewhere, develop concentration, and then start walking with close eyes. Wherever one goes, there is sound. It impinges on one�fs ear-door and mind-door. Ear-door mental process and mind-door mental process arise. One�fs eyes are closed, but one sees one�fs whole body as just very small sub-atomic particles arising and perishing very rapidly. When the sound impinges on the ear and mind-doors, one sees the mental processes arising and perishing very rapidly. Then one does not see one�fs body; one sees only ultimate mentality and materiality arising and perishing very rapidly all the time. If one walks for an hour, one sees only this. If one pays attention to external persons, one sees nothing other than this. The Buddha instructs us to reflect at that time that there is no man, there is no woman, there is no deva, there is no brahmā, there is no permanent en tity, there is no permanent soul, there is only ultimate mentality and materiality. One understands what the Buddha meant. One agrees with the Buddha that no such things exist. There is only ultimate mentality and materiality.�h

o                  #15274

cubibobi

Participant

Thank you, Lal, very much for a detailed explanation in response to my post, especially the explanation of �gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā�h. In this case, dhammā is synonymous with bhava, then?

After about 10+ years of practicing this, I started having doubts about whether it could remove defilement, by observing behaviors in me and in those in my group. I then had doubts about vedana being explained in this particular way to suit this technique. Your explanation clarifies a lot.

Lang

o                  #15278

Lal

Keymaster

Lang said: �g.. especially the explanation of �gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā�h. In this case, dhammā is synonymous with bhava, then?�h

To be precise, it is dhammā that give rise to bhava. But they are essentially the same, both are kammic energies built up by vinnana or desires/hopes. Of course, desires/hopes must be connected to dasa akusala in order to qualify. For example, if one is planning to steal something, he/she will be thinking about it with vaci sankhara and generating bad vinnana.

Furthermore, dhammā in this context are the same as kamma beeja built up by vinnana. This is a bit deeper aspect:
�gWhat are rūpa? – Dhammā are rūpa too!�g.

Please don�ft hesitate to ask more questions if this is not clear.

o                  #16628

lucas.cambon

Participant

I do not understand why Goenka�fs method will not lead to the realization of nibbana.
As I understand, if we take any factor (vedana) of the dependent origination chain (paticcasamuppada) and realice his true nature i.e. Anicca, dukkha and anatta, we break the cycle and the whole process collapses.

More info about Goenka�fs method:
– The 10 day retreat is only a introduction to the technique. In the long ones you are told to pay attention to your mind, his types and the mental factors too.
– The anapana meditation is suppoused to develop till jhana levels.
– There is an important mark of the personal evolution in the path = �gbhanga�h or dissolution of the body.

Please correct me if I�fm wrong

Metta!

o                  #16633

Lal

Keymaster

@lucas.cambon: I have explained in detail my reasons; see, for example, my comment on March 7, 2018 at 7:07 am, and a couple of more comments after that addressing various other issues.

If you or anyone else can refute those, I would be happy to discuss further. Please quote from my statements, so that we know exactly what point is being discussed.

�˜             #16643

lucas.cambon

Participant

In your more descripting comment you write the following:

�g1 Lang said: �gvedanā-samosaraṇā sabbe dhammā�h, translated as �gEverything that arises in the mind starts flowing with a sensation on the body.�h
2 – Vedana is not just �gbody sensations�h involving just kaya or the body.; see, �gVedana (Feelings)�g.
3 – Each and every thought is initiated by a sensation received by any of the six indriya (or ayatana): cakkhu (seeing), sota (hearing), ghana (a smell), jivha (a taste) ,kaya (body sensation), and mano (dhamma coming to the mind).�h

The sensations that we are told to observ do not come purely from the mind, are not created only by it. Vedana, as you correctly indicate, come from all the six-senses, plus the atmosphere, the food and the old heavy patterns (sankharas).
So, what we are told to be aware of is the result (effect) of all conctact (factor of pariccasamuppada).
It turn out to be very clear when you are by day 7 to 10�c personally I once experienced a vibration from my right ear to the rest of the body when the gong was hitted. There was like dense particles moving like a flow. It was very insightful and at the same time not so much, my equanimity got broken ????

o                  #16646

Lal

Keymaster

Yes. As I mentioned many times in my comments, it is possible to experience a �gsukha vedana�h in the body by doing even just breath meditation.

Ancient yogis were able to cultivate even supernormal (abhinna) powers by doing breath mediation TOGETHER WITH staying away from sense pleasures AND immoral deeds (akusala kammma). One can get to anariya jhanas that way (�gvivicca kamehi, vivicca akusala dhammehi�h is a phrase that comes up in the explanations of even anariya jhana).

The Noble Eightfold Path is cultivated by first getting rid of the 10 types of micca ditthi and then comprehending Tilakkhana. That is the way to realize the real nature of this world and thus to automatically lose cravings for things in this world. This is explained in detail with many posts at the site. This is not easy to grasp for many, and it takes an effort just to see that.

 

 

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�˜             #16647

lucas.cambon

Participant

I perfectly understand what you say, but I never mentioned Breath meditation as the tool for liberation. That is only one of the three legs of the tripod: Sila, Samadhi, Panna.
�gsukha vedana�h are good or pleasurable body sensations. That is an unusual feeling. Most of the time your body is full of gross and heavy vedanas.
Goenka�fs body scan technique is about experiencing anicca with the body sensations (coming from all angles mentioned before), with the consequence realization of dukha and anatta; Complete Tilakkhana.

I would like to understand why you keep asociating along the comments that breath meditation is the Goeka�fs technique.

I�fm not a defender of this method, that�fs why I�fm here. Your explanations about the suttas and the abhidhamma are very consistent. I only want to get a better understanding of meditation

o                  #16649

Lal

Keymaster

You said: �gGoenka�fs body scan technique is about experiencing anicca with the body sensations (coming from all angles mentioned before), with the consequence realization of dukha and anatta; Complete Tilakkhana.�h

This is the key.

0.                          What is meant by anicca per Goenka technique? Impermanence?

1.                          How does a �gbody scan�h leads to the realization of anicca nature?

�˜             #16650

lucas.cambon

Participant

nice that we are understanding each other :D

1.       What is meant by anicca per Goenka technique? Impermanence?
He refers to the unsatisfactoriness resulting of the incessant search of any gratification in things that have such a volatile existence. The futility of all compound things. He also point out how we create suffering wanting what we don�ft have or experience and rejecting what we have/experience.

2.       How does a �gbody scan�h leads to the realization of anicca nature?
While you do the scan over an over again you gain the experience of change, observing the araising and passing away of sensations; the wide variety of sensations, how they all have the same characteristics.

o                  #16651

firewns

Participant

I hesitated to post this as I did not want to mislead anyone.

I was reading the post �eUdayavaya Nana – Introduction�f.

Lal, do you think Goenka�fs body scan technique as mentioned by lucas.cambon leads to the cultivation of udayavaya nana of pancakkhandha, i.e. observation of the uppada, thithi and bhanga of sensations?

Yet I am wary of the technique, since cuiboiboi stated: At this stage, one realizes that there is no �gI�h, �gmine�h, �gmyself�h behind these wavelets, and hence anattā (here meaning �gegolessness�h).

This is in contrast to the definition of anatta that you discuss — that of being devoid of substance and worth.

I would recommend that people investigate further before practising it.

�˜             #16652

lucas.cambon

Participant

Firewns, thank you for participate in this discussion :)

I would like to point out that we do not have to �gstay�h in the words, we have to go deeper into the meaning of what the author mean to be with those word.

�gegolessness�h, �gnot-self�h, �gnon-self�h, etc�c If we carefully examine what every author want to explain with those words they all mean the same, the ausence of a permanent sustance that keep intact whithin time and space.
With every author I refer to the ones that we are mentioning, Theravada tradition ones.

o                  #16653

firewns

Participant

Cuiboiboi also stated: This technique takes physical sensations as meditation objects. We start from the top of the head (around a 2-in diameter circle), notice any sensations there; then we move attention down the body, in a certain order, part by part (each part around 2,3 inches).

When we notice a sensation in a part, we move on to the next part, and see what sensations manifest in this next part. On and on through the body, round after round.

The point is not to get �gstuck�h in a particular part of the body, not to linger there, even if it�fs a pain. The next time around to that part, that pain may have changed in nature to something else.

When attention is moved in a sweeping manner from one part of the body to the next, can the mind really stay on one particular spot, on one particular sensation long enough to observe its arising, unexpected change and passing away? It seems to me that attention would be scattered in this way, and there would be no opportunity to observe a particular sensation continuously, before moving on to observe yet another sensation.

�˜             #16655

lucas.cambon

Participant

�gWhen attention is moved in a sweeping manner from one part of the body to the next, can the mind really stay on one particular spot, on one particular sensation long enough to observe its arising, unexpected change and passing away? It seems to me that attention would be scattered in this way, and there would be no opportunity to observe a particular sensation continuously, before moving on to observe yet another sensation.�h

Sensations arise and disappear at a high frequency rate. With our poor levels of attention, we can only detect great changes, but in spite of that they are still there, you can feel the change despite the few seconds you spent observing before going to the next sensation. Once you become more and more concentrated, the �gsame�h feelings begin to disarm and you can detect more textures inside them. That procedure continues to unfold over and over again, until it is supposed that the meditator reach the state of bhanga dissolution, an important point in the progress of insight called �gVisuddhiñana-katha�h:
�c
5. Knowledge of Dissolution (bhanga-ñana)
6. Awareness of Fearfulness (bhayatupatthana-ñana)
7. Knowledge of Misery (adinava-ñana)
8. Knowledge of Disgust (nibbida-ñana)
9. Knowledge of Desire for Deliverance (muncitu-kamyata-ñana)
10. Knowledge of Re-observation (patisankhanupassana-ñana)
11. Knowledge of Equanimity about Formations (sankhar�fupekkha-ñana)
12. Insight Leading to emergence (vutthanagamini-vipassana-ñana)
13. Knowledge of Adaptation (anuloma-ñana)
14. Maturity Knowledge (gotrabhu-ñana)
15. Path Knowledge (magga-ñana)
16. Fruition Knowledge (phala-ñana)
17. Knowledge of Reviewing (paccavekkhana-ñana)
18. Attainment of Fruition (phalasamapatti)
19. The Higher Paths and Fruitions

o                  #16659

Tobias G

Participant

In the 10 day course they do not talk about the bigger worldview, the 31 planes of existence, paralowa/gandhabba, laws of kamma, san, the 10 sanyogas or anything closer related to the Tipitaka. But with the �gGoenka-technique�h they claim to attain Nibbana, which means to break the bonds to this world (sanyoga).

I cannot see how anyone without knowledge about the bigger worldview or what Nibbana is, knows what the goal is or how to get there. The �gtechnique�h just observes sensations, thus kaya sanna/vedana. It is said to stay equanimous regarding the sensations and not to get attached or distracted. There is no talk about the asubha nature of sansara. There is no panna to be gained. Instead it is envisioned as insightful to see these body sensations, as they arise and pass away. But this nature of arising and passing away is not seen in this �gwhole world�h and also not the endless repetition within sansara. There is not talk about the dangers of sansara and the need to escape. Without this one will not have a motive to get started, except to attain a worldy peace of mind. All ditthis remain.

2 weeks after the course my mind was back to �gnormal distraction�h although I meditated every evening. My wife and a friend experienced the same �gfall back�h. The satara iddhipada were not at work.

�˜             #16660

lucas.cambon

Participant

Tobias, thank you for your contribution

I would like to remind that the 10 day course is an introduction to the method and to the path. There is a discourse by Goenka at the end of each day. He definetly talks about law of kamma (as sankharas), dependent origination, rebirth (a bit), the path and fuitions. Because is a polemical theme to talk with western minded people, he only mentioned in brief the 31 planes of existance.
As you continue with the other courses, short ones, satipatthana sutta, 20 days, 30 days, 45 days, 60 days�c the discourses change and get deeper into the Abhidhamma world.

�g2 weeks after the course my mind was back to �gnormal distraction�h although I meditated every evening. My wife and a friend experienced the same �gfall back�h. The satara iddhipada were not at work.�h
That is going to happend with every method available. It is not possible to keep the same state of mind that you have in a meditation centre, with an ideal atmosphere, in complete silence, keeping all your precepts intact (very easy to break the �gfalse speach�h one)

o                  #16661

Lal

Keymaster

I see many inputs to the discussion. I will try to get to the very essence of Buddha Dhamma to analyze this issue. Anicca is much deeper to comprehended by monitoring �gbody sensations�h. It is all about changing one�fs perceptions about how this world works (based on how the mind works), and how future suffering arises due to one�fs own wrong perceptions.

The Buddha said that all living beings are trapped in a rebirth process, and most of these births are in realms that are filled with suffering. By cultivating panna (wisdom) about the real nature of this world, one can stop this rebirth process, and that he called attaining Nibbana. This was the key message of the Buddha. But most people today believe that Buddha taught about stopping the dukha vedana that one feels due to body aches, deceases, injuries etc.

This is why techniques like breath meditation and Goenka�fs technique appeal to many people. They can see that some physical and mental relief can be achieved by using such techniques. In fact, some even can get to jhana, and then it becomes impossible for them to even seriously consider the true message of the Buddha. They get trapped in a �gtemporary oasis�h.

Ultimately, Nibbana is realized ONLY when one sees the unfruitfulness and danger in the rebirth process. There is no refuge anywhere in the 31 realms, where it is a human, deva, or a brahma realm. One version of anicca is to see that anything that we do seek happiness in this world will not yield a permanent happiness. Rather, those actions can lead to future suffering that a normal human cannot even comprehend.

The first priority is to make sure one would not be born in the apayas (the four lowest realms), which includes the animal realm. That is where the suffering is worst. So, one first needs to understand how one COULD BE born in the apayas. What kind of deeds, actions, and thoughts will setup causes and conditions for one to be born in the apayas?

Therefore, one important aspect of realizing the anicca nature is to understand Paticca Samuppada (pati icca leading to sama uppada); see, �gPaticca Samuppāda – �gPati+ichcha�h+�hSama+uppāda�h and other posts in that section.

When people seek temporary sense pleasures, they may do immoral deeds (papa kamma or apunnabhisankhara) to get them. For example, one may commit rape to get sexual satisfaction which lasts only a short time, but the consequences are unimaginably harsh. Such IMMORAL actions are done by animals and thus are associated with �ganimal gati�h. Since one is attached to such �ganimal gati�h and has a liking for them (pati icca), that can lead to births of similar nature (sama uppada). That is the basic idea, and you can read the section on Paticca Samuppada for details. (posts on �ggati�h can be found by using the Search box; I sometimes spell it as �ggathi�g).

The key point here is that the craving for such an extreme sense pleasure WILL lead to a future rebirth with very harsh suffering. The consequences are not determined by one�fs desire, but by the root causes underlying one�fs ACTIONS (KAMMA). There are ten such �gbad actions�h that will lead to suffering, and they are called dasa akusala; see, �gDasa Akusala/Dasa Kusala – Basis of Buddha Dhamma�g.

In order to make this point clear, let us take one more example. One may kill another man in order to get his possessions (money, property, spouse, etc). So, the intent of that act is to make one�fs life better, that is the �gicca�h or �gdesire�h. One gets �gbound�h (�gpati�h) to this craving (�gicca�h) of hoping to make one�fs life better by this killing and may even plan for many months to achieve that goal. However, the long-term consequences will be a birth in the niraya (lowest realm), where the suffering can last millions of years (�gsama uppada�h is due to the fact that killing a human is one of the worst dasa akusala and that is a future birth in a niraya or hell). This is a hard point to understand for many (how the consequences can be that harsh), but it will become clear as cleanses one�fs mind by learning the true and pure Dhamma that the Buddha taught.

The key point is that any actions that involve dasa akusala, will have unimaginably harsh consequences. In other words, �gone cannot maintain things to one�fs expectations�h. The above two are extreme examples of anicca nature, and that is where one should start. It is easy to see the main idea. Then one will start realizing the bad consequences of lesser actions like stealing,gossiping, etc.

When one comprehends this basic anicca nature of attaching to such �glowly cravings�h, one�fs mind will AUTOMATICALLY reject such thoughts. That is when one attains the Sotapanna stage and will be free from births in the apayas forever. That is when one starts on the Noble Path with a basic idea of anicca nature.

The next stage is to realize the anicca nature of ANY sense pleasure, and that leads to the Sakadagami and Anagami stages. But that is unimaginable for a normal human, and one should not contemplate on that far at the beginning.

The deepest level of anicca nature is realized only at the Arahant stage, where one sees the unfruitfulness and danger even in the higher brahma realms.

There are many posts at the site in various sections, providing different types of analyses on anicca. The main section is: �gAnicca, Dukkha, Anatta�g.

Those who are interested can scan through the site map and go through sections of interest, like �gSotapanna Stage�g.

So, I hope I have clarified the key point that one must first understand the key message of the Buddha in order to make a true assessment of meditation techniques that do provide temporary relief. The key question to ask is how those techniques can lead to a true understanding of the anicca nature, which in turn will lead to �gcessation of suffering�h and attaining Nibbana.

If you think Goenka�fs techniques do that, that is fine. Each person needs to make his/her decisions on such critical issues.

o                  #16662

Tobias G

Participant

Hi Lucas,
I think we could exchange a lot of opinions about the Goenka technique. But what does it help? It would help only if we could find any progress towards Nibbana. That is what I can not confirm.
When I started on Lals website I easily made progress and the satara iddhipada were at work all the time. Even today I read �gold�h posts and find new details I did not grasp before. Every day I think about the Dhamma and that is real bhavana as per the Buddhas teaching. Here is panna to be gained, which is needed to attain Nibbana. That�fs all what I want. I can confirm to have reached a high level of niramisa sukha or nivana which is such a relief. This comes from real understanding and does not require much effort (at least not for me). Also this niramisa sukha does not go away, whether I sit every day for meditation or not. That is because real grasping of the unfruitful and dangerous nature of this world is forever. If you feel you can attain something with the Goenka technique, just do it.

o                  #16725

Akvan

Participant

Hi All,

There were questions raised as to why Goenka�fs meditation will not lead to nibbana. These are my thoughts and are relevant to any meditation technique (not only Goenka�fs).

Nibbana is attained in a step by step process starting from the stream entry / sotapanna stage. It is evident from the sutta�fs, that the sotapanna stage can only be attained from listening to the sa-dhamma (sa-dhamma shravanaya) and comprehending it. This sa-dhamma needs to be explained by someone who has at least attained the sotapanna stage, a kalyana mitta. Sotapanna stage cannot be attained by meditation.

If there is a method leading to nibbana it has to start with listening and comprehending the sa-dhamma, as one does not have the ability to comprehend the sa-dhamma by himself. So if someone expects to attain the sotapanna stage through meditation, it will not happen.

Hence a programme that relies only on meditation cannot lead one to attain the sotapanna stage.

o                  #16727

Lal

Keymaster

Akvan sadi: �gIf there is a method leading to nibbana it has to start with listening and comprehending the sa-dhamma, as one does not have the ability to comprehend the sa-dhamma by himself�c�h.

That is correct.
Just to point out �gsa-dhamma�h is really �gsath-dhamma�h (or correct dhamma), which rhymes as �gsaddhamma�h and thus is called �gsaddhamma�g; see, �gSaddhamma Sutta (AN 10.191) AND Saddhamma Sutta (AN 10.147)�h in the post: �gDasa Akusala/Dasa Kusala – Basis of Buddha Dhamma�g.

One of the requirements for Sotapanna phala is �glistening to saddhamma�h by an Ariya or a Noble person.

o                  #19762

cubibobi

Participant

Dearl all!

I�fd like to revisit this thread after a few months�f absence. Ever since I had the fortune of knowing puredhamma.net, I have learned so much, and recently I set up a self cultivation program to make it more structured:

1) Learning Dhamma — from puredhamma.net, other books, and listening to desanas (mostly online, some of which are from Lal).
2) Stay away from dasa akusala the best I can.
3) Perform meritorious deeds (mostly dana)
4) Cultivate anicca sanna as prescribed in some posts here.

I am wondering if the process works something like this: some day when my mind is ripe AND I listen to a desana, AND the person giving the desana is an Ariya, THEN there may be something in that desana that gives me a �gpush�h toward the sotapanna stage; this would fulfill the element of �glistening to saddhamma�h by an Ariya.

Is this how it more or less works?

Thanks!
Lang

o                  #19819

Lal

Keymaster

Hello Lang,

Yes. You are doing the right things. Let us know your progress and if you have questions on the way.

May the Blessings of the Triple Gem be with you in your efforts!

o                  #19820

y not

Participant

Cubibobi mentions LISTENING to a desana by an Ariya. This reminds me that Lal said he would say whether listening is a requirement in attaining the Sotapanna
Stage when he finds that information. Perhaps Lal has since and I missed it?

At any rate, yes, Cubibobi, for me it has worked like that. Those four. But I included vimansa (analysis, investigation), mainly as to whether anything in particular is consistent with the rest of Dhamma.
May you progress on the Path.

o                  #19821

Lal

Keymaster

�h whether listening is a requirement in attaining the Sotapanna
Stage.�h

Yes. It is.
I have mentioned is in a post. I am travelling today.

o                  #19824

y not

Participant

Thank you Lal,

I will not be addressing anything to you until you say it is ok to do so.

I wish you a fruitful trip

Metta

 

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o                  #20742

Nikita

Participant

Hello everyone!

I went to one of the Goenka�fs retreats this summer and tried to follow all the instructions to the best of my ability, even though I read this thread right before going there, which made me skeptical about the advantages of this meditation. Even though I found Lal�fs words pretty convincing, I still decided to give it a shot since I was already going there.

So while meditating in the hall, I eventually reached a state of deeper concentration, which is referred to by Goenka as �gbhavanga�h. I read a post here on �gbhavanga citta�f and as I understood it, It�fs a �gmindset�h free of any thoughts, where there is no processing of sense input. But the �gbhavanga�h state Goenka was talking about is different – it�fs a state of mind when one can feel subtle sensations all over the body�C something like an energy flow. In my case that was similar to waves of small particles rushing through my whole body in a way that I couldn�ft even discern my body parts, I was just a heap of waves and vibrations. Does it have anything to do with the jhanic states?

Now, this feeling is being described as �gpleasurable�h and �gdesirable�h by others, including Goenka. So many people get stuck in their practice, trying to get this feeling again. But for me, both times I experienced it, I was pretty much overwhelmed and it started so suddenly that I kind of freaked out. My heart rate increased and I couldn�ft help but gasped, therefore leaving that state.

I wonder if anyone else experienced any fear or panic when mediating. What�fs the reason for that? I used to have a period of time when I was dealing with mild anxiety episodes back in the days just before the retreat, but those gradually became less and less frequent and I don�ft have them now. So I think that in my case, the anxiety I had back then caused my fear of that �gbhavanga�h state. But I also believe that I�fve always been like this – freaking out when there�fs something unpredictable or/and uncomfortable happening with my body. Something I would describe as �gfear of loosing control over my body�h.

I stopped following Goenka�fs technique after maybe 2 weeks of practicing it at home and started contemplating on the three seals and other dhamma concepts. It�fs hard to point the mind to the right direction and sometimes I feel like I don�ft know what to think next and it seems like I�fm forcing myself to review a paragraph from a book I read and now have to make a summary in my head, but sometimes there are moments when I naturally �gstick�h to some topic and it�fs relatively easy to contemplate and to make parallels with my life. In general, it�fs much easier to get in a concentrated state when I�fm doing a Kasina mediation, but everything I really learned and understood about Buddha Dhamma came to me when I was contemplating on those concepts or doing real Anapana throughout my day.

o                  #20777

Lal

Keymaster

Hello Nikita! Welcome to the forum!

Those �gbodily feelings�h are nothing to worry about. They could be related to jhanas too.

Yes. Even breath meditation or mundane kasina mediation can easily get one to experience such things (including jhana), especially if one had cultivated jhanas in recent previous lives as a human.
– Then one could have even been born in a brahma realm, and may have come back to the human realm.

As we know one can be born (jati) as a human many times within a given human existence (bhava): �gBhava and Jāti – States of Existence and Births Therein�g.

So, those who had cultivated (anariya) jhana in the recent past may easily experience such �gbodily feelings�h or even jhana. It is those who also can easily experience �gout-of-body�h experiences where the �gmental body�h (gandhabba) can come out. Those who can do �gastral travel�h do that by coming out of the physical body with the gandhabba.

However, those previous jhana experiences are NOT likely to be Ariya jhanas. If they were one would not be coming back to the human realm or even deva realms. That is because one�fs kama raga would have been REMOVED; see, �gMundane versus Supramundane Jhāna�g.

In any case, Nikita is on the right track. As he says, one should not be satisfied (complacent) with any jhanic experiences. Those are temporary. We all had cultivated not only jhanas, but also supernormal (iddhi) powers in our deep past.

I always point out to the fact that Devadatta had cultivated jhanas and iddhi powers, but he lost all that and born in an apaya.
– On the other hand, being able to get to any jhana is a good thing (and may not be easy for some). That means one is able to at least suppress kama raga temporarily, and thus get to a better state of mind.
– However, it is not necessary to cultivate jhana in order to attain magga phala.

o                  #20899

cubibobi

Participant

Hi Nikita,

The experience you described is referred to in the Goenka�fs tradition as bhanga (dissolution), NOT the bhavanga (dormant state of the mind) as explained in abhidhamma.

I never experienced bhanga when I used to practice in this way, but I read extensively about the �gstations�h in the Goenka�fs technique. You�fre right that it�fs not something to crave for, but it is also recognized as an important �gstation�h, because it means that the mind is sharp enough to experience such subtle vibration.

Recall that this technique takes bodily sensations (representing vedana) as the main object of observation. It starts with the breath just to sharpen the mind for this task, and as the mind is sharp enough it can perceive sensations arising and passing rapidly.

Also, �ganicca�h in this tradition means the arising and passing of sensations, and so bhanga is an important stage because the mind is perceiving this arising/passing at a very subtle level.

I know nothing by experience about kasina, jhana. I just want to point out the bhanga/bhavanga distinction.

Best,
Lang

o                  #21025

cubibobi

Participant

Hi,

We�fve had quite an extensive discussion about Goenka�fs technique, but I just read Lal�fs wonderful post about vēdanā and would like to add a little more. The post is in the �gLiving Dhamma�h section:

https://puredhamma.net/living-dhamma/what-is-vedana-feelings/vedana-what-it-really-means/

Jumping right to the end of the post, Lal summarized vēdanānupassanā as:

• vipāka vēdanā needs to be experienced with upekkha.
• Samphassa jā vēdanā are the ones to be stopped.
• Nirāmisa vēdanā are the ones to be cultivated.

The first bullet practically describes the whole Goenka�fs technique.

The technique does not work with Samphassa jā vēdanā because they are considered to be �greflected�h in vipāka vēdanā (2 sides of the same coin). To experience vipāka vēdanā with upekkha is to indirectly experience Samphassa jā vēdanā with upekkha.

Nirāmisa vēdanā are not considered at all. Based on my understanding of this technique, here�fs my speculation: all of vēdanā is to be transcended. Vipāka vēdanā, gross and subtle (such as bhanga described by Nikita) arise and pass away, and seeing this fully is seeing anicca. And transcending vēdanā (arising/passing) is to see nibbana (non arising / non passing). Saying this is somewhat like saying to get rid of all vēdanā (as Lal pointed out in the post that some people believe this), I think.

Finally, one question about the post: what about vēdanā arising from mind input? Does it also start as upekkha vēdanā, and then (for a normal human) turn automatically into dōmanassa or sōmanassa vēdanā?

Thank you!
Lang

o                  #21038

Lal

Keymaster

Lang said: �gFinally, one question about the post: what about vēdanā arising from mind input? Does it also start as upekkha vēdanā, and then (for a normal human) turn automatically into dōmanassa or sōmanassa vēdanā?�h.

Yes.
– But it needs to be kept in mind that we will not be able to discern the �ginitial upekkha vedana�h in any of these. The follow-up with �gsamphassa ja vedana�h happens within a split second (based on our gathi). We do not have any control over that.
– What we can do is to change our gathi over time. Then with time, �gsamphassa ja vedana�h will diminish.

o                  #21430

Anonymous

Hello all! This is my first post on this site, which I found quite recently while attempting to make sense of my own experiences/ insights in meditation practice. I have a view of the utility of the Goenka technique, which I think might be useful, so I�fm offering it here for consideration:

The final aim of Buddha Dhamma is to help sentient beings achieve liberation from Suffering (Nibbana). The Buddha himself achieved this using Ariya Anapanasati- glimpses of which can be found throughout the suttas, and which has been very correctly elucidated on this site.
The key to achieving Nibbana is the supramundane realization of the four Noble Truths- the key to that goal is the experiential understanding of Anicca, Anatta, Dukkha.. realizing that Dukkha occurs because of Craving/Attachment and the further realization that these attachments are nothing other than deep rooted habit patterns (I call them Automatic Scripts, using a computer analogy), that these habit patterns are formed due to the risk/reward evaluation function hardwired into minds�c and the even deeper realization that these habits are not just formed due to our experience in this lifetime- many are already �eon board�f due to past lives (?for want of any better explanation and based on data reported and confirmed by many others). By consciously being Mindful we can see many of these habit patterns at work in daily life in real time- sometimes they can be interrupted with ease, at other times stopping/ replacing the automatic script requires much work. One must however be kind to oneself on this journey, otherwise it is easy to degenerate back into the unconscious craving pattern we seek escape from in the first place.
Though this is the path to Nibbana, as I understand it- entering the path is impossible without that �efirst taste�f- the experiential realization of Anicca/Anatta/Dukkha and the Paticca Samuppada.
This �estream entry�f phenomenon of seeing the Dhamma for the first time can occur in a multitude of ways- through enquiry, faith or just plain dumb luck.
As Ananda said, it is surprising how something so simple and ever present can remain hidden. Just observe your own experience in the supermarket checkout line – can you be sure that you have chosen the fastest line? Having chosen what appears to be the fastest line, aren�ft you helpless in ensuring that it maintains its speed? Do you suffer when the inevitable hold up occurs and you are delayed? Anicca, Anatta, Dukkha – right there!
The Buddha himself tried many different ways to achieve this entry point breakthrough in his disciples. Some of these efforts did not go quite as planned, even in his time (eg Contemplation of the Foulness of the body .. a large number of monks committed suicide while the Buddha was in retreat after that teaching as described in the Vinaya). Other methods such as the Bramhavihara and other contemplations, Dhutanga practices etc may also work on occasion. Basically, a large number of methods exist, which one will work depends on the particular personality type.
The Goenka technique is basically meant to provide this initial breakthrough in as short a time as possible. It seeks to �ebrute force�f the mind into the realization of the 3 characteristics in an intensive 10 day all out boot camp. It works for many, though as correctly pointed out above, the �ehard reset�f can�ft be sustained without further work on Sila, Samadhi and Pannya.
As an aside, many may have read �gMan�fs Search for Meaning�h by Viktor E Frankl, a Jew holocaust survivor who has recounted his experience of Auschwitz. He clearly describes how at the end of a period of unimaginable suffering his mind suddenly �elet go�f and found release. Nothing in his situation changed, but he found that he had transcended his suffering.. he could look on events with an equanimous mind, even feeling nothing but a metta like compassion for his guards and fellow inmates.
This is the kind of �estream entry�f / realization that humans have mistakenly sought to achieve through the most brutal self-torture for centuries. The Buddha�fs genius lies in describing to us that �emiddle way�f method of achieving that same experience of release, and even more besides in a gradual training which brings lasting results.
Yet what works for one need not work for all – may all beings find deliverance!

o                  #21433

lucas.cambon

Participant

Hello everyone!
I would like to add something in order to throw a bit of �glight�h into this theme of Enlightenment, specifically in the first stage of Sotapana (stream entry).
The attainment of this stage is marked by the first sight/experience of the uncondition element (Nibbāna). It is not a �grandom momentary trascendental realization of our conditions and role in the cosmos�h but something very technical. Like the Physical world that has very precisely mathematical laws, the Reality of Mind possesses the same characteristics. It can be precisely described, and the path to liberation is a very technical one indeed (although subject to some little variations depending on the individual conditions).
In order to enter the Stream one MUST experience Nibbana, going beyond mind and matter and entering in the state of Nirodha where all the senses (including the mind) stop working. Maybe this last only a second (could be much more) but is enough potent to completely change the mind of the meditator.
This experience is equally speaking to the Dispelling of All doubts about the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha because now the person knows by DIRECT EXPERIENCE that what the buddha tought is true (crucial point) and can never follow another spiritual master. Until that moment faith played a very important roll that now is no more necessary. The meditator is his own teacher. He/she knows perfectly which is the path and which is not. He/she understands that no rite or ritual neither stict adhesion to moral discipline can help him towards the final goal. Only the intensive practise of meditation can do it. No more intellectual games, no more deception.

May all have the chance to experience such a blissful state in this very life.
May all beings be happy, be peaceful, be liberated

�˜             #21434

Johnny_Lim

Participant

�gIn order to enter the Stream one MUST experience Nibbana, going beyond mind and matter and entering in the state of Nirodha where all the senses (including the mind) stop working.�h

I thought only Anagamis and Arahant could achieve that. Never knew to attain stream entry requires such a high standard of achievement.

o                  #21436

Lal

Keymaster

Welcome to the forum, lucas.cambon!

Different people �gsee�h Nibbana differently. But I am a bit puzzled by: �g�gIn order to enter the Stream one MUST experience Nibbana, going beyond mind and matter and entering in the state of Nirodha where all the senses (including the mind) stop working.�h

Is that something that you experienced or what you think it should be? If it a personal experience, it would be beneficial for others if you can describe what that experience was like.

Dukkha nirodha is �gstopping future suffering�h.
– Nirōdha comes from �gnir�h + �gudā�g, where �gnir�h meaning stop and �gudā�h is arising.
– Nirōdha could also mean, �gni�h + �grōdha�h where �gni�h again is stop and �grōdha�h refers to �gwheel�h or �gwheeling�h referring to samsāric journey.

At the first stage of Nibbana (Sotapanna), one �gsees�h why Nibbana should be realized (that repeated birth in the 31 realms is filled with suffering much more than temporary occasions of happiness) AND how that can be realized. It is like seeing �gthe path�h to get to the destination (Nibbana or Arahanthood).
– In a mundane sense it is like �gseeing�h how 3 plus 5 is 8, without having to count with fingers. One just realizes the anicca nature of this world: That one can never maintain anything to one�fs satisfaction.

Now one may start feeling bodily sensations on the way to get that moment or even after that phala moment.
– That is associated with getting to samadhi and in some cases jhana.

All senses stop working only in nirōdha samāpatti, which can be attained only after getting to at least the Anagami stage AND after cultivating all the Ariya jhanas.

o                  #21450

Christian

Participant

I would need to speak to Buddha about it if I�fm right or wrong but this is how it is related to my experience and experience of others I�fm trying to guide into Nibbana.

The first entry of Nibbana can be very potent before it stabilizes itself as Sotapanna, Sakadagami etc. One person can have so strong samadhi that it can actually make one think that one attain a higher stage of what he really attained. To take the example of suttas see how many Sotapannas have different reactions in relation to stream entry. Sariputta saw �gDeathless�h when encountering first stream-entry, he would recognize it quickly or had very strong experience while others can�ft deny the truth of Nibbana and Buddha teachings but they experience is not that deep or intense as some of the others.

My idea behind it (which I would like to ask Buddha as this is just in terms of simple observation) I personally had very strong �ghunger�h for Nibbana without really knowing what exactly I was looking for before I found it. Imagine this like eating different things but it does not really feel like it satisfies you, you can feel you eaten but it�fs not just �git�h. People who happen to have some spark or possibility to attain Nibbana but do not have that �gfire�h or �ghunger�h I see tends to experience Nibbana rather slowly or like Lal explained in his post that sometimes it takes weeks before one sees it. If the pressure is strong and a person is looking for Nibbana without even knowing what exactly he is looking for I think he can expect very good �gexperience�h of Nibbana even before attain Anagami or Arahant stage. A person who is just �ginterested�h or �gcurious�h would rather have small or almost to none experience beside clarity of insight into Nibbana.

o                  #21466

lucas.cambon

Participant

The type of Nirodha is �gPhalasamapatti�h. I misunderstood the use of the word �gNirodha�h. I willed to use it as �gcessation�h. Anyway, the important issue here is the following:
The path to Sotappana

0.                          The meditator undertakes the practice of morality, specifically guarding the mind from unwholesomeness (sīlavisuddhi)

1.                          Guarding the mind, the meditator cultivates focus, gaining clarity of mind based on the objects of experience (cittavisuddhi)

2.                          Having a clear mind, the meditator cultivates an understanding of the nature of experience as composed of impersonal physical and mental constituents (diṭṭhivisuddhi)

3.                          Observing the physical and mental phenomena, the meditator cultivates an understanding of the causal interactions between the physical and mental phenomena (kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi)

4.                          Through the understanding of positive and negative causal relationships, the meditator cultivates an understanding of what is an what is not the path (maggāmaggañāṅadassanavisuddhi)

5.                          Through an understanding of the path, the meditator cultivates the right path (paṭipadāñāṅadassanavisuddi)

6.                          Through cultivating the right path, one attains knowledge and vision of the noble path and fruition (ñāṅadassanavisuddhi)
Sotāpanna occurs upon attainment of the seventh stage. The right path (#6) is the gradual understanding that all formations are impermanent, suffering, and non-self. Once this realization becomes all-encompassing, the meditator attains an absolute certainty of one or another of the three characteristics and this leads to a release based either on knowledge of signlessness (based on impermanence – that there is no telling what will happen in advance), desirelessness (based on suffering – that there is no benefit to clinging to any formation), or emptiness (based on non-self – that all formations are void of self and there is no relationship of ownership or control in regards to all formations).
This release leads to an experience of cessation, where there is no arising of sense experience (including mental sense experience). This is the realization of nibbāna, and this is what leads to the eradication of the first three fetters.
1- Wrong view is eradicated because one can never believe that anything could be permanent, satisfying or controllable, having seen them all cease without remainder.
2- Attachment to wrong practice is eradicated because one can never be confused about the practice that leads to nibbāna after seeing nibbāna for oneself.
3- Doubt about the Buddha, Dhamma or Sangha can never arise, because one knows what the Buddha taught to be true with complete certainty, and the results that one attains having followed said teachings.

From my point of view is undeniable that we have to experience Nibbana in order to reach a �gsecure standpoint�h. This is our own validation that the teachings are real. We dispel every little spark of doubt when we See Nibbana, not before.
Is it reasonable? When we see smoke that smells like something burning we can be almost sure that there is a fire somewhere, but it is not until we actually see it that we can affirm by our own experience that is true.
The Sotappana is an Ariyan because he attained one of the Supramundane paths, and the only reality that classifies as �gsupramundane�h is Nibbana.

Stream-entry is by no means an easy task. It requieres year of practice, years of practical investigation of reality. With this I don�ft pretend to give a pessimist vision about the journey, but it is important to be realistic to. When I read about this stuff I usually prefer to keep in mind that this is the ultimate goal of all us so it will requiere the most high standar of achivement possible, it won�ft be easy to do. Aeons of Craving and Ignorance are in our backs, incalculable periods of contraction and expansion of the entire Universe.
In fact, it�fs Amazing that such a thing as entering the path leading to liberation can be achieved in one life. (Taking into consideration that we have to pass through kindergarten over and over again) Don�ft you think?

�˜             #21476

Johnny_Lim

Participant

�gObserving the physical and mental phenomena, the meditator cultivates an understanding of the causal interactions between the physical and mental phenomena�h

During the days of the Buddha, his disciples both monks and laity people are called Sāvaka (Dhamma hearer). We often see in the suttas depicting accounts of the Buddha delivering desana to prospects whom he deemed were capable of understanding his dhamma. What is not evident in the suttas is the Buddha asking people to straightaway meditate and see mentality and materiality and so on and so forth. Formal meditation is adjunct to listening to dhamma. Here are some rhetorical questions I would like to ask. How authentic is our observation on the physical and mental phenomena? Can we truly be sure that we are seeing the �ereal thing�f? Or are they just created by our cunning mind when we crave for what we want to see? We must be careful of many meditation programs out there which are trying to sell us a fast-track way to liberation, which in my opinion is no different from any get-rich-quick scheme. I am certainly very doubtful and cautious on some lineage and meditation teachers who claimed that their method is the most authentic way to attain various stages of Nibbana. Fake Rolex watches are out there simply because there are real ones in the market!

We must not forget the applicability of Buddha Dhamma in our everyday lives is very real and practical. Otherwise, how can it help us alleviate suffering? New age meditation technique like the one described in this post might appeal to some. But is it really effective in helping us handle traumatic incidents? Or are they nothing more than just a clinical experimentation? Citing a hypothetical case, a participant who just ended a retreat was about to leave the meditation centre when he received a call that his next of kin had passed away from a freak accident back home. Can this participant who just �esaw�f kalapas, ultimate mentality and materiality in this meditation be able to remain composed and unshaken if he has not yet been exposed to Buddha Dhamma and inculcate a steady mindset to accept the Anicca nature? We read the famous story in the suttas of a lady who almost went mad when her son died. Buddha asked her to find mustard seeds from a family who does not have any deceased family members, delivered a desana to her and thereafter, she managed to regain her composure and attained stream entry.

�gAnd so saying, she went into the presence of the master.
Then the master said to her,
�gHave you obtained, Gotami, the mustard seed?�h
�gFinished, sir, is the matter of the mustard seed�h she said.
�gYou have indeed restored me.�h

And the master then uttered this verse:
A person with a mind that clings,
Deranged, to sons or possessions,
Is swept away by death that comes
— Like mighty flood to sleeping town.

At the conclusion of this verse, confirmed in the fruit of stream-entry�c�h

Buddha did not ask the lady to come sit down and meditate on this materiality, that mentality etc.

Another example from the suttas�cA rich man�fs son Yasha had wandered off into the monastery where Buddha was staying. Yasha listened to the dhamma delivered by the Buddha and attained stream entry. Rich man was frantically searching for his beloved son and arrived at the monastery where Buddha was staying. Buddha wielded his supernatural power to shield his son from the rich man�fs vision and delivered a desana to the rich man. Upon listening to the desana, the rich man attained stream entry and his son, Arahantship. Nowhere did the Buddha give both of them the instruction to sit down and meditate on this and that. Even if the Buddha did, what is the likelihood that both of them could observe physical and mental phenomena and their relationship in such a short span of time and attain path and fruition?

 

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o                  #21467

Tien

Participant

Hi lucas.cambon, you said �g�c Sotāpanna occurs upon attainment of the seventh stage. The right path (#6) is the gradual understanding that all formations are impermanent, suffering, and non-self.�h.

Did you mean �g�c understanding that all formations are anicca, dukkha, and anatta�g?

Because:
anicca is not �gimpermanent�h
dukkha is not merely just �gsuffering�h
anatta is definitely not �gnon-self�h

About the reason behind this conclusion, please refer back to posts (Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta) on this (PureDhamma.net) site. Both logical evidences and based-on-the-suttas evidences.

About your details steps to Sotapanna, I don�ft have any comment because I think everyone has different approach, but we need to get the key concepts right from the get go.

o                  #21469

lucas.cambon

Participant

Hello Tien,

Yes, I mean Anicca, Dukkha and Anatta. You can choose the translation that appeals more to you, that�fs not the point. I don�ft wanna be rude but it will be very helpful to focus on the general idea beyond the exposition of someone else, not in the specific words. They can be interpreted in different ways by each an everyone of us.
It�fs very likely that when I used the word �gbird�h I imagine a different species than you. You know what I mean?

Furthermore my english is not the best so I have to apologize for that.

o                  #21473

Lal

Keymaster

lucas.cambon wrote: �gSotāpanna occurs upon attainment of the seventh stage.�h

I think this is a misunderstanding. The completion of the seven visuddhis is the same as completing the Noble Eightfold Path. So, if someone completes them, one would be an Arahant.

Could you provide a Tipitaka reference for a Sotapanna completing all seven visuddhis?

P.S. I just found the following sutta, which confirms what I stated above:
�gRatavinita Sutta (MN 24)�g.

A fairly good English translation is at:
�gRatha-vinita Sutta: Relay Chariots�g

o                  #21477

Christian

Participant

�gI mean Anicca, Dukkha and Anatta. You can choose the translation that appeals more to you, that�fs not the point.�h

You can not choose a translation that appeals more to you as you will develop further ignorance. Progress is attained by breaking what is appealing to you. If its something you can not break then it�fs true.

 

 

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